HOW TO EDIT SUPER METROID - 日本語版

2.

"Tile Table" menu.

Export CRE Tile Table：

現在[RF-FILENAME] CRE.TTBと呼ばれる、RFで開いているSuper Metroid ROMと同じフォルダに.TTBファイルを作成します。

この.TTBファイルには、タイルテーブルエディタがCREテーブル用に作成したタイル配置が含まれています。

タイルテーブルは、グラフィックを正しく表示するために必要です。左/右クリックでタイルを配置するためのタイルテーブルのデフォルトも保存されます。
Import CRE Tile Table：

CREタイルテーブル（.TTB）ファイルをインポートして自動保存します。
Export SCE (scenery) Tile Table：

現在[RF-ROM名] SCE $ XX.TTBという名前で、RFで開いているROMと同じフォルダーに.TTBファイルを作成します(XX =エクスポートを選択したときに選択されたタイルセット)

この.TTBファイルには、タイルテーブルがグラフィックを正しく表示するために必要なSCEテーブル用のタイルテーブルエディタによって作成されたタイルの配置が含まれています。

左/右クリックでタイルを配置するためのタイルテーブルのデフォルトも保存されます。
Import SCE (scenery) Tile Table：

選択したSCEタイルテーブル（.TTB）ファイルをインポートして自動保存します。

3.

"Pallete Menu"

Export Pallete:

RF本体のメニューから Preferences -> Pallete Format で選択された出力形式でRFで開いているROMと同じフォルダーにパレットデータが保存されます。

Import Pallete:

読み込み可能な形式のファイルを選択すると保存しておいたパレットデータが読み込まれ反映されます。

4.

Currently loaded tileset.

このドロップダウンメニューからエントリを選択すると、エリアのタイルセットが編集用にロードされます。

5.

Currently loaded CRE.

このドロップダウンメニューはデフォルトでは空白になっており、MultiCREパッチを使用している場合にのみ利用可能になります。

SCEとは異なり、CREのタイルとテーブルは他の場所の異なるコードによってロードされます。

6.

CRE table address.

CREタイルテーブルは、全てで共有されます。

エクスポートしたCRE .TTBファイルをインポートするとこの場所のデータは上書きされますが、ROM内の任意の場所を指すことができます。

7.

CRE tiles address.

CREグラフィックシートの場所は、全てで共有されます。

エクスポートしたCRE .GFXファイルをインポートするとこの場所のデータは上書きされますが、ROM内の任意の場所を指すことができます。

8.

SCE (scenery) table address.

現在選択されているタイルセットのタイルテーブルの場所。

エクスポートしたSCE .TTBファイルをインポートするとこの場所のデータは上書きされますが、ROM内の任意の場所を指すことができます。

9.

SCE (scenery) tiles address.

現在選択されているタイルセットのグラフィックシートの場所。

エクスポートしたSCE .GFXファイルをインポートするとこの場所のデータは上書きされますが、ROM内の任意の場所を指すことができます。

10.

Tileset palette address.

現在選択されているタイルセットのパレットの位置。

タイルセットパレットの最大長は259バイトです。

ROM内の任意の場所を指すことができます。

11.

Overwrite / Road チェックボックス.

このチェックボックスでタイルセットポインターに対する変更を上書きするか、現在の状態で読み込むかを選択します。

12.

Overwrite / Road ボタン.

このチェックボックスでタイルセットポインターに対する変更を上書きするか、現在の状態で読み込むかを選択します。

13.

LoROM address to PC address 変換機能.

Lunar Addressと同じ働きをしますが、LoROMアドレスとPCアドレスの間で変換をします。

6文字未満の長さのPCアドレスを入力する場合は、0を入力する必要があります（例：7E9A0ではなく07E9A0、または1800ではなく001800）

14.

現在ロードされているタイルセットのカラーパレット.

色をクリックして、下の赤/緑/青のスライダーを使って編集します。

色をコピー/置換するには：

赤/緑/青のボックスをクリックしてカーソルが小さなメトロイドアイコンに変わるようにしてから置き換える色の上にドラッグ＆ドロップします。

15.

Palette line.

0〜7のいずれかのボタンをクリックしパレットラインホルダーのいずれか、またはタイルテーブルエディタの4つのセクションのいずれかにドラッグ＆ドロップします。

16.

RGBボックスとスライダー.

これらは、タイルセットのパレットで現在選択されている色を編集するために使用されます。

また、ボックス内にドラッグ＆ドロップで現在の色をコピーします。

17.

パレットインデックスと現在選択されている色の16進数値および"Save Pallete"ボタン.

[Hex] ボックス:

16進数のカラーコードを入力すると、その色に最も近い互換性のあるSNESカラーが自動的にRGB領域に表示されます。

また、パレットにて現在選択されている色が置き換えられます。

Super Metroidで新しく色を追加する場合などにSNESカラーではない16進カラーコードを使用したい場合に便利です。

"Save Palette" ボタン:

タイルセットのパレットに対して行った編集内容を上書きします。

18.

パレットホルダーのプレビュー.

個別の色をここからドラッグしてタイルセットのパレットの色に置き換えるかパレットホルダーボタンの1つからパレットの行にドラッグして行全体を置き換えます。

19.

Palette holder buttons.

パレット行をここにドラッグアンドドロップすると、行全体を簡単に上書きしたり別のタイルセットのパレットにコピーしたりできます。

20.

タイルテーブルセクションのパレット行番号.

これらの4つの淡黄色のボックスには0〜7の数字が入っています。

これらのボックス/ボタンをクリックするとパレットの行を順に移動し、右クリックすると逆方向に移動します。

パレットのラインボタンからドラッグ＆ドロップすることもできます。

21.

タイルセクションの水平/垂直フリップボタン.

各タイルセクションには、横に2つの長方形の白いボタン（水平/垂直）があり、クリックできます。

これらの白いボタンの内側にある矢印は、現在タイルのその部分にフリップを適用していることを意味します。

22.

タイルテーブルエディタ.

下の表のタイルをクリックすると編集のためにここでそのクローズアップが表示されます。

タイルのセクションをクリックすると、赤い四角のオン/オフが切り替わります。

赤い四角が表示されている場合:

タイルはSamusの後ろに表示されます。

赤い四角が非表示の場合:

Samusの前にタイルは表示されません。

23.

Copy 16x16 Tiles checkbox:

チェックボックスをオンにした状態でホワイトボックスのサイズを8 x 8ピクセルから16 x 16に変更することで、

タイルシートから一度にドラッグできるタイルの数を1から4に増やします。

Copy Tilesheet Palettes checkbox:

タイルがタイルシートからドラッグされてタイルテーブルエディタにドロップされたときにパレットの線の値をタイルグラフィックと一緒にコピーします。

（削除された機能）

16x16 Palettes checkbox:

チェックしながらパレット行からタイルテーブルエディタの任意のセクションに番号をドラッグアンドドロップすると、

そのパレット番号が1つではなく4つすべてのセクションに適用されます。

24.

Tile number.

テーブルで現在選択されているタイルの番号が表示されます。

一番左上 [ $ 000 ] から数えて、一番右下 [ $ 3FF ] で終わります。

25.

Tilesheet GFX numbers.

この4つの値は、タイルテーブルエディタの4つのセクションに対応しています。

値自体は、各タイルセクションがタイルシートから使用しているタイル番号です。

26.

Copy Tile / Paste Tile ボタン.

"Copy"をクリックすると、タイルテーブル内の他のタイルの上に貼り付けてタイルテーブルエディタでその内容を表示します。

"Past"をクリックすると、コピーしたタイルデータを貼り付けることができます。

27.

Save Table ボタン.

[保存]ボタンをクリックすると、現在開いているタイルセットのCREまたはSCEテーブルアドレスに編集内容が書き込まれます。

28.

Special GFX ドロップダウンメニュー.

このメニューのオプションはSMILE RFがあなたのためにエクスポートできるグラフィックシートです。

エクスポートされたグラフィックシート（.GFXファイル）は、他のプログラムで開いたり編集したり保存したりしてから、ROMにインポートし直すことができます。

29.

Special GFX PC address.

Special GFXドロップダウンメニューで現在選択されているエントリのPCアドレスを表示します。

一番下のドロップダウンオプションが選択されている場合このPCアドレスフィールドは編集可能になります。

自分のPCアドレスを入力してそこからグラフィックをエクスポートすることができます。

30.

Import Graphics and Export Graphics buttons.

"Export Graphics"ボタン:

開いているROMと同じフォルダに.GFXファイルが作成されます。

また、同じファイル名の.GFXファイルが既に存在する場合は上書きされます。

"Import Graphics"ボタン:

ファイル選択メニューが開き、そこから.GFXファイルを選択すると変更されたグラフィックがROMに保存されます。

31.

GFXシート用に現在選択されているパレット.

0〜7ボタンは、タイルセットのパレットに使用できる8つのパレット行（ボタンと同じパレット行）を表します。

タイルシートをプレビューもしくは、ドラッグアンドドロップしたときにパレット番号を確認できます。

32.

現在選択されているタイルシートのタイル

タイルシートの目的は、タイルをドラッグしてタイルテーブルエディタの4つのセクションの1つにタイルをドロップすることです。

タイルシートのタイルは8 x 8ピクセルの正方形です。

タイルテーブルとレベルエディタで部屋を構築するために使用される16 x 16ピクセルの各ブロックには、最大4つのタイルを配置できます。

33.

現在編集用に選択されているタイル.

ホワイトボックスはあなたが特に見るべきものです。

タイルを左クリックすると、この白いボックスがタイルの周りに表示されます。

つまり、編集のためにタイルテーブルエディタに読み込まれます。

34.

空白に見える一時的なタイル.

具体的には、それらを通過する水平の青い水平線を持つ8つの空白のタイルで他のPLMが使用します。

たとえあなたがCREテーブルを再指定したとしても、これらは決して変更されるべきではありません。

35.

CREタイルテーブルの白い「XXXX」タイル。

CREテーブルを再指定しない限り、これらのタイルを編集しないでください。

36.

CREテーブルの最後のタイル.

これは、すべての部屋が屋外で使用するデフォルトの見えないタイルです。

左上から始まりこのタイルで終わるすべてのタイルがCREテーブルを構成するものです。

合計タイルテーブルの上から32x8タイルですべてのタイルの上にあります。

CREテーブルはすべてのタイルセットに対して同じサイズで、デフォルトですべてのタイルセット間で共有されます。

37.

SCE（scenery）テーブルの最初のタイル.

これと最後の風景タイルの間にあるすべてのタイルがSCEタイルテーブルを構成するものです。

タイルテーブル全体の一番下の32 x 24タイルです。

SCEテーブルはエリアごとに異なるので、再設定するまでタイルをタイルテーブルエディタで編集したりバックアップを作成して

次のタイルセットのタイルテーブルの上書きを監視する方法を知っておく必要があります。

また、右側にあるスクロールを動かしていくと一番右下の端のタイルが最後になります。

※

Allow Clipboard Selection チェックボックス.

新しく実装された機能ですが、検証中です。

▲  ∧   Palette Editor   ∨ 

Special Palettes, Samus Palettes, Palette Editor, Palette Chooser, Palette Options

1.

"Palette" ドロップダウンメニュー.

ROM内の位置を知る必要なしに、パレットセレクタで編集するためにパレットをすぐにロードします。

デフォルトの選択は"I'm A Genius"です。これは、右側の"Address"および"length"フィールドを編集できるようにするものです。

I'm A Genius以外の別のエントリを選ぶと、そのパレットのアドレスとバンクが表示されますが、これは編集できません。

このドロップダウンメニューの内容は、関連付けられているテキストファイルを変更することで編集できます。

../SMILE RF/Files/Data/palette_entries.txt - 変更を有効にするには、RFを閉じてから再度開く必要があります。

2.

"Address" "#".

PCアドレスと既知のパレットの長さを入力すると、そのパレットはPalette Chooserで編集できるようになります。

詳しくは、パレットロケーションを見てみてください。

3.

現在選択されているパレット行.

チェックされたボタンのとなりのパレット行は、コピーボタンをクリックすることによってコピーされます。

別のボタンをチェックして"Past"をクリックすると、そのパレット行がコピーしたもので上書きされます。

4.

"Palette Chooser" (特殊パレットエディタ).

このパレットエディタは、タイルセットエディタにあるものと同じように機能します。

色をクリックしてから、RGBスライダを使用して色を変更します。

5.

"Suit" ドロップダウンメニュー.

これらの各スーツオプションには、独自の一連の条件オプションがあります。

6.

"Condition" ドロップダウンメニュー..

これらのオプションの1つを選択すると、その特定のインスタンス用のパレットがPalette Chooserで編集できるようになります。

7.

パレットプレビュー.

RGBスライダを動かすとリアルタイムに変化します。

8.

RGB (red/green/blue) ボタン.

パレットチューザの色の上に値をドラッグ＆ドロップできるボタンとして使用できます。

9.

RGB (red/green/blue) スライダー.

これらを使って、現在選択されているパレットチューザの色を編集します。

10.

"Copy" "Paste" "Import" "Export" "Save ROM" ボタン.

"Copy"

現在選択されているパレット行をコピーします。

"Paste"

新しく選択したパレット行は、コピーした行で上書きされます。

一度に複数の行をコピーまたは貼り付けることはできません。

"Export"

現在RFで開いているSuper Metroid ROMと同じフォルダにパレットファイルを作成します。

"Address"と"#"の値にちなんで名付けられたファイル名で作成します。

"Preferences -> Palette Format"メニューで現在選択している内容によって作成する形式が異なります。

"Import"

パレットセレクタにロードするファイルを選択できます。

11.

RGB fading sliders.

Heat Glowのように、多くの行を含む特定のサムスコンディションパレットに役立ちます。

スクリーンショットのもう一方のRGBスライダは、左端までスクロールした場合にのみ00を表示します。

一方、これらのRGBフェージングスライダは、スクローラが中央にある場合にのみ00を表示します。

これにより、フェードアウトボタンまたはヒートグローボタンをクリックすると、パレットの選択の色の行が減ります。

12.

Fade Out, Heat Glow and Transition buttons.

"Fade Out":

上から順に、下方向に移動する行ごとに、RGBスライダの値を色の選択に表示されている通り追加します。

"Heat Glow":

上から順に、下方向に移動する行ごとに、RGBスライダの値を色の選択に表示されている通り追加します。

一番上の行から始めて真ん中の行で終わり、それから一番下の行まで同じ量を引きます。

"Transition":

上の色の行から下の色の行に向かって滑らかなトランジションを作成します。

13.

"Animated Palette" チェックボックス.

チェックされている間、色の選択の行は一定の速度で循環し色の行がどのように一緒に遷移するかのプレビューを表示します。

14.

"Animated Palette" scroller.

アニメーションパレットプレビューチェックボックスの回転速度を調整します。

15.

"Palette Line Size" "Palette Offset" スクローラー.

Palette Line Size:

色の選択の水平方向の表示色数

Palette Offset:

各パレット行の終わりにあるバイトをスキップできます。

長さが16バイト次に2バイトのデータ次に別の16バイトのパレットさらに別の2バイトのデータのパレットがある場合オフセットを2に設定します。

これは、各パレットの後でそれらの2バイトのデータをスキップします。

▲  ∧  Tile Table  ∨ 

1.

レベルエディタで使用するために現在選択されているタイル.

右クリックしてドラッグし、最大16 x 16までの複数のタイルを選択します。

2.

"Tile Table Defaults" メニュー.

このメニューを表示するには、タイルテーブルのタイルをダブルクリックします。

選択した設定は、ダブルクリックしたタイルにのみ適用されます。

このメニューはSMILE RF内だけの設定で、ROMに変更を加えたりしません。

3.

左か右をクリックした時の既定のタイル.

その特定のタイルの既定の動作を選択するには、小さなスクローラを操作します。

各タイルには左か右の2つのデフォルトの動作を設定できます。

選択するときにタイルをマウスなどで左か右でクリックすることによって決定されます。

4.

左か右をクリックした時の既定のBTS番号.

BTS $ 00が既定で設定されていますが、お好みの数値に変更できます。

5.

"Save" "Cancel" ボタン.

既定のタイルやBTS番号を設定した情報を保存もしくは、取り消します。

このメニューはSMILE RF内だけの設定で、ROMに変更を加えたりしません。

▲  ∧  Message Box Editor  ∨ 

1.

Message box editor / preview.

使用可能な編集スペースは、開いているメッセージボックスの種類に応じてサイズが決まります。

2.

編集用に現在選択されているメッセージボックス.

このリストのエントリは上のスペースで編集のためにロードされます。

3.

現在選択されているメッセージボックスのタイルのクローズアッププレビュー.

メイン編集領域またはメッセージボックスのタイルテーブルのいずれかでタイルを右クリックして選択します。

選択したタイルを配置するには、エディタ内の任意の場所を左クリックします。

4.

マウスカーソルの周りの3×3領域のクローズアップ.

5.

使用するパレットライン.

このドロップダウンメニューから選択すると、メッセージボックスのタイルテーブルのパレットが変わります。

6.

"H-Flip" "V-Flip" チェックボックス.

現在選択されているメッセージボックスのタイルを水平または垂直に反転します。

7.

Message box tile table.

これらのグラフィックは [ $9A:B200 ]（ [ PC:D3200 ] ）で保存されています。

8.

Save and reload message box edits.

"Save Msg":

現在選択しているメッセージボックスに加えた変更を保存します。

"Load Msg":

メッセージボックスエディタを開いた後、または最後に"Save Msg"をクリックした後に行った編集を元に戻します。

▲  ∧  Mode 7 Scene Editor  ∨ 

1.

モード7編集エリア.

右クリックしてタイルを選択し、左クリックして配置します。

2.

現在開いているモード7画面.

このドロップダウンメニューの内容は編集できません。

3.

"Import GFX" "Export GFX" ボタン.

現在開いているモード7画面で使用される.GFXファイルをインポートまたはエクスポートします。

4.

現在選択されているモード7のタイル.

モード7編集エリアまたはモード7タイル表のどちらかで右クリックした最後のタイルがここに表示されます。

5.

マウスカーソルの周りの3×3領域のクローズアップ.

6.

モード7のタイルテーブル.

右クリックしてここからタイルを選択し、左クリックでメイン編集エリアに配置します。

7.

"Save Mode 7 Tilemap" ボタン.

変更を加えた情報を保存します。

All windows:

• Tab - Cycle through currently opened editor windows
• F1 - Layer 1
• F2 - Layer 2
• F3 - BTS
• F4 - Gridlines/scrolls
• F5 - PLMs
• F6 - Enemies
• F7 - Show all (F1-F6)
• F8 - Hide all (F1-F6)
• F9 - Unused
• F10 - Unused and never will be used.
• Shift + Esc - Move main SMILE RF window to 0,0
• Esc (hold + run SMILE RF.exe) - Unload previous ROM, all editors hidden
• Ctrl + F1 - Hide/unhide Level Editor
• Ctrl + F2 - Hide/unhide Tile Table
• Ctrl + F3 - Hide/unhide Map Editor
• Ctrl + F4 - Hide/unhide FX Editor
• Ctrl + F5 - Hide/unhide Tileset Editor
• Ctrl + F6 - Hide/unhide Palette Editor
• Ctrl + F7 - Hide/unhide Task Log

Level Editor:

• Ctrl + Z - Undo (max 32)
• Ctrl + Y - Redo (max 32)
• Ctrl + E - Quickmet
• Ctrl + E (On Door) - Go to next room
• Shift + Ctrl + E (On Door) - Force open room, temporarily add to list, doesn't alter mdb.txt
• F11 - Quick BTS A
• F12 - Quick BTS B
• 0-9, A-F - Quick BTS values
• Ctrl + Left click + drag - auto-place H-Copy and V-Copy BTS
• Ctrl + D - Door Editor
• Ctrl + C - Clone Door
• Ctrl + L - Load Door
• Ctrl + S - Quick Save
• Shift - Show Liquid
• = - Copy/apply BTS
• Q - Metroid buddy options
• Home - Next tilesize up
• End - Next tilesize down
• PgUp - Next brightness up
• PgDn - Next brightness down
• Arrow Keys - Quickly flip tiles
• `(hold) - Show tile info in "Level Editor" window title
• Mouse wheel click + drag - Scroll through room
• Ctrl (hold) + drag enemy - Reverse current "Snap Enemies to Grid" setting
• Alt (hold) + drag possessor enemy - Turn off "Move Possessors Together" setting

Tile Table:

• Home - Next tilesize up
• End - Next tilesize down
• PgUp - Next brightness up
• PgDn - Next brightness down

Tileset Editor:

• C - Copy tile in tiletable
• V - Paste tile in tiletable
• S - Save tiletable

Map Editor:

• M (click or hold) - Set room's X/Y position on map
• H - Toggle hidden/revealed tile
• Arrow keys - Quickly flip tiles
• E - Load room that mouse cursor is currently on

▲  ∧  PART 2: CREATING A ROOM  ∨ 

Instead of picking a room and editing that, we're going to make a totally new, complex room from scratch and connect it in with the main game. This guide assumes you've never touched SMILE RF or a hex editor until right now, and that you know nothing about ROM hacking.

Depending on your monitor's resolution and general preferences, your setup will probably look a bit different from mine, since SMILE RF is made up of several individual windows that you can move around. Here is how I usually have mine arranged, with "Preferences > Auto Focus Windows" enabled. The FX Editor and Tile Table are nice to have open like this, but only the Level Editor is really needed. Here are some of SMILE RF's most basic functions for editing rooms:

Now, let's start creating that new room, and learning what a room actually is (hint: mostly just a bunch of pointers). You'll also learn some basic hex editing, which alone opens up infinite options for your hack that SMILE RF can't do. I'll do my best to over-explain everything and drive the point home with lots of pictures.

1.

Download and install a hex editor. I use HxD (mirror download here), and it's what you'll see in these screenshots, but XVI32 (mirror) is another good option because it's a single file that you don't have to install. The instructions I give for hex editing should be easy enough to figure out if you use a hex editor besides HxD while following this guide. Mostly, you'll be using the "Goto" function to go to specific PC addresses ("Offsets") in the ROM, and then editing some of the data there.

There's also this guide that explains basic hex editing for Super Metroid much more thoroughly.

Once you've gotten your hex editor downloaded, open the hex editor, and then open your Super Metroid .SMC file in it (I called my ROM "rftut.SMC" as in 'RF tutorial'). It should look about like this:

2.

Know what you're looking at. Before we start making any edits to anything, there are some things to learn first so you're not just blindly following steps without knowing why. Now that you've got the ROM open in HxD, let's go back over to SMILE for a second and look at the neon green drop-down room list:

You might have already wondered why the entries in this list are 5-digit numbers/letters instead of being simply 001, 002, or something else. These list entries are actually the PC addresses/offsets of each room header, which is where that particular room's main data starts. This means that the data for the very first room starts at 791F8. Now, go back over to HxD.

In HxD, click "Search > Goto..." and you'll be given a little pop-up window. You can also bring this window up by using the Ctrl+G hotkey. Check the "hex" and "begin" buttons, enter 791F8 as the offset, and then click OK:

Underlined red: the blinking |, which is your current location. Typing anything (0-9, A-F) will start overwriting data at this spot, so don't do it. We're just here to look. If you don't see the blinking | right away, scroll up or down a little bit until you find it.

Underlined green: notice that the underlined 791F and 08 together make up 791F8 (the first entry in SMILE RF's room list), and how that the blinking | is directly to the right of 791F, and directly underneath 08. This is a reliable way to find your way around while editing hex so that you don't have to use Goto for nearby addresses.

Underlined pink: current PC address/offset. If you want, use your keyboard's arrow keys to move the blinking | around and watch how the address shown here changes to reflect its position.

Scribbled over in yellow: hex data being read as text. You can hide this by clicking "View > Visible Columns > Hex" if you want, since it's not required (OPTIONAL EASTER EGG: go to offset FF00 and look at the text column to view a hidden Super Metroid special thanks credit).

And with that, you now mostly know how to use a hex editor!

3.

Counting in hexadecimal. This is really easy to understand, and it's required knowledge. The point of hexadecimal is being able to count up to 16 using a single digit. All hex does is add the letters A-F after 9. Here's what counting looks like normally (decimal, which is base 10) versus hexadecimal, which is base 16:

You can use your computer's calculator to convert numbers between hex/decimal easily. All values in the game, whether they are measurements of distance or time, are counted in hex.

4.

Copying a room to edit. It's time to finally make your first edit to the ROM with HxD. We're gonna copy & paste a chunk of bytes, then explain what every byte or set of bytes in the chunk does. The room we're gonna copy is 792B3, which is one of the acid hallways in Crateria. Take a look at the room list again real quick:

Notice that the next entry below it is 792FD. Got it? Good.

Now in HxD, Goto offset 792B3 and select/highlight the bytes exactly as shown here in dark blue:

Underlined red: address 792B3

Underlined green: address 792FD

Underlined pink: "Block" tells you the start and end address of the bytes you currently have selected; notice it only goes up to 792FC, since the next room is 792FD. "Length" tells you how many bytes are currently selected/highlighted blue. In the screenshot it's 4A, which is 74 in decimal.

Right-click on these selected bytes and click "Copy" (or press Ctrl+C). This copies the bytes to your clipboard like any other text. Start scrolling down until you find nothing but a bunch of FF FF FF FF bytes, which is what free space in the ROM looks like. In an unedited Super Metroid ROM, the first line of free space below where we copied is at offset 7E9A0, so go ahead Goto that address. At 7E9A0, right-click and select "Paste Write" (or use the Ctrl+B hotkey). NEVER use "Paste Insert" or Ctrl+V to paste bytes in HxD. This kills the ROM. Specifically, it alters the filesize of the ROM by inserting completely new data and mis-aligning everything else below it. Not good. If you accidentally press Ctrl+V instead of Ctrl+B though, don't worry, HxD will give you a warning pop-up.

This is what your pasted data should look like now:

Click "File > Save" (or press Ctrl+S), and the red bytes will change back to black once saved.

HxD CRASH WARNING: there is a small chance of causing SMILE to crash (close itself without warning), which can happen if you have unsaved edits (shown as red bytes) made in HxD, and then try to make edits with SMILE or run QuickMet. You'll need to save the ROM with HxD first before using SMILE again (or close & re-open without saving). HxD says *Modified* at the very bottom-right of the window if there unsaved edits made, but it's not completely reliable. Making an edit, then using Undo will make the *Modified* notice disappear, but still cause SMILE to crash.

This potential crash is caused by a feature in HxD that auto-updates the displayed hex data if changes are made to the ROM by other programs. Other hex editors that don't auto-update (such as XVI32) will not have this crash risk. The main symptom of this error is every single room and tileset in SMILE appearing totally blacked out. If this happens to you, close and re-open the ROM with HxD, then refresh the room with SMILE to fix it. Saving the ROM with HxD will also work to fix this error, but you shouldn't. You don't wanna save some accidental or forgotten edit that causes weird and unexpected bugs later on down the road, do you? Never save without knowing exactly what you've edited. You can crash the whole game by getting just a single byte wrong. It's intense.

ABOUT DOLLAR SIGNS: when a number is counted in hex, it is supposed to have a dollar sign in front of it, while decimal numbers should obviously never use the dollar sign. However, you should always assume that any numbers that people throw around while discussing Super Metroid hacking are counted in hex, even without the dollar sign.

ABOUT OFFSET PREFIXES: some people choose to prefix offsets with "0x" or extra zeroes in their documentation, or when they give information directly to others (e.g., saying 0x7E9A0, 0x07E9A0, or 0007E9A0 instead of just 7E9A0). This is an intended way of doing it, but as with using $ for numbers counted in hex, it becomes assumed over time, and so people usually won't bother with writing it out.

5.

Add your copied room to SMILE's room list. You might already know where this is going. Your copied room was pasted at 7E9A0, so now we have to make 7E9A0 an option in SMILE's room list.

In your SMILE RF folder, browse to \Files\Data and open up the mdb.txt file that's in there. The top lines of the file will look like this:

'Crateria'
791F8
792B3
792FD
etc...

Looks familiar, right? The contents of SMILE's room list is determined by what's in this text file. So, all you'll need to do here is add 7E9A0 to the list. It can be anywhere you want, but I'm gonna put it at the very top since it can be moved later.

'Crateria'
7E9A0 <--
791F8
792B3
792FD
etc...

With that done, save mdb.txt, then close and re-open SMILE (or just re-open the ROM). Now check out the room list. Success!

That's that. You've made a total copy of room 792B3. Right now, any edits you make to one room will affect the other, which we'll fix soon. This is because rooms 792B3 and 7E9A0 share all of the same pointers. More on those later. Before that, we still need to go over those bytes that we pasted earlier.

6.

Room header format.

It's important to know that in this example, it's not the values themselves that matter, because those will mostly be different for each room, but their order. All room headers must follow the same order, starting with the room index, and ending with the door pointer. The length of a room header can vary, depending on how many doors and extra room states it has. I chose room 792B3 because it has one extra room state. The purpose of room states is making the room change after a certain event elsewhere is triggered, such as killing a boss or collecting a certain item. Room states are what make the landing site rainy at the start of the game, but later have different music and no rain.

These are the hex bytes for room 792B3 that you copy/pasted: 01 00 12 02 05 01 70 A0 00 F9 92 12 E6 00 DF 92 E6 E5 E8 D6 C2 00 00 00 E0 80 7A 84 A1 80 C1 C1 00 00 00 00 00 00 58 80 99 B8 D3 91 E8 D6 C2 00 09 05 E0 80 7A 84 A1 80 C1 C1 00 00 00 00 00 00 58 80 99 B8 D3 91 46 89 52 89

Now, here are those same exact bytes, arranged vertically and labeled:

THIS COLOR = required values (default room state, "Standard 1")
THIS COLOR = optional values (extra room state, "Events 1")

01        <-- Room index
00        <-- Room area
12        <-- X on map
02        <-- Y on map
05        <-- Width of room
01        <-- Height of room
70        <-- Up scroller value
A0        <-- Down scroller value
00        <-- Special Graphics Bitflag
F9 92     <-- Door Out pointer

12 E6     <-- Events 1 pointer
00        <-- Event value to trigger Events 1 room state
DF 92     <-- Pointer to Events 1's room pointers

E6 E5     <-- Standard 1 pointer
E8 D6 C2  <-- Level data pointer for Standard 1 room state
00        <-- Tileset
00        <-- Song Set
00        <-- Play Index
E0 80     <-- FX pointer
7A 84     <-- Enemy Set pointer
A1 80     <-- Enemy GFX pointer
C1 C1     <-- Background X/Y scrolling
00 00     <-- Room Scrolls pointer
00 00     <-- Unused pointer
00 00     <-- Main ASM pointer
58 80     <-- PLM Set pointer
99 B8     <-- Background pointer
D3 91     <-- Setup ASM pointer

E8 D6 C2  <-- Level data pointer for Events 1 room state.
00        <-- Tileset
09        <-- Song Set
05        <-- Play Index
E0 80     <-- FX pointer
7A 84     <-- Enemy Set pointer
A1 80     <-- Enemy GFX pointer
C1 C1     <-- Background X/Y scrolling
00 00     <-- Room Scrolls pointer
00 00     <-- Unused pointer
00 00     <-- Main ASM pointer
58 80     <-- PLM Set pointer
99 B8     <-- Background pointer
D3 91     <-- Setup ASM pointer

46 89     <-- Pointer to door data in bank $83 (door $00).
52 89     <-- Pointer to door data in bank $83 (door $01).

Here are those hex bytes yet again, but this time with all of the optional blue bytes taken out: 01 00 12 02 05 01 70 A0 00 F9 92 E6 E5 E8 D6 C2 00 00 00 E0 80 7A 84 A1 80 C1 C1 00 00 00 00 00 00 58 80 99 B8 D3 91 46 89 52 89 - this would give you a version of room 792B3 with no extra Events 1 state, only Standard 1. All rooms in Super Metroid must have a Standard 1 state.

If this room header still doesn't make sense to you, look at SMILE RF's Room MDB tab pictured below. Specifically, the hex values that are in all of the editable text fields under "Room Header" and "Pointers", and how they match up with the values in the room header data above:

The Room MDB tab's main purpose is to edit the room header. Nice. The pointers are also all there.

If you're also confused about room states, don't worry, those haven't been fully explained yet either (see events). You can select "Events 1" or "Standard 1" from the neon-green menu to see that Events 1 simply switches to a different set of pointers, which is everything in the pale green boxes underneath "Pointers". Ingame, this alternate pointer set can activate whenever you want it to.

7.

Pointers, pointers, pointers...

Pointers are everywhere in this game. There are sometimes pointers to pointers to pointers, but that's only for more advanced stuff that we won't be doing in this guide. So, what is a pointer? It's exactly what it sounds like. A pointer points to data elsewhere. The value that you enter for a pointer is actually a LoROM address, which is converted to a PC address that you can Goto with HxD.

You could also think of a pointer as a redirect. In the screenshot above, the Level Data pointer is C2D6E8. You can't contain all of the room's tiling and BTS data in the room header, because that can take easily thousands of bytes, so instead you stick all of that raw data somewhere else in the ROM, then point to the address where you pasted it, like we did earlier when we copied the data at 792B3 and pasted it at 7E9A0.

The Level Data pointer C2D6E8 is a LoROM address that converts to a PC address of 2156E8. Click on the white text field for it in SMILE, and you'll see the conversion appear in the "LoROM" and "PC" boxes underneath all of the pointers for yourself. You can type addresses in these boxes to convert them as well (NOTE: for the PC text field, to convert addresses shorter than 6 digits, you'll will need to add extra zeroes to make it 6 digits long; example: 07E9A0 or 00FF00). If you were to Goto 2156E8 in your hex editor, you'd find compressed level data that would be pointless to modify with a hex editor, because SMILE automatically does all of that as you build rooms.

IMPORTANT: offsets that make a pointer of 7FFF or lower must have 8000 added. Example: LoROM address $B4:F4C0 converts to PC address 1A74C0, but 74C0 wouldn't work as an Enemy Set pointer, so you'd add 8000 to make it F4C0.

Here are some common pointers. Most of these are covered throughout part 2:

• Level Data pointer / room expansion
• Background pointer / layer 2 backgrounds
• Room Scrolls / room dimensions
• Doors / door data / add extra doors to a room
• Setup ASM pointer (optional extra code to run once after a room loads)
• Main ASM (optional code to run constantly every frame after a room loads)
• FX / Layer 3 pointer (room and palette effects)
• Unused pointer (does nothing)
• PLM Set pointer / add extra PLMs to a room
• Enemy Set pointer / add extra enemies to a room
• Enemy GFX pointer / add extra types of enemies to a room
• Enemy Drops pointer (ammo/energy pick-up chances from enemies)
• Enemy Palette pointer (enemy's default colors)
• Enemy Weaknesses pointer (weapon vulnerabilities)
• Beta enemy names pointer (useless data)

The method of repointing is mostly the same among the all of different pointers (and the concept itself is pretty simple). It also doesn't matter at all which order you repoint room data in.

REALLY REALLY IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT BANKS

Pretty soon, you will be seeing a lot of mention of banks in this guide. If you've been reading this guide in order, you should already know how to count in hexadecimal, and how to convert between PC/LoROM addresses. That's all you need to know to understand banks.

Super Metroid is divided into banks, and every bank is exactly $8000 bytes in size (32,768 bytes if you're counting in decimal). Super Metroid's ROM type is LoROM, so this means that its maximum bank range is $80-FF. By default, Super Metroid only uses banks $80-DF, but banks $E0-FF can be easily added in with SMILE and used for level data, tileset data, graphics, and other stuff, since the original game never needed to use that extra data. Because the first bank is $80, it occupies LoROM addresses $80:0000-$80:7FFF. Bank $81 then begins at LoROM address $81:8000 and ends at $81:FFFF. Bank $82 is LoROM addresses $82:0000-$82:7FFF, and so on.

Example: earlier we went to offset 791F8 in a hex editor, which is the room with Samus's ship in it. PC address 791F8 converts to LoROM address $8F:91F8, meaning that the room header is located in bank $8F.

LoROM addresses will always be six digits long and begin with 80-FF, while PC addresses can be between one and six digits long. There are also RAM addresses, but those only come into play when you're programming assembly, so they won't really be mentioned much in this guide. Any time that there is an address/data given to you (hex edits or whatever), it will be either a LoROM or PC address. This guide mostly uses PC addresses for simplicity, since that's what HxD and TLP need for their Goto functions.

Notice that in SMILE RF's mint-green pointers list, that LoROM addresses are shown. Usually, a pointer is just the last 4 digits of a LoROM address. Clicking on one of the pointers will show its PC address counterpart in the box below the pointer list.

Here's a quick list of every bank and its address range, and then a brief description of each bank's contents. Thanks PJBoy and GF_Kennon for most of the info below:

Bank $##        LoROM address          PC address        Bank description
Bank $80      $80:0000-$80:7FFF      $0-7FFF             Game setup, intros, save station data, other important stuff.
Bank $81      $81:8000-$81:FFFF      $8000-FFFF          Map data, save data, sprite drawing routines, etc.
Bank $82      $82:0000-$82:7FFF      $10000-17FFF        Load areas, pause data, game states, HDMA, demo setup, Samus dying, room setup, etc.
Bank $83      $83:8000-$83:FFFF      $18000-1FFFF        FX Data, door data, FX 'Animated Tiles' and 'Palette Setup' setup.
Bank $84      $84:0000-$84:7FFF      $20000-27FFF        PLM setup, PLM data, probably other stuff.
Bank $85      $85:8000-$85:FFFF      $28000-2FFFF        Message boxes from PLMs and Samus's ship.
Bank $86      $86:0000-$86:7FFF      $30000-37FFF        Enemy projectiles, enemy drops setup.
Bank $87      $87:8000-$87:FFFF      $38000-3FFFF        FX graphics, golden boss statue graphics.
Bank $88      $88:0000-$88:7FFF      $40000-47FFF        DMA/HDMA stuff, power bomb explosions, Crateria scrolling sky, etc.
Bank $89      $89:8000-$89:FFFF      $48000-4FFFF        Item graphics, palette blends, FX color math stuff.
Bank $8A      $8A:0000-$8A:7FFF      $50000-57FFF        FX tilemaps, free space.
Bank $8B      $8B:8000-$8B:FFFF      $58000-5FFFF        Screen fades, OAM stuff, title setup, ending and credits stuff, etc.
Bank $8C      $8C:0000-$8C:7FFF      $60000-67FFF        Intro & menu tilemaps, ending tilemaps, etc.
Bank $8D      $8D:8000-$8D:FFFF      $68000-6FFFF        FX palettes, cheat for damage in heated rooms, etc.
Bank $8E      $8E:0000-$8E:7FFF      $70000-77FFF        Main menu palettes and graphics, etc.
Bank $8F      $8F:8000-$8F:FFFF      $78000-7FFFF        Room headers, PLM Set data, Background data, Room Scrolls data, etc.

Bank $90      $90:0000-$90:7FFF      $80000-87FFF        Samus's animations/movement/weapons, shinesparking, minimap, hitbox collision, etc.
Bank $91      $91:8000-$91:FFFF      $88000-8FFFF        Samus's movement transitions/frame delays, other Samus data, demo inputs, etc.
Bank $92      $92:0000-$92:7FFF      $90000-97FFF        Animation pointer tables, animation data, tilemaps, etc.
Bank $93      $93:8000-$93:FFFF      $98000-9FFFF        Samus's beam animation tilemaps.
Bank $94      $94:0000-$94:7FFF      $A0000-A7FFF        BTS collision, start of "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $95      $95:8000-$95:FFFF      $A8000-AFFFF        "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $96      $96:0000-$96:7FFF      $B0000-B7FFF        "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $97      $97:8000-$97:FFFF      $B8000-BFFFF        "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $98      $98:0000-$98:7FFF      $C0000-C7FFF        "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $99      $99:8000-$99:FFFF      $C8000-CFFFF        "Special GFX" in SMILE.
Bank $9A      $9A:0000-$9A:7FFF      $D0000-D7FFF        Grapple graphics, layer FX graphics, beam graphics, common sprite graphics, etc.
Bank $9B      $9B:8000-$9B:FFFF      $D8000-DFFFF        Samus's graphics.
Bank $9C      $9C:0000-$9C:7FFF      $E0000-E7FFF        Samus's graphics.
Bank $9D      $9D:8000-$9D:FFFF      $E8000-EFFFF        Samus's graphics.
Bank $9E      $9E:0000-$9E:7FFF      $F0000-F7FFF        Samus's graphics.
Bank $9F      $9F:8000-$9F:FFFF      $F8000-FFFFF        Samus's graphics.

Bank $A0      $A0:0000-$A0:7FFF      $100000-107FFF      Lots of common enemy routines, enemy header data, free space.
Bank $A1      $A1:8000-$A1:FFFF      $108000-10FFFF      Enemy GFX pointer data, free space.
Bank $A2      $A2:0000-$A2:7FFF      $110000-117FFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A3      $A3:8000-$A3:FFFF      $118000-11FFFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A4      $A4:8000-$A4:7FFF      $120000-127FFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A5      $A5:8000-$A5:FFFF      $128000-12FFFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A6      $A6:8000-$A6:7FFF      $130000-137FFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A7      $A7:8000-$A7:FFFF      $138000-13FFFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A8      $A8:8000-$A8:7FFF      $140000-147FFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $A9      $A9:8000-$A9:FFFF      $148000-14FFFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $AA      $AA:8000-$AA:7FFF      $150000-157FFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $AB      $AB:8000-$AB:FFFF      $158000-15FFFF      Enemy AI.
Bank $AC      $AC:8000-$AC:7FFF      $160000-167FFF      Enemy graphics.
Bank $AD      $AD:8000-$AD:FFFF      $168000-16FFFF      Enemy graphics.
Bank $AE      $AE:8000-$AE:7FFF      $170000-177FFF      Enemy graphics.
Bank $AF      $AF:0000-$AF:FFFF      $178000-17FFFF      Enemy graphics.

Bank $B0      $B0:0000-$B0:7FFF      $180000-187FFF      Enemy graphics.
Bank $B1      $B1:8000-$B1:FFFF      $188000-18FFFF      Enemy graphics.
Bank $B2      $B2:0000-$B2:7FFF      $190000-197FFF      Space pirate hitboxes, also tilemaps(?), etc.
Bank $B3      $B3:8000-$B3:FFFF      $198000-19FFFF      Miscellaneous enemy/boss stuff (i.e, Botwoon's destroyed wall), etc.
Bank $B4      $B4:0000-$B4:7FFF      $1A0000-1A7FFF      Enemy Set pointer data, debug stuff, enemy instructions/weaknesses/drops.
Bank $B5      $B5:8000-$B5:FFFF      $1A8000-1AFFFF      Area map tilemaps, free space.
Bank $B6      $B6:0000-$B6:7FFF      $1B0000-1B7FFF      Graphics and tilemaps for the equipment/map/title screens.
Bank $B7      $B7:8000-$B7:FFFF      $1B8000-1BFFFF      Enemy graphics (Tourian enemies, Botwoon, etc.)
Bank $B8      $B8:0000-$B8:7FFF      $1C0000-1C7FFF      Free space (unused bank).
Bank $B9      $B9:8000-$B9:FFFF      $1C8000-1CFFFF      CRE graphics/table, Background pointer tilemaps.
Bank $BA      $BA:0000-$BA:7FFF      $1D0000-1D7FFF      Background pointer tilemaps, tileset graphics.
Bank $BB      $BB:8000-$BB:FFFF      $1D8000-1DFFFF      Tileset graphics.
Bank $BC      $BC:0000-$BC:7FFF      $1E0000-1E7FFF      Tileset graphics.
Bank $BD      $BD:8000-$BD:FFFF      $1E8000-1EFFFF      Tileset graphics.
Bank $BE      $BE:0000-$BE:7FFF      $1F0000-1F7FFF      Tileset graphics.
Bank $BF      $BF:8000-$BF:FFFF      $1F8000-1FFFFF      Tileset graphics.

Bank $C0      $C0:0000-$C0:7FFF      $200000-207FFF      Tileset graphics.
Bank $C1      $C1:8000-$C1:FFFF      $208000-20FFFF      Tileset graphics, tileset tables, etc.
Bank $C2      $C2:0000-$C2:7FFF      $210000-217FFF      Tileset tables, tileset palettes, level data.
Bank $C3      $C3:8000-$C3:FFFF      $218000-21FFFF      Level data.
Bank $C4      $C4:0000-$C4:7FFF      $220000-227FFF      Level data.
Bank $C5      $C5:8000-$C5:FFFF      $228000-22FFFF      Level data.
Bank $C6      $C6:0000-$C6:7FFF      $230000-237FFF      Level data.
Bank $C7      $C7:8000-$C7:FFFF      $238000-23FFFF      Level data.
Bank $C8      $C8:0000-$C8:7FFF      $240000-247FFF      Level data.
Bank $C9      $C9:8000-$C9:FFFF      $248000-24FFFF      Level data.
Bank $CA      $CA:0000-$CA:7FFF      $250000-257FFF      Level data.
Bank $CB      $CB:8000-$CB:FFFF      $258000-25FFFF      Level data.
Bank $CC      $CC:0000-$CC:7FFF      $260000-267FFF      Level data.
Bank $CD      $CD:8000-$CD:FFFF      $268000-26FFFF      Level data.
Bank $CE      $CE:0000-$CE:7FFF      $270000-277FFF      Level data.
Bank $CF      $CF:8000-$CF:FFFF      $278000-27FFFF      Music/audio setup.

Bank $D0      $D0:0000-$D0:7FFF      $280000-287FFF      Music data.
Bank $D1      $D1:8000-$D1:FFFF      $288000-28FFFF      Music data.
Bank $D2      $D2:0000-$D2:7FFF      $290000-297FFF      Music data.
Bank $D3      $D3:8000-$D3:FFFF      $298000-29FFFF      Music data.
Bank $D4      $D4:0000-$D4:7FFF      $2A0000-2A7FFF      Music data.
Bank $D5      $D5:8000-$D5:FFFF      $2A8000-2AFFFF      Music data.
Bank $D6      $D6:0000-$D6:7FFF      $2B0000-2B7FFF      Music data.
Bank $D7      $D7:8000-$D7:FFFF      $2B8000-2BFFFF      Music data.
Bank $D8      $D8:0000-$D8:7FFF      $2C0000-2C7FFF      Music data.
Bank $D9      $D9:8000-$D9:FFFF      $2C8000-2CFFFF      Music data.
Bank $DA      $DA:0000-$DA:7FFF      $2D0000-2D7FFF      Music data.
Bank $DB      $DB:8000-$DB:FFFF      $2D8000-2DFFFF      Music data.
Bank $DC      $DC:0000-$DC:7FFF      $2E0000-2E7FFF      Music data.
Bank $DD      $DD:8000-$DD:FFFF      $2E8000-2EFFFF      Music data.
Bank $DE      $DE:0000-$DE:7FFF      $2F0000-2F7FFF      Music data.
Bank $DF      $DF:8000-$DF:FFFF      $2F8000-2FFFFF      Unused songs, note length table, ASDR settings, tracker, etc.

Banks $E0-FF must be added by SMILE ("ROM" > "Expand ROM") before they can be seen in a hex editor.

Bank $E0      $E0:0000-$E0:7FFF      $300000-307FFF      Free space
Bank $E1      $E1:8000-$E1:FFFF      $308000-30FFFF      Free space
Bank $E2      $E2:0000-$E2:7FFF      $310000-317FFF      Free space
Bank $E3      $E3:8000-$E3:FFFF      $318000-31FFFF      Free space
Bank $E4      $E4:0000-$E4:7FFF      $320000-327FFF      Free space
Bank $E5      $E5:8000-$E5:FFFF      $328000-32FFFF      Free space
Bank $E6      $E6:0000-$E6:7FFF      $330000-337FFF      Free space
Bank $E7      $E7:8000-$E7:FFFF      $338000-33FFFF      Free space
Bank $E8      $E8:0000-$E8:7FFF      $340000-347FFF      Free space
Bank $E9      $E9:8000-$E9:FFFF      $348000-34FFFF      Free space
Bank $EA      $EA:0000-$EA:7FFF      $350000-357FFF      Free space
Bank $EB      $EB:8000-$EB:FFFF      $358000-35FFFF      Free space
Bank $EC      $EC:0000-$EC:7FFF      $360000-367FFF      Free space
Bank $ED      $ED:8000-$ED:FFFF      $368000-36FFFF      Free space
Bank $EE      $EE:0000-$EE:7FFF      $370000-377FFF      Free space
Bank $EF      $EF:8000-$EF:FFFF      $378000-37FFFF      Free space
Bank $F0      $F0:0000-$F0:7FFF      $380000-387FFF      Free space

Bank $F1      $F1:8000-$F1:FFFF      $388000-38FFFF      Free space
Bank $F2      $F2:0000-$F2:7FFF      $390000-397FFF      Free space
Bank $F3      $F3:8000-$F3:FFFF      $398000-39FFFF      Free space
Bank $F4      $F4:0000-$F4:7FFF      $3A0000-3A7FFF      Free space
Bank $F5      $F5:8000-$F5:FFFF      $3A8000-3AFFFF      Free space
Bank $F6      $F6:0000-$F6:7FFF      $3B0000-3B7FFF      Free space
Bank $F7      $F7:8000-$F7:FFFF      $3B8000-3BFFFF      Free space
Bank $F8      $F8:0000-$F8:7FFF      $3C0000-3C7FFF      Free space
Bank $F9      $F9:8000-$F9:FFFF      $3C8000-3CFFFF      Free space
Bank $FA      $FA:0000-$FA:7FFF      $3D0000-3D7FFF      Free space
Bank $FB      $FB:8000-$FB:FFFF      $3D8000-3DFFFF      Free space
Bank $FC      $FC:0000-$FC:7FFF      $3E0000-3E7FFF      Free space
Bank $FD      $FD:8000-$FD:FFFF      $3E8000-3EFFFF      Free space
Bank $FE      $FE:0000-$FE:7FFF      $3F0000-3F7FFF      Free space
Bank $FF      $FF:8000-$FF:FFFF      $3F8000-3FFFFF      Free space

Someday, every single byte of every bank will be documented and understood, making it possible optimize everything and make the game run more smoothly, fix bugs, and delete unused data.

8.

Level Data. If you've saved a room before already, you might have seen the "Level Editor" window title display the level data as well:

That "Compressed Size: 763 / 1244" is what you wanna be looking at. 763 = level data usage. This is how much level data the room is currently using (this number will change as you edit the room). 1244 = level data maximum. This is how much level data the room is able to use at most, i.e., 1244 / 1244 is as high as it'll possibly go before SMILE prevents you from saving as a safe-guard against accidentally overwriting another room's data, which it does by giving you a small pop-up. If you choose to not show the pop-up anymore after it appears, then you can force the room to save/overwrite anyway by pressing Ctrl+S multiple times quickly (3+).

By repointing level data, you gain full control of the level data maximum, and you'll also be separating it from room 792B3's level data. Let's do that next.

Take another look at the level data pointer. Specifically, its PC address, 2156E8.

Next, we're gonna go back to SMILE RF's \Files\Data folder again, and this time open the level_entries.txt file. Yep, the level data maximum for every room in the game is dictated by a text file, just as the room headers are dictated by what's in mdb.txt. Also like mdb, level_entries is just a big list of PC addresses. Near the very top, you should see 2156E8. The value directly beneath that is what we're looking for (215BC4), because if we subtract 1 from that, we end up with 215BC3, which is the stopping point of our room's level data. 215BC4 is the start of room 792FD's level data, which we're not copying. Here are the first 5 entries of level_entries.txt so far:

2142BB
2156E8
215BC4
216977
216B45

Similar to how we copied the header of room 792B3 and pasted it at 7E9A0 to create a new header earlier, we're going to copy the level data that's at 2156E8 and paste it somewhere else in the ROM in roughly the same way to create new level data, then point to it. Pointers! Make your selection in HxD until "Block" says 2156E8-215BC3 and "Length" says 4DC (note: 4DC = 1244 bytes in decimal, which was the level data maximum). It'll be a full two pages or so of bytes. Copy these bytes. Now, it's time to find some free space in the ROM to paste this copied level data over. There's a nice big area of free space at offset 273300, which is shown as a bunch of "FF" bytes, so go Goto that offset, paste your copied bytes with right-click > Paste Write or Ctrl+B, and then save the ROM.

See where this is going? Head back over to SMILE Type 273300 into the "PC" box, and you'll see that it gives you a LoROM address of CEB300, which is going to be your new Level Data pointer. We're not gonna change the pointer just yet, though. Go back over to HxD now, and start scrolling down until the free space ends. You'll see that the last byte of free space is at 277FFF. Alrighty. Now look back over at level_entries.txt, and scroll to the very bottom of it. Here are the last 5 entries so far:

272201
272823
272B31
272E3E
277FFF

Unlike mdb.txt, the contents of level_entries.txt must be arranged by their address, or you'll get inaccurate read-outs of what the room's level data usage/maximum is, which could cause the level data for other rooms to be overwritten.

We can see that 277FFF is the very last entry, and that the entry above it, 272E3E, is lower than 273300. So what to do? Add our new level data pointer between those two addresses, then save level_entries.txt!

272201
272823
272B31
272E3E
273300 <--
277FFF

Now, back in SMILE, change the Level Data pointer from C2D6E8 to CEB300, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button. If you did everything right, it won't look like anything happened at all after you clicked Save Pointers, but if you save the room again, you'll see that the level data usage/maximum now says "763 / 19711" instead of "763 / 1244"! That's a huge maximum, more than you will ever need for a single room. Awesome. Assuming you ever managed to create a room that was 19711 bytes, its level data would end precisely at offset 277FFF.

See what's going on now? This is how you control a room's level data maximum. All it requires is deciding on a beginning offset and ending offset, pasting a room's copied data at the beginning offset, and then placing those offsets next to each other in level_entries.txt. In this case, 273300 is the beginning offset, and 277FFF is the ending offset.

Since 19711 is way too much level data for this room to be using, let's adjust that amount by giving it a new ending point offset, which is done by simply inserting a new address between 273300 and 27FFFF. To further demonstrate how this works, I'm going to set its level data maximum to exactly 1244 bytes again - remember though, that we can freely control this maximum by changing the ending point offset to something else if the level data maximum needs to be higher than 1244 bytes. Here's what the bottom of your level_entries.txt file should look like now:

272201
272823
272B31
272E3E
273300
2737DC <--
277FFF

I came up with the address 2737DC by highlighting the hex bytes starting from 273300 and stopping once the "Length" was 4DC (1244).

So, what about the ending offset 277FFF at the very bottom, which no longer has a beginning offset associated with it? You can just leave it alone for now, and eventually give it a beginning offset for the next room that you repoint the level data for. If 7E9A0's level data usage never goes above 1244, then the next room's level data pointer could be 2737DC.

Rooms 792B3 and 7E9A0 now have separate level data. Now you can edit 7E9A0's room structure without affecting 792B3's. That's cool and all, but everything else is still shared. Everything else. There's a lot of repointing left to do, but from now on, the hex editing is going to be a lot simpler than copying the room header and level data was. Surprise! Worst part's over. All of the other pointers deal in smaller amounts of data that are easy to memorize, and they don't require you to edit .TXT files.

9.

Background pointer. Points to a ready-made background that is a single screen in size. If this pointer is set to 0000, then the room will not use a ready-made background at all, and will instead require a custom layer 2 background, which is part of the room's level data.

Ready-made backgrounds: each tileset has a few ready-made backgrounds that work only with that particular tileset. These backgrounds are limited to 1 screen in size, and so are best designed in a way that looks good while repeating in the background as Samus travels through the room. The advantage of using a ready-made background pointer is that the background is loaded separately from the level data, which means that more level data is saved overall if multiple rooms use the same background pointer. Super Metroid shares background pointers often. The "Edit BG Data" button that's in the Tiles & BTS tab will bring up an editor that allows you to modify any ready-made background that's currently being pointed to by the Background pointer.

How to use a layer 2 background in a room that doesn't have one: change the room's Background pointer to 0000, make certain that the Overwrite Data checkbox is unchecked, and then click the Save Pointers button. After that, click the "Add Layer 2" button, check the "Layer 2" checkbox in the Tiles & BTS tab, then save the room. This will automatically uncheck the BG Data box next to it and disable the Edit BG Data button. It also fills the whole background of your room with the first CRE tile, which by default is the top of a yellow power bomb door. Hide layer 1 (hotkey: F1) and erase those yellow door tiles with a blank air tile, then design whatever background you want for that room only.

WARNING: before adding a layer 2 background, make certain that there's enough extra level data! You may need to repoint the room's level data before you can add a layer 2 background. Because layer 2 backgrounds are part of the room's level data, they can be as complex as you want them to be. Most people choose layer 2 backgrounds instead of ready-mades for this reason.

How to switch from a layer 2 background to a ready-made background: change the Background pointer from 0000 to the desired ready-made pointer (there's a full list below), then uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox and click the "Save Pointers" button. After that, click the "Delete Layer 2" button, check the "BG Data" checkbox and then save the room.

REMEMBER: background pointers from different areas/tilesets won't look right, because the tile tables aren't arranged the same way for every tileset (e.g., a Background pointer from a red Brinstar room won't look right if used in a Crateria room).

OPTIONAL: you can save some space in bank $8F by deleting some ready-made background instructions. Here is a list them all.

Let's set this room up with a layer 2 background that can be designed later. First, make a decent-sized selection of blank air tiles from somewhere in the room (right click + drag):

In the Room MDB tab, change the Background pointer from B899 to 0000, then uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox and click the "Save Pointers" button.

Go over to the Tiles & BTS tab and check the "Layer 2" checkbox, then click the "Add Layer 2" button. This fills the background with the very first CRE tile, which by default is the upper portion of a yellow power bomb door:

Press the F1 key (or click "Preferences > View > Layers > uncheck Layer 1") to hide layer 1, which is the foreground layer. Now use the selection of blank air tiles you made earlier to 'erase' all of the power bomb door pieces, until the backround of the whole room is completely black:

Once you've finished erasing all of the yellow door pieces from the background, press F1 again to unhide layer 1, then save the room.

All that remains now is to actually design the background, which will be done later.

10.

Decide on room size and map placement. Open up the Map Editor window and decide where you want to place room 7E9A0. Currently, it's just to the left of the landing site (pink arrow), but I've decided that I want it to be to the right of it instead (pink square):

I also want it to connect to three different rooms, for reasons which will become clear later. This means that the room will need to become square shaped, instead of being the long hallway that it currently is. To do that, we just need to change the room's width and height. Go over to the Room MDB tab and change the Width from $5 to $3, and the Height from $1 to $3, then save the room.

You might have noticed that this cut off the right side of the room, including some enemies. Click "Tools > Offscreen Enemies To Screen" to bring the enemies back into view. There is an option to do the same with PLMs as well. Also, we don't need the current level data for anything anymore, so let's wipe that too by clicking "Tools > Clear Room Tilemap". Now, both layers 1 and 2 are completely blacked out.

Look back over at the map editor:

We can see that our room is now a white square on the map. Cool. Next, hold your keyboard's M key and move your mouse cursor to place the white square as seen below. In the room header, it'll say X = $22 and Y = $01. Click the "Save Map" button, and then save the room also. If you already know what you want the room to look like, you could place the blue map tiles for it now, but we'll worry about that later in the guide.

11.

Create a basic outline/skeleton of your room. Select a single solid block from the tile table and draw out the room's general shape. It might help to decide on the location of its doors first, then build around them, which is what I'm going to do. Earlier I said I wanted room 7E9A0 to connect to three different rooms, which means it needs at least three doors.

Here is what my room skeleton is looking like so far (viewed at 8x8 level tile size):

OPTIONAL: here are the level data bytes for my room skeleton in the screenshot above. You can copy/paste-write these to offset 273300 with HxD, then save the ROM. After that, reload room 7E9A0 in SMILE:

01 00 12 E9 3D 5F 80 E8 3F FF 00 F8 4F 50 D7 60 E8 57 FF 00 F8 59 5A F8 B5 60 8F 36 01 F8 4D C0 F0 5D 20 01 F0 5D 1A 01 F0 59 08 01 EA 67 5F 80 F0 3F 8A 03 DD 28 F0 3F 82 03 F0 4D 70 01 F8 23 FE F0 3D 34 01 F8 21 FE F0 3F 34 01 F8 29 60 F0 55 A8 01 F8 5F 60 C7 E2 F0 59 A6 01 F0 41 3A 01 DF FE FA E3 60 9F A4 09 F0 41 C2 09 F0 27 38 03 F0 69 0C 09 F0 25 34 01 F0 39 7E 08 F0 25 32 01 F0 37 BE 07 F0 27 30 01 F0 37 5E 07 F0 25 2E 01 D9 A2 9F 28 01 F0 25 2C 01 F8 2D 40 F8 21 20 F0 29 A8 07 F8 35 60 F8 61 40 F0 27 20 01 F8 CB 60 E7 FF 00 E7 FF 00 E4 FF 00 EB FF FF 00 FB FF FE FB FF FE FB FF FE F9 FF FE 00 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

12.

Decide how many doors the room will have, then give the room its own Doors pointer.

Each door uses 12 bytes of data in bank $83, and 2 bytes of data in bank $8F.

You'll need to give room 7E9A0 its own doors, which will require a small amount of hex editing, and some free space in bank $8F. Start by going to offset 7E9E6, which is the perfect address to use for this room's Doors pointer. The four bytes that are already at this spot, "46 89 52 89" are pointers to both of room 792B3's doors in bank $83, which we can replace with pointers to new doors since we're not editing room 792B3.

Let's look at these bytes more closely. Always remember that groups of two, three and four bytes are read in reverse-order from how you would see them in SMILE. Those bytes at 7E9E6, seen as 46 89 and 52 89, are actually flipped around to make up the pointers 8946 and 8952, which themselves are just part of a LoROM address in bank $83. This gives us $83:8946 (door #00) and $83:8952 (door #01), which, if you convert them to PC addresses, gives you 18946 and 18952, which you can Goto with HxD. Let's go to 18946 and see what's there.

Knowing that each door uses 12 bytes, we can see that there are 12 bytes here between offsets 18946 and 18952 (which is 0C bytes if you're counting in hex). Room 792B3 only has two doors, so we can know for sure that if we selected the 12 bytes after offset 18946, along with the 12 bytes after offset 18952, these 24 bytes altogether are all we would need to select if we wanted to copy both doors. We only need to copy one door, though:

Copy these bytes (block: 18946-18951) to your clipboard, then scroll down until you find free space. The first line of free space is 1AD70, which is where I'm gonna paste. Since room 7E9A0 will need at least three doors, I will need to paste the door data at least three times. You'll also need to note the offset that each door is pasted at, which I've underlined in the next picture:

Underlined green: first door ($00), pasted at offset 1AD70 (LoROM address/pointer: $83:AD70)

Underlined pink: second door ($01), pasted at offset 1AD7C (LoROM address/pointer: $83:AD7C)

Underlined blue: third door ($02), pasted at offset 1AD88 (LoROM address/pointer: $83:AD88)

Remember how each byte (or set of bytes) of the room header does its own little job setting up the room? Well, the 12-byte string of data for each door is the same way, but not as complex, and mostly edited automatically by SMILE. The 12 bytes of door data that you copied are F8 91 00 04 01 26 00 02 00 80 97 B9, which become a lot simpler if we lay them out vertically:

F8 91  <-- Room ID
00     <-- Bitflag
04     <-- Direction
01     <-- Door cap X
26     <-- Door cap Y
00     <-- Screen X
02     <-- Screen Y
00 80  <-- Distance to spawn
97 B9  <-- Door ASM pointer

With your three doors pasted to free space in bank $83 at 1AD70, 1AD7C and 1AD88, let's go back to the free space in bank $8F that we'll be using as our new Doors pointer, which is at 7E9E6. The bytes that are already there, 46 89 52 89, are pointers to two doors as we already know, which we need to change so that they point to the three new doors that we just pasted instead.

You'll need to know the offset of each door that you pasted, because here is where they will need to be entered in. These are underlined in the above screenshot in green/pink/blue. The pointers are AD70, AD7C and AD88, which will need their byte-order reversed, leaving us with 70 AD, 7C AD, and 88 AD, which we will enter in as a byte string of 70 AD 7C AD 88 AD 00 00. The 00 00 at the end is required to stop the pointers from being read by the door processing code:

Save the ROM with HxD, then go back over to SMILE.

In SMILE, change the Doors pointer from 92F9 to E9E6 for room 7E9A0, make sure the "Overwrite Data" checkbox is unchecked, then click the "Save Pointers" button.

Right click on an air tile and change it into a door tile using the selected tile scroller, then set your cursor on that door tile and press Ctrl+D to bring up the door editor window. In it, you should see the three doors that we pasted in bank $83 and pointed to in bank $8F (AD70, AD7C and AD88). Also, in the 9 pale yellow text fields, you'll see the 12 door bytes that we copy/pasted earlier:

This confirms that we've repointed the doors correctly. Close the door editor window for now. You can also change the door tile back to air.

13.

Give your doors their graphics and BTS. There are two ways you can do this. The first way, which is what I usually do, is to just copy a door's graphics/BTS from another room and change its BTS numbers if needed. The second way is to make them from scratch. Let's do it from scratch first and learn a few things.

In the Clipboard section of SMILE RF's Tiles & BTS main window tab, check the "Graphic Only" checkbox, then right-click + drag to select graphics from the Tile Table window, and left-click to place them in the level editor. You'll need to X-Flip as well:

Once the door graphics are placed, check the "BTS Only" checkbox. Right-click one of the four very bottom tiles of the door tunnel, then change its BTS type into a door using the selected tile scroller:

Right-click the newly-created door-type tile, then left-click on the other three door tunnel tiles to change them into door-types also. The four tiles above those (highlighted green in the picture below) must be air, although it's actually fine if the shootable blue bubble is placed there instead, which we'll do later, to door $01. The door we're working on right now is door $00.

If you've looked at any of the rooms in the game before, then you've surely seen the red numbers that are drawn over certain tiles. All door tiles with a BTS number higher than $00 will have them. These BTS numbers can be applied by placing your mouse cursor over any tile, then typing a value between 0-9 and A-F, or by dragging + dropping from the BTS text field. Start by giving the leftmost blue bubble a BTS number of 42, and then changing its BTS type to Shot:

The other three door tiles will need to be given BTS numbers of FF, FE and FD. Their BTS type will need to be H-copy for left/right doors, and V-copy for ceiling/floor doors. Here are the BTS numbers and BTS types that door $00 should have right now:

The door would now open normally if you shot it, but since it hasn't been properly connected to a room yet, going through it still won't work. Let's set up the graphics/BTS for doors $01 and $02 next. It won't take nearly as long, now that you know how to edit the BTS number and BTS type of a tile. For door $01, let's make it a bit different, by excluding the air tiles between the shootable blue bubble and the door BTS.

Uncheck the "Graphic Only" and "BTS Only" checkboxes, then in the level editor, right-click + drag to select all but the bottom four tiles of the door, then left-click to place them where door $01 is. Now, change this new door's bottom four tiles into door BTS, but give them a BTS number of $01. That's it for this one! Save the room.

And for the last door, just go to any room that has a right-facing door in it and copy the whole door, then go back to room 7E9A0 and left-click place the door. It'll stay on the clipboard even after you load a different room. Change its four red BTS numbers to 02, and you're done. Save the room again.

This is what my room looks like so far:

OPTIONAL: here are the level data bytes again, this time with the three doors added in:

01 00 12 E9 3D 5F 80 E8 3F FF 00 F8 4F 50 D7 60 E8 57 FF 00 05 5F 80 40 94 0C C4 E8 59 FF 00 05 5F 80 60 94 2C D4 F8 5C 60 02 9C 2C DC F0 51 96 01 87 3E 01 04 5F 80 40 9C 0C F8 48 60 F0 5D 20 01 F0 5D 1A 01 F0 59 08 01 EA 67 5F 80 F0 3F 8A 03 DD 28 F0 3F 82 03 F0 4D 70 01 F8 23 FE F0 3D 34 01 F8 21 FE F0 3F 34 01 F8 29 60 F0 55 A8 01 F8 5F 60 C7 E2 F0 59 A6 01 F0 41 3A 01 DF FE FA E3 60 9F A4 09 F0 41 C2 09 F0 27 38 03 F0 69 0C 09 F0 25 34 01 F0 39 7E 08 F0 25 32 01 F0 37 BE 07 F0 27 30 01 F0 37 5E 07 F0 25 2E 01 D9 A2 9F 28 01 F0 25 2C 01 F8 2D 40 F8 21 20 F0 29 A8 07 F8 35 60 F8 41 40 07 1D C4 1C 54 1C 50 1D 50 F0 3F 08 01 D7 C0 00 43 43 04 42 01 00 43 F0 38 69 04 DF A0 00 63 43 94 62 02 90 63 90 F8 37 C0 00 43 43 94 42 01 90 43 CC 40 E5 1F 00 01 02 41 F8 2E 30 00 FF F8 2E 60 00 FE F8 2E 90 00 FD E7 FF 00 E6 C3 00 02 42 FF FE F0 4C B3 13 F8 2F 50 23 01 25 00 EB FF FF 00 FB FF FE FB FF FE FB FF FE F9 FF FE 00 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

14.

Add a new door to each of the three adjoining rooms. To do this, you will need to repoint the doors for all three of the rooms that room 7E9A0's doors are connecting to. This means that rooms 793AA, 7948C and 795FF will each need to have one new door added to them, which means editing their Doors pointer.

Note the location of the marked pink doors especially.

The first room we're gonna add a new door to is 793AA, which is marked yellow in the map above. Go to that room in SMILE, then set your mouse cursor on its doors' BTS and press Ctrl+D to open up the door editor. You'll see that the room only has a single door in its list:

Underlined red: doors pointer in bank $83

Underlined pink: 12-byte string for door $00 in bank $83, which we'll be copying soon.

Alright, so there's only one door on the list, but we need two. Easy enough, we did this before when we added three doors to room 7E9A0 from scratch. We now know to look at the Doors pointer, which is a list of pointers to the door bytes. The Doors pointer is 93D1, which is a LoROM address of $8F:93D1 that we can click on and see that it converts to a PC address of 793D1.

In HxD, Goto offset 793D1. You'll see the bytes B2 89, which reverse to 89 B2 and become $83:89B2 (LoROM) / 189B2 (PC). In the screenshot above, you can see this as "Door $00 - $89B2" highlighted blue. You can replace B2 89 with FF FF (free space) since we don't need this pointer anymore.

Goto offset 189B2 and select/copy the 12 door data bytes (block: 189B2-189BD - F8 91 00 05 8E 16 08 01 00 80 00 00). Once copied, replace them with FF. This can be done quickly with right-click > "Fill Selection..." > check "Hex Values" checkbox and type FF in place of the 00 that's there by default > click OK. We're replacing these 12 bytes with free space, because the 12 bytes of door data that we just copied from here are going elsewhere:

After you've done that, scroll down until you find free space again. The first free space line is 1ADA0, which is where I'll paste the door data that we just copied two times. You should recognize this area of free space from earlier, when we pasted three doors starting at 1AD70. Again, note the offset that each door is pasted at. In this case, the 12-byte data string for door $00 of room 793AA was pasted at 1ADA0, and door $01 is at 1ADAC:

Underlined green: first door ($00), pasted at offset 1ADA0 (LoROM address/pointer: $83:ADA0)

Underlined pink: second door ($01), pasted at offset 1ADAC (LoROM address/pointer: $83:ADAC)

Next up, finding a new pointer, which means finding 6 bytes of free space in bank $8F. Goto offset 7E9F0, which is currently the first line of free space near the end of bank $8F. At the offset, type in the bytes A0 AD AC AD 00 00. These bytes are the locations of the 12-byte door data strings in bank $83, reversed and spaced out. A0 AD = $ADA0, AC AD = $ADAC, and 00 00 = stopper bytes required to end the pointer string:

Save the ROM with HxD, then go back over to SMILE.

In SMILE, change the Doors pointer from 93D1 to E9F0, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button. Now set your mouse cursor on 793AA's door BTS again and press Ctrl+D to open up the door editor, and you should now see your two doors, $ADA0 and $ADAC:

That does it for 793AA's Doors pointer. Now you just have to do all of that to two more rooms! Rooms 7948C and 795FF will also need an extra door added to them, which we'll do now. I'm going to walk through the process for each room briefly, without pictures this time, otherwise this section will run on too long.

Adding a door to room 7948C: this room has three doors: $8A2A, $8A36, and $8A42 (you can see these with the door editor). Its Doors pointer is 94B3, meaning that at offset 794B3, we'd find 2A 8A 36 8A 42 8A. Since there are three doors, we'll be copying 36 bytes (24 if you're counting in hex). Goto the offset of the first door, 18A2A, and select/copy the next $24 bytes (block: 18A2A-18A4D). After you've copied the bytes, replace them with FF via right-click > "Fill Selection...", then go down to the first line of free space, which is at offset 1ADC0. Paste the three doors that you copied, then note their offsets, which are 1ADC0, 1ADCC, 1ADD8, and the fourth (new) door will be at 1ADE4.

Go to some free space in bank $8F (I'm going to use offset 7EA00) and enter these bytes: C0 AD CC AD D8 AD E4 AD 00 00, then save the ROM with HxD. In SMILE, change the Doors pointer from 94B3 to EA00, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button. Check the door editor to confirm that the room now has four doors: $ADC0, $ADCC, $AD88, and $ADE4.

Adding a door to room 795FF: this room has two doors: $8ADE and $8AEA. Go to offset 18ADE and copy the next 24 bytes (18 if you're counting in hex), then scroll down to the first line of free space at 1ADF0 and paste them there, giving us 1ADF0, 1ADFC and 1AE08 as pointers. Go to free space in bank $8F (I'm going to use offset 7EA10) and enter these bytes: F0 AD FC AD 08 AE 00 00, then save the ROM with HxD. In SMILE, change the Doors pointer from 9626 to EA10, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button. Check the door editor to confirm that the room now has three doors: $ADF0, $ADFC, and $AE08.

The three rooms adjoining 7E9A0 now all have an extra door to work with!

15.

Level-edit new doors into rooms 793AA, 7948C and 795FF. This step should be simple, since everything needed to do this has already been explained.

Reminder picture from earlier: basic level editing

For room 793AA, I moved the power bomb expansion away from the wall, added a new door to the right side, gave the door tiles red BTS numbers of $01, and then fixed up the ceiling and floor around it:

OPTIONAL: here are the hex bytes for my edited room 793AA. You can copy and paste them at offset 216977:

01 00 04 E8 7F 81 80 0D 11 85 11 81 14 8D 0F 89 5F 80 0F 89 14 89 C3 0E C7 10 C2 0E 44 81 11 C3 1E C4 1C 45 81 11 02 85 14 8D C6 2C C8 10 08 0E 1D FF 00 BB 80 FF 00 0E 43 19 14 02 8D 0F 19 C5 10 07 0E 19 0F 1D 14 89 14 1D C3 1E C3 1C C3 0E C2 6C C2 10 C5 2C 01 0F 19 C4 62 02 85 10 85 C3 20 00 5F C2 40 C3 42 C5 2E D1 10 C7 44 C3 6C C5 2C 02 FF 00 10 C2 AC 03 18 89 0D 8D 53 FF 00 01 56 A8 E8 21 FF 00 07 0D 89 18 89 40 94 0C C4 E8 37 FF 00 07 0C C0 40 90 60 94 2C D4 F8 37 40 07 2C D0 60 90 60 9C 2C DC F8 38 40 05 D8 60 98 40 9C 0C F8 22 40 00 5D 86 37 01 CE C0 04 D8 40 98 16 85 45 70 80 87 36 01 C7 08 C7 FE C5 18 00 BD CE 1E 00 5F 48 80 70 03 14 85 0E 85 43 FF 80 C7 22 D5 08 01 BD 88 CE 1E 03 88 FF 80 0E 44 81 18 07 11 81 14 85 0F 81 0E 85 C3 22 04 0E 11 0F 11 5F 43 80 9D 06 84 0F 81 5F 80 0E 15 C3 12 C5 10 CD 0E C3 1E 02 0F 81 14 86 AD 00 C3 02 01 14 85 C6 12 4A 85 11 C3 58 C6 24 C6 66 C9 0E C9 08 E8 7F 81 80 E4 61 00 00 D2 22 00 03 92 D3 00 D3 C2 08 C9 07 C8 08 26 00 00 92 C3 26 C9 08 00 92 C3 2E E4 25 00 00 41 3B 00 03 40 01 00 FF 3B 00 03 FF 01 00 FE 3B 00 03 FE 01 00 FD 3B 00 01 FD 01 E4 45 00 01 12 13 24 00 02 52 00 12 CA 07 E4 64 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

For room 7948C, I added in a new ceiling door, gave it red BTS numbers of $03, and then fixed up some of the cave scenery around it:

OPTIONAL: here are the hex bytes for my edited room 7948C (paste at offset 218FFE):

01 00 12 E8 29 11 81 02 10 85 63 43 9C 62 03 98 63 98 10 CB 34 5F 85 11 F8 2A 60 00 43 43 0C 42 02 08 43 08 F8 32 60 C4 68 05 14 8D 18 89 14 89 C6 94 C6 14 C9 1E 09 10 85 1D CC 1C 5C 1C 58 1D 58 C3 C0 01 14 8D C2 2A CC A6 D2 3E CA C0 C2 5C 0A 19 17 1D 31 01 17 19 18 19 14 89 C8 6A CA 1E 01 0E 1D 47 FF 00 00 0E C2 24 02 17 1D 17 C2 28 CA 9A C3 3E 00 09 C7 3E C6 7C CA E4 07 19 85 31 01 34 0D 34 09 43 31 01 00 17 C6 6A C5 62 C3 AA 03 19 85 37 05 49 FF 00 02 37 01 34 44 01 31 00 19 C6 9A C3 20 C2 38 02 05 31 05 C3 42 C3 3E C2 7C 00 19 C5 D8 02 18 89 0F 43 89 18 C2 BC 04 34 0D 37 0D 39 46 01 31 C3 6A 01 34 0D C5 40 01 19 85 C3 70 01 34 05 C7 62 C7 5E C7 82 C5 20 C5 5E C3 42 C4 A6 00 05 C3 CA 09 0F 19 18 89 40 94 0C C4 37 09 C3 B8 00 39 C2 A2 C5 0A C3 6A 03 37 09 37 0D 85 F6 00 C3 CC C5 14 C5 C2 C6 42 C4 86 00 19 CA 20 01 34 09 C5 42 C5 64 00 38 C2 40 07 0C C0 40 90 60 94 2C D4 C5 34 C5 40 C3 C2 C3 6A 85 52 01 03 14 19 10 85 C9 7E C6 C0 C4 42 C5 86 01 10 81 C9 20 C3 92 C7 82 C5 42 07 2C D0 60 90 60 9C 2C DC C5 76 C7 3E C5 88 C7 62 83 4C 01 C9 7E 89 B0 01 C5 D0 D6 20 C6 6A 0B 2C D8 60 98 40 9C 0C DC 2D 01 2E 01 D1 1E CB 4E C9 BE C7 E4 89 0A 02 C9 B0 CB 36 16 2D 05 2B 05 0C D8 40 98 18 81 0F 81 0C 11 0C 15 0E 15 2D 05 2F 01 2D CA 68 D7 4E 87 4E 02 8D CA 02 C7 F2 01 2B 05 C3 44 00 0D 43 81 0C 03 85 0F 81 18 88 41 00 05 14 85 0C 81 0B 15 C6 68 00 05 CD D0 83 FA 01 CE D4 8C 13 03 C5 58 00 2F C2 B2 C7 58 00 14 C8 58 4C 11 81 CE 68 00 2E C2 F6 02 0E 11 0F 44 11 18 01 0E 15 C7 DE C3 E8 00 0E C4 14 00 0F C2 16 02 2D 01 2B C6 B0 03 0B 85 0C 85 CA 58 99 5B 00 C8 D0 CB 8A C6 10 02 C1 0F 51 C3 FA CE 16 CB B0 F8 26 60 D3 30 01 14 8D 43 0F D9 88 D2 00 F8 25 04 5D 81 11 8A 03 01 01 0F 1D 85 4C 01 02 0E 19 0F 83 5D 01 F8 47 60 C2 FA C9 5C 89 4E 01 C7 64 5F FF 83 F8 23 C0 01 10 85 53 FF 00 00 10 C4 DE F8 41 60 01 14 8D CD BC C9 C4 C3 C2 F8 3E C0 C2 C2 C9 BE 01 30 01 83 36 04 00 30 88 AB 01 C3 C2 F8 4B 60 00 1A 44 81 1B 00 1A C8 70 F8 42 60 00 85 83 2A 00 57 FF 00 F8 45 60 03 39 87 2F 83 D3 62 03 2E 83 39 83 F8 41 C0 04 14 8D 0E 8D 37 D4 60 05 37 83 0E 89 14 89 F8 3F C0 05 39 87 38 87 B9 82 D1 C0 07 0E 11 36 83 0F 85 14 81 F8 40 C0 02 85 0F 85 C2 4A 04 15 0E 15 2E 05 87 54 07 02 B8 82 38 83 7D 08 C4 E0 F0 41 C2 07 C5 E2 03 1C 85 1B 85 89 B4 07 85 BC 02 F8 45 60 03 14 8D 36 8B 8F 28 06 C5 62 01 36 8B F0 41 E0 08 83 2A 00 01 37 8B 55 FF 00 02 B9 82 39 E8 20 83 FF F0 23 42 08 00 B8 8A 27 09 02 30 01 2F 88 53 07 02 37 83 10 F0 3F 41 09 84 29 00 CB BE 01 1A 81 89 EC 09 00 B8 F8 41 C0 04 81 14 8D 0D 8D 57 FF 00 01 0D 81 F0 21 40 09 DF E0 00 39 94 25 09 88 96 06 F8 40 60 02 14 85 0D 86 87 06 01 30 01 8B 52 07 F8 48 60 88 C3 0B 83 AE 07 8C EE 09 01 11 14 F8 42 C0 97 64 08 02 FF 00 0D 84 D1 00 F8 3F C0 01 10 85 93 C6 08 03 B9 82 38 83 83 7E 0B F0 43 40 0C 03 36 83 0E 15 97 CA 0B F8 41 C0 43 11 81 83 22 09 8B 06 0B F0 2B 56 0A F8 23 60 8B 86 06 8B 8C 0C F0 23 7E 0B F0 21 C2 0C 01 36 8B 8B 2A 06 8B EC 0C 01 37 8B F0 21 20 0B F0 21 02 0C 91 6A 0E F0 2B B6 0A F0 35 82 0D F0 29 18 0B F0 3B 02 0C F0 44 DE 0E 98 03 0E 83 3A 09 F0 41 E0 0B 85 62 0E 83 96 09 0D 2F 83 1D C4 1C 54 1C 50 1D 50 2E 83 38 83 83 BE 0A C3 1C F8 43 60 C2 C4 05 87 0E 85 37 83 43 43 04 42 01 00 43 83 DB 08 00 81 C3 BC F8 47 60 C5 C4 02 B9 82 63 43 94 62 02 90 63 90 C7 BC F8 23 C0 35 00 23 03 E4 5B 00 03 43 FF FE FD 3A 00 04 D3 D2 00 92 D3 CC 0F 22 00 03 92 D3 D2 92 25 00 00 93 C2 1F 00 93 30 00 00 92 C2 35 3A 00 01 92 D2 C7 34 C5 4F CB 38 C9 44 C5 5E C7 52 00 93 C2 66 00 41 2E 00 CD 3D CE 10 03 40 01 00 FF CC 94 CA C6 33 00 03 FF 01 00 FE D8 8D D2 10 02 FE 01 00 9B 7B 12 30 00 06 FD 01 00 00 53 53 52 E4 30 00 F8 39 34 01 12 13 C8 70 CA 0B E4 20 00 00 03 8C 53 13 E4 21 00 A3 B7 14 E4 29 00 83 A6 12 9F 60 13 8F 9C 12 F8 2B 32 E4 2C 00 8E 05 13 E5 1A 00 00 12 E4 25 00 F0 32 E5 13 F0 2C 17 15 89 F5 12 F1 1E 7F 15 F0 57 6D 16 E4 5D 00 F0 37 C6 16 F0 57 7C 15 8F 33 13 E4 AF 00 8A E6 13 F0 28 7F 18 00 42 9D 79 12 E4 40 00 23 02 35 00 47 3F 01 00 3E C4 04 C3 06 03 D6 02 D7 02 49 3F 01 5F FF 00 DF 40 C9 4A 47 3E 01 C9 70 F8 2B 60 D7 40 C9 5A 00 3D CA 5C C9 6C F8 23 C0 DB 40 C7 D6 C7 BC C7 6C C3 6E F8 25 60 DD 40 CB DE C7 E8 05 3D 01 B4 02 B5 02 C5 62 F0 29 22 1B D5 40 D1 62 C3 EA 02 D4 02 D5 F8 2E 60 D7 40 C5 DE 03 B6 02 B7 02 87 78 1B CB E0 F8 21 C0 DF 40 93 0E 1B F0 2B D6 1B DF 40 C9 D8 C7 C4 CD 16 F0 27 42 1C D7 40 C3 D8 C5 DA C5 C4 8D 6C 1B 01 B6 02 DF C0 DF 40 C5 D8 8D CE 1B 87 3C 1D C3 F8 DF C0 DF 40 8B 20 1C 8F 66 1B F0 2B DE 1B D7 40 89 34 1C 8B EA 1C C9 CC F0 23 62 1D DB 40 85 92 1C C9 60 8B 7C 1C F0 25 9E 1C DD 40 CF 08 CB E6 F0 27 1E 1B DB 40 CD 6C 8F 44 1D F0 2B 20 1B F8 35 40 FA 1F 20 43 12 01 00 13 84 47 1D 00 13 C4 0A C3 06 00 12 44 01 11 49 12 01 DB 20 F8 25 60 83 14 1B 49 13 01 CB 5A DF 20 DF FE C7 42 C9 C4 C9 C6 C9 6E D9 20 F0 21 82 1E C5 F4 C7 C4 C9 BA C9 74 DB 20 F0 21 E2 1E C7 60 C9 FA 87 5A 23 89 A6 23 D9 20 F0 21 E2 23 C7 F4 CD 64 CF 12 D7 20 F0 23 22 23 85 58 23 8B 10 24 8D B2 23 DB 20 F0 23 E2 23 CB 60 89 1A 24 C9 D8 DB 20 F0 29 02 25 C7 FA 8D 1E 24 DF 20 F8 23 60 8D 22 25 8B 48 23 8D AC 23 D3 20 E8 3F FF 00 F0 3F 02 1B F0 3F 82 1B F8 43 C0 F0 3B C6 1B F0 3F 42 1C F0 49 E2 26 F0 35 8C 1C F0 3F 02 1D F8 3F C0 F0 3F 42 1D F0 3F C2 1D F0 47 02 28 F0 37 0A 1E F0 3F 82 1E F8 3F C0 F0 3F C2 1E F0 3F 42 1F F0 43 22 29 F0 3B 86 1F F0 3F 02 20 F0 49 02 2B F0 35 4C 20 F0 5F C2 20 00 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

And for room 795FF, I added in a ceiling door, got rid of some grapple blocks, changed its red BTS numbers to $02, fixed up some of the cave scenery around it, and then added a floating platform underneath the door:

OPTIONAL: here are the hex bytes for my edited room 795FF (paste at offset 21BD6D):

01 00 08 49 11 85 02 10 85 63 43 9C 62 04 98 63 98 10 81 E8 33 11 85 02 10 85 43 43 0C 42 02 08 43 08 C7 40 01 14 8D 4D 18 89 02 14 89 11 D5 5A C2 70 0C 14 8D 0D 8D 1D CC 1C 5C 1C 58 1D 58 16 C6 36 01 16 8D 4D B7 E0 C3 18 C2 44 C9 36 C3 A8 C5 06 04 85 19 85 37 05 47 FF 00 02 37 09 34 46 09 31 01 34 0D C5 0A C7 08 09 31 09 17 19 18 19 14 89 14 8D C6 48 C4 42 C2 A8 04 19 17 1D 34 05 D1 42 01 39 05 C5 4C C3 08 00 38 43 09 34 C4 50 00 17 C2 2E 00 17 C2 46 C3 BA 02 18 8D 0F C2 A8 C5 6A 00 39 C8 82 03 FF 00 39 01 C3 7E 01 37 0D C3 0A C5 08 C3 98 01 37 0D C3 0E C2 9E 05 05 31 09 16 89 0F C2 E8 03 40 94 0C C4 C3 B0 C3 6A C5 26 C9 C4 C5 50 CF 18 C5 44 00 38 C2 4C 07 0C C0 40 90 60 94 2C D4 CF 24 C7 82 CB 90 D3 1A 07 2C D0 60 90 60 9C 2C DC D5 26 D3 54 CD 1A 06 2C D8 60 98 40 9C 0C C8 40 06 30 01 2F 05 2E 01 30 D6 76 CB A0 02 2A 01 2E C2 2A 0B 0C D8 40 98 18 85 0F 81 0F 11 0E 15 C3 FA 00 1A 44 81 1B 01 1A 85 C7 EE 01 5D 80 D5 C0 0A 0D 81 0C 81 0A 81 0B 81 0C 85 18 46 81 11 00 10 C8 34 CB F2 00 5F D6 40 02 0E 19 0F 85 3B 01 87 B9 00 02 81 14 85 C5 82 CD F0 00 BD D6 80 C3 FC 01 E2 8A CB 40 03 11 81 C2 8E D1 F6 00 BE DA 40 02 C2 8A 12 85 17 00 C6 C2 01 A2 86 F8 2D 40 02 C5 1A E5 C5 42 C6 80 03 E5 86 C5 16 D0 C0 00 88 5B FF 00 01 A2 82 CB C0 D3 82 9B 1E 03 C3 40 CB 80 00 12 D2 C2 DB C0 C5 C2 CB 80 C5 C2 01 F7 02 F8 27 40 02 FF 00 C2 C3 82 CA 02 00 C2 C2 C2 01 17 03 F0 27 D4 03 03 FF 00 22 83 CB 80 00 12 84 49 03 CC 40 D2 C0 CB A0 00 C2 CC C0 C3 C2 01 A5 82 43 A5 12 87 CC 03 D3 C0 C9 A0 02 C5 12 E5 CE C0 C3 84 8B 48 04 DD 40 00 C2 8E FD 03 C7 3E 85 88 03 C3 A8 93 DE 03 CA 40 8C BD 03 CB 84 83 CA 03 C3 A8 01 5F F0 D1 F6 C7 C0 C3 BE CF 80 8D 44 05 04 A4 86 5F 10 A4 86 55 05 C9 F6 C7 C0 C3 BE D5 80 C9 C8 89 48 04 CF 40 02 0E 11 14 87 17 00 5E 81 11 D1 40 03 C5 12 A4 16 C8 3E F8 20 40 85 CA 03 C9 F6 00 A5 85 7D 05 8B 7D 00 D9 82 C2 A2 83 14 06 43 A5 82 05 A4 86 A3 82 A4 82 88 7E 05 95 73 00 D6 44 86 7C 06 C6 06 C9 08 DE 44 E8 24 85 11 25 00 23 02 E4 3B 00 03 43 FF FE FD 24 00 26 01 E4 21 00 01 92 93 28 00 01 93 D2 D5 22 01 D2 92 E4 23 00 00 41 3B 00 03 40 01 00 FF 3B 00 03 FF 01 00 FE 3B 00 02 FE 01 00 C5 D8 36 00 00 FD C2 EA 01 13 52 E4 35 00 89 7A 08 F8 36 41 F8 21 62 F8 C0 61 29 00 00 13 93 44 09 00 12 E4 4C 00 D0 C5 D1 5F D4 86 37 00 DD 9E 01 12 13 DB 86 D7 1E E4 50 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF

16.

Connect these three sets of doors together. Finally, we're gonna make it so you can travel between rooms through these new doors.

In SMILE, we're gonna be editing the 12-byte door data strings, using the door editor. Go to room 793AA and set your mouse cursor on the door tiles with the red 01 BTS numbers on them and press Ctrl+C. In the Level Editor window title, you'll see the text "Saved Door - $793AA BTS $01" appear for a few seconds after you do that:

Go to room 7E9A0 and press Ctrl+C on door $02 as well to copy it and receive the "Saved Door - $7E9A0 BTS $02" message in the Level Editor window title for a few seconds. Now press Ctrl+D on door $02 to bring up the door editor, and notice the copied doors list at the bottom, containing "793AA $01" and "7E9A0 $02" in it, which are the 12-byte data strings of the two doors that we just copied by pressing Ctrl+C on them:

Since we want to link this door with door $01 of room 793AA, click on "$793AA $01" so it's highlighted blue, then click the "Link Selected Door" button, which replaces the values in the pale yellow text fields with the data of the copied door. Click the "Save Door Link" button and then close the door editor.

Go to room 793AA, press Ctrl+D on door $01 and do the same thing, except this time, "7E9A0 $02" should be highlighted blue, since we want to link this door with door $01 of room 7E9A0. Click the "Link Selected Door" button, then the "Save Door Link" button, and then finally, the "Clear Doors" button, which removes the copied doors since we no longer need them.

This successfully links room 793AA with the top portion of room 7E9A0. Two more rooms left.

Next up, go to room 7948C, press Ctlr+C on door $03, then go to room 7E9A0 and press Ctrl+C on door $00. Now press Ctrl+D on door $00, highlight "7948C $03", click the "Link Selected Doors" button, and then the "Save Door Link" button. Now go back to room 7948C, press Ctrl+D on door $03, highlight "7E9A0 $00", click the "Link Selected Doors" button, then the "Save Door Link" button, and then the "Clear Doors" button. One more room left.

Go to room 795FF and copy door $02, then go to room 7E9A0 and copy door $01. Open the door editor for door $01 and select "795FF $02", then click the "Link Selected Door" and "Save Door Link" buttons. Next, go back to room 795FF, open the door editor for door $02, select "7E9A0 $01", then click the "Link Selected Doors", "Save Door Link" and "Clear Doors" buttons.

And with that, we're finished connecting the doors. Going through the vertical doors still won't work just yet, but we're getting there! Our next big objective is to master a room's screens and scroll colors.

17.

Room Scrolls pointer, door ASM pointers. The Room Scrolls pointer sets the default scroll type value for each screen of the room, which is represented in SMILE by a colored outline that's red, blue or green. Each screen uses one byte in bank $8F. If the pointer is set to 0000 (all blue) or 0001 (all green), then no bytes are used. The purpose of room scrolls is to influence camera behavior. Here's what each scroll type does:

Red (00): prevents the camera from being able to see certain screens, either permanently, or until a scroll PLM or a door's ASM pointer changes it to blue or green.

Blue (01): Samus can explore these freely. Blue scrolls display all but the very top and bottom two rows of the current screen, which is ideal for hallways.

Green (02): same as blue, except green scrolls allow the bottom two rows of the current screen to be seen. Not preferred because this causes the camera to hang lower towards the foreground instead of showing the player more of what's going on around Samus. However, doors that are in the floor must be inside of a green scroll to work.

If you don't see the screen colors, click "Preferences > View > Layers > Scrolls" (hotkey: F4). Right now, all of the scrolls are shown thick blue, because the Room Scrolls pointer is currently 0000.

You can edit the colors of a room's scrolls by clicking "Preferences > View > Level Tile Size > 8x8" (hotkey: Home & End) and clicking on a screen, which we don't need to do in this guide.

In SMILE, open room 7E9A0 and notice how many screens the room has. Since the room is a total of nine screens in size, that's how many bytes of free space we need to find in bank $8F, and then use that offset as the Room Scrolls pointer. Easy.

In HxD, I'm going to use the first full line of free space, which is at 7EA20. At this offset, type 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 02, then save the ROM with HxD. Go back over to SMILE.

In SMILE, change the Room Scrolls pointer from 0000 to EA20, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button. You'll see that the previously all-blue grid that divided the room into nine sections is now red, blue and green. If you couldn't tell by the bytes we entered, this also shows you how screens are counted. The first three bytes were 00 (screens 00-02), which are red. The next five were 01 (screens 03-07), which are blue, then screen 08 at the end, which is green. Here's what my room currently looks like at 8x8 tile view, minus the pink edits obviously:

We're making three separate rooms that are all part of the same room header, which I'm calling cell #1, cell #2 and cell #3. To do this, we will need to use scroll PLMs and door ASM pointers to change scroll colors based on which door Samus enters room 7E9A0 from. Cell #1 is gonna be the first one we do, but before that, here's what the room's scroll colors will need to be changed into for each cell when Samus enters it:

Cell #1: screens 00, 01 and 02 must be changed to blue, and screens 04, 05 and 06 must be changed to red.

Cell #2: screens 05 and 08 must be changed to red.

Cell #3: screens 04 and 07 must be changed to red.

The default scroll colors will never be loaded completely as-is (unless you test using QuickMet), since Samus must enter a cell by using a door.

You might have also noticed that screen 06 isn't green, even though it has a floor door like screen 08 does. That's because I'm gonna show you a little trick later that lets you get around needing a green scroll by default, for occasions where your level design might work best with a floor door inside of a blue scroll instead of a green one.

To make cell #1 work properly, we need to use door $01 in room 793AA. Specifically, its ASM pointer, which is the last 2 bytes of data in its 12-byte string (the last pale yellow text field in the door editor). First, find some free space in bank $8F. I'm gonna use the next free line, which is 7EA30. This means we'll be using a door ASM pointer of EA30. Go ahead and change the pointer to that for now:

Click the "Save Door Link" button and close the door editor.

In HxD, enter these bytes at 7EA30 and then save the ROM: 08 E2 20 A9 01 8F 20 CD 7E 8F 21 CD 7E 8F 22 CD 7E A9 00 8F 23 CD 7E 8F 24 CD 7E 8F 25 CD 7E 28 60

Here are those same bytes, arranged vertically and explained:

THIS COLOR = required byte that shouldn't be edited
THIS COLOR = variable byte: scroll color
THIS COLOR = variable byte: screen number +20

08 E2 20     <-- Begin scroll color-change ASM

A9 01        <-- Load blue scroll (01)
8F 20 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 00
8F 21 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 01
8F 22 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 02

A9 00        <-- Load red scroll (00)
8F 23 CD 7E  <-- Store red scroll to screen 03
8F 24 CD 7E  <-- Store red scroll to screen 04
8F 25 CD 7E  <-- Store red scroll to screen 05

28 60        <--  End scroll color-change ASM

A9 00, A9 01 and A9 02 can be used to load a scroll color, and then 8F ## CD 7E is used to determine which screens are affected by the color that was loaded. ## = screen number +20, meaning that screen 01 = 21, screen 12 = 32, screen 2A = 4A, etc. The number of loaded scroll colors and the number of screens that they're stored to can vary, but the "08 E2 20" and "28 60" at the beginning and end are always required.

NOTE: to easily know which number a screen is in SMILE RF, press the ` key (located underneath the Esc key in a lot of keyboards) while your mouse cursor is inside of the screen. The Level Editor's window title will then tell you the screen number, along with some info about the 16x16 tile that your mouse cursor was on.

That's all for cell #1's door ASM. The other two should go faster, since they each only require two screen colors to be changed.

In SMILE, go to room 7948C, open the door editor from door $03, and change the door ASM pointer from 0000 to EA51. Click the "Save Door Link" button and close the door editor.

In HxD, go to offset 7EA51 and enter these bytes: 08 E2 20 A9 00 8F 25 CD 7E 8F 28 CD 7E A9 02 8F 26 CD 7E 28 60

Arranged vertically like before:

08 E2 20     <-- Begin scroll color-change ASM 

A9 00        <-- Load red scroll (01) 
8F 25 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 05 
8F 28 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 08 

A9 02        <-- Load green scroll (01) 
8F 26 CD 7E  <-- Store green scroll to screen 06 

28 60        <-- End scroll color-change ASM

That's all for cell #2's door ASM. And since we're already right here... paste these bytes at offset 7EA66 and save the ROM: 08 E2 20 A9 00 8F 24 CD 7E 8F 27 CD 7E 28 60

Arranged vertically:

08 E2 20     <-- Begin scroll color-change ASM

A9 00        <-- Load red scroll (01)
8F 24 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 04
8F 27 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 07

28 60        <-- End scroll color-change ASM

Finally, in SMILE, go to room 795FF and open the door editor from door $02, change the door ASM pointer to EA66, click the "Save Door Link" button, then close the door editor, which takes care of cell #3's door ASM.

18.

Make sure all doors are working exactly as they should. Right now, the horizontal doors connecting room 793AA to room 7E9A0 should both work perfectly, but the two vertical sets of doors still have some problems. Entering cell #3 causes a duplicate blue door cap to appear. This is because the door is one tile lower than usual, which is easily fixed by opening the door editor on door $02 in room 795FF, and changing the Door Cap Y from 2D to 2E.

To switch off the acid that's filling the room, open the FX Editor window, and right underneath Liquid Options, change $00C8 into $FFFF, uncheck the "Large Tide" checkbox, then click the "Save FX Data" button.

This next one is a little more subtle, but the Distance To Spawn value for door $01 in room 7E9A0 could use an adjustment. It is currently set to 01C0, which works, but Samus appears a bit further from the door than I'd like. 0140 is a good value to use, and it's what I default to for floor doors.

Open the door editor for door $01 in room 7E9A0, change 01C0 to 0140 and click the "Save Door Link" button:

For ceiling doors, 01C0 should be used. If it's a tile shorter (like door $01 in room 7E9A0), then 0180 can be used, which is what we're doing right now. Open the door editor for door $02 in room 795FF and change the Distance To Spawn to 0180, then click the "Save Door Link" button:

Next, open the door editor for door $00 in room 7E9A0 and change its Distance To Spawn to 0140.

For door $02 in room 7948C, change the Distance To Spawn to 01C0.

Almost done with all of the doors and camerawork! One task remains. Remember that trick I mentioned earlier about being able to use a floor door inside of a blue scroll instead of green? To do that, we'll need two scroll PLMs.

19.

Decide how many PLMs your room will have, if possible. PLM stands for Post-Load Modification. They allow code from bank $8F to execute after the room has already been loaded, under various conditions, such as touching or shooting a certain spot. PLMs consist of items, red/green/yellow/gray door caps, save stations, missile/energy/map stations, and some other stuff. For a room's PLM Set pointer, each PLM uses 6 bytes in bank $8F, plus a required instance of "00 00" at the very end of the string.

You know where this is going. Find some free space in bank $8F. I'm going to use 7EA80. In SMILE, change the PLM Set pointer to EA80, uncheck Overwrite, then click Save Pointers. Under "Enemies / PLMs" in the Room MDB tab, set the "PLMs In Room" slider to 02, then save the room. If you don't have PLMs hidden, you should see what looks like a red question mark block appear in the upper-left corner of the room (to unhide: "Preferences > View > Layers > PLMs" or hotkey F5). This is two blank PLMs, stacked on top of each other. They can be left-clicked and dragged + dropped anywhere in the room. Also notice the small yellow pop-up that says "PLM Index $00", as this box tells you that particular PLM's order in the list. Currently only PLMs $00 and $01 exist in room 7E9A0, at PLM Set pointer EA80.

Crash warning: the red question mark block PLMs will cause the room to not load (screen stays black). Change them to some other type of PLM to fix.

Right click on PLM $00 to bring up the PLM editor, and select the scroll PLM (B703) from the PLM Selector, then click the "Save PLM" Button. Do the same thing with PLM $01, and then save the room:

Move the scroll PLMs down so one of them is right above the blue cap of door $00, and then place the other PLM three tiles above it. It doesn't matter which PLM is closer to the door. Next to the scroll PLMs, you'll need a row of three H-copy blocks with BTS numbers either FF FE FD or 01 02 03, depending which side of the PLM you place them (it doesn't matter). I've demonstrated both ways in the screenshot below:

REMINDER: Ctrl (hold) + left-click (hold) on tile-type or PLM being copied + move mouse cursor = auto-draws H-copy and V-copy blocks. More on H/V-copy later.

HOW TO USE SCROLL PLMS

The "Main PLM Variable" value, for scroll PLMs, is a LoROM address to bank $8F. Each scroll PLM is just a pointer to data that can change scroll colors, which activates when Samus touches the PLM or any H/V-copy blocks that originate from the PLM. Each screen that has its color changed by a scroll PLM requires 2 bytes, plus a required "80" at the very end of the string to close it. One scroll PLM can change many screen colors at once. Scroll PLMs cannot run custom code, beyond varying how many scrolls are changed, and to which colors.

In HxD, find some free space in bank $8F that isn't going to be overwritten by anything new added (don't use EA80, because we still need to add more PLMs later). Since we're only going to need three bytes for each scroll PLM, we can find some other spots to wedge them in easily. I'm placing mine at 7E9FA and 7E9FD. At both of those offsets, enter these three bytes, and then save the ROM: 06 00 80

In SMILE, give PLM $00 a Main PLM Variable of E9FA, and PLM $01 a Main PLM Variable of E9FD. Save the room.

You should now see a thick red outline appear over screen 06, which only becomes visible while your mouse cursor is sitting on one of the scroll PLMs. If you don't see this second outline color appearing, check "Preferences > View > Show Scroll PLM Changes".

Right-click on the lower scroll PLM that's right against the blue door cap (for me, this is PLM $00), then click on the "Edit PLM Scroll Data" button, which brings up a small confirmation pop-up. Once you click OK for this pop-up, the screen size will change to 8x8, but this is NOT the same 8x8 editor that you access through Preferences or with the Home/End keys. This editor is only accessed by clicking the Edit PLM Scroll Data button, and exited by changing back to a larger view size, or reloading the room. Notice that the Level Editor's window title now says "Level Editor - Editing Scroll PLM" as well:

In this scroll PLM 8x8 editor, do not click on any other screens besides 06, or you'll write more than three new bytes of scroll data, which we don't want to do. If you ever accidentally click on a screen that originally had no color, just click on it a few more times to cycle through until the color disappears again (the scroll PLM editor's changes aren't actually saved to the ROM until you save the room). Click screen 06 until the new thick red outline is replaced by a thick green outline, and then save the room. Return to your normal editing view size. The bottom scroll PLM should now display a thick green outline whenever you set your mouse cursor on it.

The other PLM (for me, this is PLM $01) will still display a red outline when you set your mouse cursor on it, which isn't what we want either, so right-click the PLM, click the Edit PLM Scroll Data button again, and click on screen 06 until it has a thick blue outline, save the room, then return to your normal editing view size:

If you look at the bytes at offset 7E9FA now, you'll see that they've been changed from "06 00 80 06 00 80" into "06 02 80 06 01 80" by SMILE. You could have entered the second string of bytes from the start, but I wanted to show you how SMILE's scroll PLM editor worked.

Together, these two scroll PLMs will change screen 06 to green once Samus is on top of the door/falling through it, then back to blue once she is a few tiles above it, thus allowing use of a blue scroll that only changes to green for the very short moment of time that it actually needs to be green. The ASM pointer of the door below (door $03 in room 7948C) is already taken care of, which means that all of room 7E9A0's doors are now finished!

The three cells dividing Room 7E9A0 should now be acting as three separate rooms. Test all of the doors out and make sure there aren't any lingering problems.

Changing multiple screens at once using a single scroll PLM is done the same way. An example piece of code might look like this: 0B 01 0C 01 0D 01 0E 01 0F 01 80 - in this example, screens 0B, 0C, 0D, 0E and 0F would all instantly be changed to 01 (blue) once Samus touched the PLM, and then of course there's the required 80 at the very end. Scroll PLMs that affect multiple screens are also previewed in SMILE by setting your mouse cursor on the PLM.

Decide on the rest of this room's PLMs. If you're not the type of person to map things out ahead of time (I am not), it can be hard to think of what to add right now, without seeing the rest of the room completed. Remember that each PLM uses up 6 bytes. At the PLM Set pointer, you can leave the next few lines of FF bytes free (example: you could designate 7EA80-7EABF for room 7E9A0's PLMs only), in case you decide to add more PLMs to the room later on. Personally, I like to just add some extra blank PLMs (arrows work fine), so I can grab one and turn it into any other PLM I need quickly as I'm level editing. Once the room is completed, any unused blank PLMs can be deleted.

Time to explain those six PLM bytes. In HxD, go to offset 7EA80, which is where room 7E9A0's PLMs are. Right now, the data there should be "03 B7 09 2C FA E9 03 B7 06 29 FD E9 00 00", which composes the two scroll PLMs we just edited with SMILE. Here's the data, arranged vertically:

PLM Index $00:
03 B7  <-- PLM ID (entry $B703 in PLM Selector)
09     <-- X position, counted from the very left in tiles
2C     <-- Y position, counted from the very top in tiles
FA E9  <--  Main PLM Variable ($E9FA)

PLM Index $01:
03 B7  <-- PLM ID (entry $B703 in PLM Selector)
06     <-- X position, counted from the very left in tiles
29     <-- Y position, counted from the very top in tiles
FD E9  <--  Main PLM Variable ($E9FD)

00 00  <--  Ends the PLM data string

Copy these bytes, paste them at 7EA80, and save the ROM: 03 B7 09 2C FA E9 03 B7 06 29 FD E9 3B B6 01 0F 00 00 3B B6 02 0F 00 00 3B B6 03 0F 00 00 3B B6 04 0F 00 00 3B B6 05 0F 00 00 00 00 - what these bytes will do is add five new arrow PLMs to the room. This could also be done with SMILE, but doing it with a hex editor like this can save time:

After you've done that, go back to SMILE and reload the room. You should now see five red arrow PLMs along the bottom of screen 00, below door $02. These are PLMs $02-$06. The "PLMs In Room" scroller will also now reflect the new number of PLMs by changing from 02 to 07. These five arrow PLMs are extra blanks, which you could leave alone for now, and use later after you've designed more of the room.

Now's as good of a time as any to learn about the other PLMs, so let's place a few more.

First, go to room 793AA and right-click on the power bomb expansion that we moved earlier. Note that its "Main PLM Variable" value is 0000. You'll also see that in the PLM Selector, $EEE3 is selected; change that to $B63B, which is the very top entry, then click the Save PLM button. Drag the arrow PLM somewhere off-screen. I also changed the pedestal that the item was sitting on into a normal block:

Go back to room 7E9A0, right-click on PLM $02 (the first arrow) and select $EEE3 in the PLM Selector. For all item expansion PLMs, the Main PLM Variable value must be unique to that particular expansion. This power bomb expansion has a Main PLM Variable of 0000, which is what that power bomb expansion in room 793AA was using. Because we just turned that power bomb expansion into an arrow PLM, we freed up item index 0000, which means we can use 0000 for this new power bomb expansion in room 7E9A0 instead. Click the Save PLM button. Place this power bomb expansion somewhere in cell #1, and then save the room.

Right-click PLM $03 and select $EEDB in the PLM Selector, which is a missile expansion. Because this missile is new, and it's not replacing an existing item index like the power bomb expansion did with 0000, we need to use a Main PLM Variable for this missile that isn't shared by any other items. There are plenty of unused values to choose from. I'm going to use $0051. Click the Save PLM button.

Right-click PLM $04, make it into a super missile expansion ($EEDF in the PLM Selector), give it a Main PLM Variable value of 0052, then click the Save PLM button. Place the missile and super missile expansions somewhere in cells #2 and #3, and then save the room.

Main PLM Variable (items): unused values by default are $0051-007F, and $009B-00FF.

Main PLM Variable (doors): unused values by default are $0061-007F, and $00AD-00FF.

IMPORTANT: the Main PLM Variable value for items and doors is also known as its index. The PLM Index Tools in the SMILE RF's ROM Stuff tab can search for items or doors sharing the same index, depending which of the two checkboxes is checked (i.e., search $051 to check the availability of Main PLM Variable $0051 for either items or doors). The search results will appear in SMILE RF's Task Log window, which is opened by clicking "? > Task Log". Clicking the Show All Indexes button will generate a text list of all item or room indexes in the same folder as the ROM you currently have open, depending which checkbox is checked.

Here's what to look for in the Task Log window:

Door indexes shouldn't typically be shared among each other for the same reason.

Item and door indexes aren't the same, which means that item $0051 won't interfere with door $0051.

Random fact: adding +0200 to an item's index will allow that item to affect doors (i.e., collecting an item with a Main PLM Variable of $0251 could cause a gray door with an index of $0051 in another room to become blue, without flashing). This cannot be done the other way around (opening doors causing items to disappear) without using custom code.

By learning how to use the item PLMs, you also just learned how to use the gray/pink/green/yellow door cap PLMs, because they work exactly the same way. I'm gonna leave the remaining two arrow PLMs alone for now.

And that's pretty much how you create/edit PLMs! There are many more PLM types, but the instructions included for them in SMILE are very straightforward. PLMs are much easier to use than enemies.

20.

Never use arrow PLMs. Use H-Copy and V-Copy BTS instead! It needs to be stressed again that the red arrow PLMs should only be used as place-holders, if at all. I choose them as place-holders because they're invisible in-game, they won't react to anything that Samus does if you're not using them as intended, and they're at the top of the PLM Selector list.

The original Super Metroid uses red arrow PLMs to extend the range of scroll PLMs often, which wastes space in bank $8F (6 bytes for each arrow). H-Copy and V-Copy blocks only use a few bytes of level data, which is a much better option. Arrow PLMs are limited to unbroken strings, and you can't have more than 40 PLMs in a room. H/V-copy aren't limited in these ways. Because arrow PLMs are completely obsolete, you could delete all of them from bank $8F and have a lot of extra space to work with.

H-Copy and V-Copy BTS will be used alongside scroll PLMs often, and they can be used the same way with any PLM, or even other BTS. Touching any of the H-Copy or V-Copy tiles in the picture below would cause Samus to take damage from the spike block, because all H-copy and V-copy BTS do is pass the attributes of BTS and PLMs along through each other, like a current. The spike block is a source. A continuous chain of H/V-Copy blocks is not required, however the count must be maintained over gaps:

The gray-numbered tiles in the picture above are there to demonstrate how the BTS number count must always be maintained if you have gaps (the gray tiles themselves can be any type of block).

To move attributes up/left, count forward in hex, starting from 00. To move attributes down/right, count backwards in hex, starting from FF. The simplest way of actually explaining how to use H/V-Copy would be to just hold the Ctrl key, left-click on the BTS/PLM you want copied, drag your mouse away from the BTS/PLM in any direction, release left-click.

OPTIONAL: H/V-copy blocks can be used to create remote door switches. Blue door caps themselves being shootable works because of V-copy blocks. The shot block with the red 41 on it in the screenshot below needs to be shot or bombed by Samus in order to trigger the door opening sequence, so we can easily just make straight paths going from the 41 by Ctrl(hold) + Left-click(hold) + dragging from it in straight lines, then getting rid of all but the turning and end points:

It's important that Samus is able to shoot/bomb ONLY the blue door switch, or the blue door cap itself, to cause the door to open. I did this by routing the H/V-copies straight up from the shot block with BTS 41 to the very top of the room, then straight right until directly above the blue switch, then straight down onto the blue switch itself. Because Samus is in a hallway, none of her weapons will affect the very top unseen row of tiles on the current screen, giving us a perfectly functional remote door switch! This also works with red/green/yellow doors.

21.

SMILE's layers, tile highlighting, and Graphic/BTS Only. SMILE has many layers that you may need to switch on or off as you're editing. Now is the time to become familiar with how these work, if you aren't already. These layers can be toggled in the Preferences menu ("Preferences > View > Layers"), or by using their respective hotkeys (F1-F8).

List of SMILE's visible layers + hotkeys (from part 1):

TILE HIGHLIGHTING & GRAPHIC/BTS-ONLY CHECKBOXES

Ridiculously useful for checking yourself before you wreck somebody else's good time.

"Highlight Same Tile Type" checkbox: highlights all instances of the currently selected BTS type with a thick red outline. Located near the top of SMILE RF's Tiles & BTS tab.

This checkbox is great for error-checking your room's BTS map. In the screenshot below, the lone red square is solid, even though it looks exactly like the surrounding air. Directly below it, there are two blocks that are air, even though they look exactly like the surrounding solid blocks. Notice how the red outlines are different, depending on which tile-type is displayed (underlined red):

It's easy to mess up and have solid or air tiles that aren't supposed to be there, so it's good to check the tile types like this every once in awhile.

"X Flip", "Y Flip", and "X/Y Flip" checkboxes: highlights all flipped tiles with a yellow outline. Located near the top of SMILE RF's Tiles & BTS tab.

These checkboxes work the same way as Highlight Same Tile Type, except they can detect invisible air tiles that are flipped needlessly, which wastes additional bytes of level data, due to how the rooms are compressed. Instead of a red outline, as with the tile type, the X/Y tile flips are marked yellow. To demonstrate how this works, turn on the Show Current Room Size setting in Preferences, then start flipping air files using the four arrow hotkeys, and watch as the level data number rises, while the room itself still looks exactly the same! The picture below demonstrates this:

Check for wasteful flips among the foreground filler and background tiles as well. This could potentially save hundreds of bytes or more in rooms that aren't very small. You should scrutinize every single tile in a room at least once before calling that room completed, because it is very easy to miss something. It sucks to watch somebody else stumble through obvious mistakes that you could have prevented.

"Graphic Only" and "BTS Only" checkboxes: located under the Clipboard section of SMILE RF's Tiles & BTS tab. These checkboxes allow you to place only the tile graphic, or only the tile type, instead of both at once by default. Play around with the checkboxes until you figure out exactly how they work, and you should see why this is a really nice feature. Tiles placed on layer 1 with Graphic Only checked are set as air tiles with BTS number 00. For BTS Only, the tile type and BTS numbers are copied, but the graphic is not. There's also the "=" hotkey for BTS type, which places the last tile-type that you right-clicked, but not its BTS number.

22.

All BTS types and their uses. Note that for some tile types, using different BTS numbers can make them behave differently. Known variations for different BTS numbers are explained.

There are some types that can have 1x2, 2x1 and 2x2-sized versions, which is accomplished using H-copy and V-copy. These types are shot, bomb, crumble, air(shot), and air(bomb). Here's a nice little image that shows exactly how they work:

AIR: Samus passes/falls freely through air tiles. Air is the most commonly used BTS. Unless you're using custom code, the BTS number for air tiles should always be 00.

SLOPE: the many different neon green slopes that you see throughout the game are all the same tile type (slope). It's their different BTS numbers that give them different shapes and behaviors. To avoid confusion, SMILE displays these as various neon green shapes overlaying the tiles that are appropriately flipped, instead of bothering to display their BTS numbers in red, as it does with other tile types.

AIR (X-RAY): these behave exactly like air tiles, except air(x-ray) tiles will not disappear when Samus X-rays them. Useful for scenery that isn't meant to hide secrets from the player. This type was called "Air Fool X-Ray" in older SMILE versions. Unless you're using custom code, the BTS number for air(x-ray) tiles should always be 00.

TREADMILL: used by Wrecked Ship's left/right conveyors, and Maridia's downward quicksand/sandfalls. There are many unused treadmill variations. Some of them are area-specific, but most of them act the same, or do nothing.

AIR (SHOT): an air tile that can be destroyed if Samus shoots or bombs it. Unused in the original Super Metroid. Can be sized 1x2, 2x1 and 2x2. Respawns as a regular shot block.

H-COPY: extends the reach of PLMs or other BTS horizontally. These are explained above in more detail.

UNUSED: does nothing normally, but can be modified to run custom code.

Grapplable air: go to offset A2847 and change C9 into D1 to make the "Unused (BTS numbers $00-03)" into an air tile that can also be grappled onto.

AIR (BOMB): an air tile that can be destroyed if Samus bombs, speed boosts, or screw attacks through it. Unused in the original Super Metroid. Can be sized 1x2, 2x1 and 2x2. Respawns as a regular bomb block.

SOLID: solid tiles make up almost all of the floors, walls, ceilings, and other structures that Samus cannot pass through. Unless you're using custom code, the BTS number for solid tiles should always be 00.

DOOR: triggers a room transition sequence if Samus touches it, which should never happen unless the door has been properly set. Doors / door tiles have already been explained above in great detail.

SPIKE: spikes are solid blocks that will damage Samus the moment she touches them. There are a few BTS number variations that can be given their own unique damage, flinch and invincibility timer values by changing them with a hex editor.

CRUMBLE: solid blocks that will only break if Samus steps on them. Can be sized 1x2, 2x1, and 2x2.

SHOT: destroyed by beams, missiles, and bombs. Can be sized 1x2, 2x1, and 2x2.

V-COPY: extends the reach of PLMs or other BTS vertically. These are explained above in more detail.

GRAPPLE: solid blocks that Samus's grappling beam can latch onto.

BOMB: destroyed by bombs, screw attack, and speed booster. Can be sized 1x2, 2x1, and 2x2.

The tile types below this point are actually just BTS number variations of the 16 main BTS types listed above. This is why they, like the green slopes, are not included in the same tile-type list, but are instead located in a separate spot to drag & drop from.

SUPER MISSILE: shot block with BTS number 0A (respawning) or 0B (non-respawning).

POWER BOMB: shot block with BTS number 08 (respawning) or 09 (non-respawning).

SPEED BOOSTER: crumble block with BTS number 0E (respawning) or 0F (non-respawning).

CRUMBLE GRAPPLE: grapple block with BTS numbers 01 (respawning) or 02 (non-respawning).

CONVEYOR (RIGHT): treadmill block with BTS number 08.

CONVEYOR (LEFT): treadmill block with BTS number 09.

CONVEYOR (DOWN): treadmill block with BTS number 82 (quicksand) or 85 (sandfalls).

ENEMY-BREAK: spike block with BTS number 0F. This block acts exactly like a solid, except that if an enemy touches it, the block will be destroyed. The original Super Metroid requires that Shaktool destroy a wall of these blocks before Samus can collect the spring ball.

ENEMY-SOLID: crumble block with BTS number 0B. This block acts like air for Samus, but solid for enemies. Enemy-solid is unused in the original Super Metroid. Unfortunately, this block also stops Samus's projectiles, and it reacts with X-ray. A crumble block with BTS number 10 works exactly the same way, minus the X-ray reaction.

23.

It's finally time to start designing the room!

There are certain types of graphics that are present in most of the tilesets, because they serve the same purpose. Memorize what those look like, and you'll easily be able to see how they're used for structuring a room. There might not be a fast way to learn this, besides studying how the original game's rooms are constructed, or looking at rooms that other hackers have made. Here's a simplified illustration of how some of Crateria's tileset is put together:

There's obviously a lot more to it than what's in that picture above, because I only showed a small part of the Crateria tileset's tile table, but the picture very clearly demonstrates the core idea. Beyond that, it's mostly just more slopes, more BTS, and graphical variations of the common types, such as floors or walls, to keep the terrain from looking too repetitive. This applies to every tileset.

It might help to absolutely master Crateria's tileset first and foremost, and just ignore all of the other area tilesets until you've done that. Once you've gotten Crateria's tileset completely figured out, the other tilesets will be very easy to learn.

Here's a more complex Crateria structure, marked in the same way (note that some of the tiles are flipped this time):

That's pretty much it for how rooms are put together visually. Backgrounds are exactly the same, except they're on a separate layer, and they don't have a BTS map, which means that backgrounds are graphic-only. Some of what goes into level design is too varied and nuanced to try explaining here, and some of it also comes down to our own personal preference as designers.

Creating a lush world that feels natural, and not creating a broken, buggy, featureless obstacle course that feels completely unrewarding to play through is hard. Stretching this lush creativity out over the length of a whole game is a lot harder than that. Be prepared outdate your own level designs and ideas over time as you get better. Experience with pixel art is helpful, and so is being able to come up with creative ways of tiling things together, but these skills are not required, and in fact, you will probably eventually learn them by hacking Super Metroid anyway. Everybody's level editing habits will vary because of personal preference, and because of the fact that you don't have to follow the steps in a particular order to create a room. I'm not going to walk through actually placing tiles, because that would make this guide even more unnecessarily long, and it wouldn't actually be teaching you anything new.

24.

Slopes are essential. Using slopes is pretty self-explanatory if you take awhile to examine how the original game has them placed throughout all of the rooms (the neon-green shapes show you which part of the tile is actually solid), but there are certain things you'll need to know about some of them that isn't obvious right away. First, here's a labeled picture of the table, with useless or buggy slopes colored red:

1. Half-solid (horizontal): shinesparks are sometimes able to pass through these from below. These should be used for small platforms. If you want to use a half-solid as a ground slope, use slope #8 instead.

2. Half-solid (vertical): don't use a line of these along any wall that Samus is able to shinespark horizontally into, or she will be partially buried in them after the shinespark ends.

3. Quarter-solid: shinesparks are able to pass through these from below.

4. Quarter-air: if you wanted small stairs that Samus cannot smoothly run up and down, this one could be used.

5. Full-solid: bugged. Behaves mostly like a solid block. Shouldn't use.

6. Small bump: raises and lowers Samus's position by half of a tile as she runs over it.

7. Large bump: bugged. Causes Samus to drop forward at the peak as she runs over it.

8. Half-solid (horizontal) #2: shinesparks and normal jumps are able to pass through these from below. These behave the same way squares do (slope #20) by pushing Samus towards the top or bottom.

9-14. Square duplicates: useless. These function, but using them is a waste of level data. #20 is the only square slope you should use.

15. Stairs: bugged. Running up stairs is a bit jagged on the camera, and running down stairs causes Samus to drop forward.

16. Concave triangle: slightly bugged. Samus cannot run down a hill of these without dropping forward. Uphill seems to work fine.

17. Horizontal lines: bugged. Acts mostly like air.

18. Vertical lines: bugged. Acts mostly like air.

19. Triangle: raises or lowers Samus's position by one tile (16 pixels) as she runs over it.

20. Square: used alongside triangles and hills on floors and ceilings to prevent Samus's running and shinesparking from unintentionally being stopped. Don't flip these horizontally (X-flip); doing that will waste level data. Only use vertical flips (Y-flip) for squares. Stacking multiple squares on top of each other can create a column that instantly transports Samus up or down several tiles, but doing that isn't advised because it can cause a graphical error if there is vertical scrolling allowed. As a general rule, Samus should never be able to touch the sides or bottom of a square.

21-22. Hill: same purpose as triangle (19), stretched out over the length of one and a half tiles.

23-24. Smooth hill #1: same purpose as triangle (19), stretched out over the length of two tiles.

25-27. Smooth hill #2: same purpose as triangle (19), stretched out over the length of three tiles.

28-29. Steep hill #1: raises or lowers Samus's position by two tiles as she runs over them. 28 must be placed directly on top of 29 (if Y-flipped, then directly underneath). Samus cannot run down these without dropping forward.

30-32. Steep hill #2: raises or lowers Samus's position by three tiles as she runs over them. 30, 31 and 32 must be stacked on top of each other. Samus cannot run down these without dropping forward.

Here are some examples of slope use with various tilesets:

Some tilesets are limited in the types of slopes they can use by default, because there were never graphics painted by the original creators to match up with the shape of certain slopes. For example, Crateria doesn't have any graphics that would really work well with slopes 21-32, which are great for smooth tunnels and walls; on the other hand, Maridia has graphics that work for all of those slopes and more. If you wanted Crateria tiles that work with all of the slope shapes, you would need to paint new graphics yourself, or find somebody else who can. Pixel art isn't covered in this guide.

IMPORTANT NOTE: you always want to use two squares next to any triangle or hill if it's in a place where the player will easily be able to use the speed booster near it. If it's a cramped area, or you're sure the player won't be able to shinespark over it, then you can save on level data by only using one square in those places. Doing this will prevent shinesparks from occasionally getting stopped unexpectedly while passing over smooth surfaces, which can be annoying. This is more of an issue with hills than it is with triangles. Here's a picture for triangles:

And with all of the hills, the same idea applies, except you might need an extra 'layer' of squares in certain places to keep them from possibly stopping shinesparks. The original game is missing these in a lot of places. Here's an unedited section of room 7A923, with pink dots that mark where green squares should have also been placed:

SOMEWHAT LESS IMPORTANT NOTE: Bomb Torizo and Golden Torizo are also able to walk along sloped surfaces if extra squares are used, except for the Torizos, these extra squares will need to extend the length of the floor, instead of only needing two squares like shinesparks do. Here's a picture by Tyjet66 that demonstrates it:

The yellow version of the slope table that appears when you check the "Yellow Slopes" checkbox is just an exact copy of the default green slope table. There is no reason to use it, unless you plan to make it behave differently than green, which is beyond my knowledge.

25.

More need-to-know level design stuff.

TILING ERRORS

No matter how long you've been editing Super Metroid, you should always be looking out for tiling errors. It's very easy to make them, and there are many different kinds. The original Super Metroid has some small tiling errors, which include needlessly placed slopes, and lots of wasted level data.

Room 791F8 (the landing site) has a misplaced triangle slope near the first door that you enter on the left. Also note the missing square above the blue door cap, marked with a pink dot:

And in the the room past that door, you can see two squares inside of the wall by where you drop down, where Samus would never be able to reach them:

It can be tricky deciding what exactly constitutes a tiling error, and some of it can come down to personal opinion/preference. I avoid having gaps that aren't 1 tile tall (morph tunnels) or 3+, because areas that automatically force Samus into a crouched position by spinjumping into them and therefore requiring morph ball to escape from are just kind of annoying to me, and of course the fact that not having the morph ball collected will turn all of these instances of being crouched into permastucks.

More subtle than that, are graphical tiling errors. In red brick Brinstar (room 7A253), both sides of the room darken out at the very left/right edges, except for a single tile near the top of the room. And in Norfair (room 7ACB3), there are some small bubbles that don't display a consistent light source because the tiles are flipped, which is easily fixed by picking a different graphic for them from the tile table. These two examples are pointed out with red arrows in the picture below, with solutions underlined pink:

If in doubt, you can always post your room on Metroid Construction's forum or IRC channel, and ask people to point out any tiling errors that they can find.

UP SCROLL AND DOWN SCROLL

These two values are worth mentioning (found near the top of SMILE RF's Room MDB tab), because they can adjust how far the camera will scroll vertically, relative to Samus as she moves through the room. This means that if there was something on the ceiling you wanted the player to see more easily, you could use a higher Up Scroller value like 90 to keep the camera closer to the ceiling. Down Scroller is the opposite, which could be useful for a one-way descent. In the example picture below, notice how the higher the Up Scroller value is, the more visible the ceiling becomes:

The Up/Dn Scroller values can also be changed using a door, or a custom PLM. I don't know how to create a custom PLM, but if you wanted to change the Up/Dn values using a door, there's a small string of bytes that you can paste in bank $8F and point to with the door's ASM pointer. The bytes are: 08 E2 20 A9 XX 8D AD 07 A9 YY 8D AF 07 28 60. If you wanted to change only the Up Scroller, you'd use 08 E2 20 A9 XX 8D AD 07 28 60, and for the Down Scroller only, it's 08 E2 20 A9 YY 8D AF 07 28 60. If the door also needs to change scroll colors, then that code can be placed right before the 28 60.

CAMERA SNAPS

Camera snaps usually happen when part of a red scroll suddenly becomes visible due to Samus entering another vertical row of screens, which the camera will respond to by pushing the red scroll off-screen and centering back on Samus. This is an intended function, but bad level design can cause these camera snaps to become disorienting, and if the snaps are too severe, a nasty screen-wrapping bug can happen and cause the camera to lose track of Samus. The original Super Metroid has camera snaps in quite a few places, and probably every Super Metroid hack has them.

There are two main ways you can deal with camera snaps: let them exist, and just make sure that they can't cause the screen-wrap bug (this is what almost everybody does), or structure your rooms so that camera snaps are very small and/or impossible. The second option is not a very attractive option, because it means having to follow a guideline for parts of some of your rooms.

Here's a picture with three example room structures. Camera snaps and screen-wrap bug possible, camera snaps not possible, and only smaller camera snaps possible:

The yellow arrows in the "camera snaps & screen-wrap bug possible" example are vague paths that Samus could follow to cause the screen-wrap bug. In the other two examples, the screen-wrap bug is not possible. The added blocks (highlighted transparent purple) in the "camera snaps not possible" example must be there for the camera snaps to be completely gone. The "only smaller camera snaps possible" example will also work fine, as long as there are blocks to keep Samus from getting closer than three tiles to the edge of the blue scroll while also next the left edge of it (outlined in pink).

Because camera snaps can allow parts of screens to be seen that the player should otherwise never be able to see, you should use some some kind of basic filler foreground tile for red scrolls instead of leaving them blacked out. If the foreground has a lot of detail in it, then you should figure out how much of the foreground can possibly be seen ingame by the player, and then adjust the amount of visible detailed foreground accordingly.

SCROLL SNAPS

Because green scrolls display the bottom two tile rows of a screen and blue scrolls do not, walking directly into a blue scroll from a green scroll can cause the camera to readjust by instantly snapping upward. This won't break the game, but it could cause a harmless graphical error. Elevate the floor by at least 6 tiles, for a length of 10 tiles with 5 in each scroll (highlighted transparent purple) any time you're going to have these two scroll colors side by side. Here's a picture:

LEVEL DESIGN TIPS

• Use the arrow hotkeys for flipping tiles in the level editor. It is much faster than any other way of doing it.
• In the map editor, press 'E' while your mouse cursor is sitting on any room to load that room. This saves a lot of wasted time 'navigating' through doors in SMILE with Ctrl+E to edit nearby rooms.
• Copy structures or layer 2 backgrounds from other rooms, then edit those. This can be helpful if you have problems with starting from a blank room.
• Reward the player's curiousity as much as you can, even if it's not with items or progress.
• Consider each room's actual purpose, not just what it looks like or what will be in it. This can be decided before anything else, if you're the type to plan everything out in advance.
• Write out the item progression of your whole hack. Walk the reader (even if it's only you) through everything in your hack, using a vaguely intended route for the player to follow. Does it flow well? Doing this might help you tighten the route through your hack and reduce pointless backtracking/confusion.
• Don't force players to use advanced tricks to progress or collect everything. Requiring precise walljumps, mockball, infinite bomb jumps, and other difficult maneuvering that somebody who is totally new to the game couldn't learn fairly quickly is probably a bad decision. Hackers are notoriously bad at gauging the difficulty of their own hacks for a very long time after they've started hacking, almost without exception.
• See how many bytes a room actually uses by re-saving it with SMILE RF. Most of Super Metroid's rooms have some amount of wasted level data bytes, which you can free up easily. The original compression left no free space at all between each room's level data, even though the rooms themselves often have hundreds or more level data bytes to spare! If you want to see it in action, do this: in HxD, select "Block: 21ACDB-21B1B9 / Length: 4DF" and copy these bytes to your clipboard. Open a new text file and paste the bytes into it. Now open room 79552 in SMILE RF, save the room, copy/paste the same exact block/length of bytes from HxD into the text file again, and then compare the two chunks of bytes. Notice anything different? There is a bunch of free space at the end now of the second set, yet the room was not changed at all when you saved it! At offset 21AFC5, there is now free space all the way to offset 21B1B9, which means that 501 bytes have been freed up to use for other stuff (level data, graphics, palettes, etc.)
• Be careful not to accidentally crash SMILE by absent-mindedly leaving unsaved hex edits! This can happen if you've been editing a room in SMILE, forget to save your work, then start editing the ROM in HxD, and forget to save your work in that program also. It really sucks to accidentally crash SMILE and lose most of the room you just built. This is only really an issue if you're using HxD because of its auto-refresh feature. Hex editors that don't auto-refresh opened files that have been changed by another program won't have this crash risk.

26.

MISTAKES TO AVOID BECAUSE THEY COULD BREAK YOUR GAME.

• Encountering vertical gaps that are less than three tiles tall before the morph ball has been collected. This is a very common mistake that is very easy to make. If you allow this to happen, then somebody, someday will get permanently stuck there and have to reset the game (assuming they still feel like playing your hack after this). Samus should NEVER be able to become accidentally force-crouched into tight spaces without the morph ball. You need the morph ball to escape, it's that simple. Without it, there is no way to uncrouch and continue. If your hack doesn't give the player morph ball very early in the game, then you must be especially aware of this. Here is a picture:
  

• Unmorphing or standing up from a crouch in tight spaces underneath a Y-flipped square slope. This buries part of Samus in solid rock, which also looks buggy. The example on the left in this picture below can result in the player being permanently stuck if they don't have the spring ball:
  

  This limits morph ball tunnels in a very significant way. Only straight tunnels will work properly, because any sloped morph ball tunnel is either going to possibly trap Samus if the player unmorphs, or otherwise act buggy in some annoying way.

• OPTIONAL: this issue of bland morph tunnels can be completely solved by using Scyzer's morph lock patch. The morph lock patch allows two new custom BTS types to be used, which are "Air(x-ray)" tiles with BTS numbers 0C and 0D. Touching these tiles will lock and unlock the ability to exit morph ball, allowing you to create detailed morph tunnels without fear of the player becoming stuck because they unmorphed and managed to clip through a slope.

  As a general rule, try to keep sloped floors and ceilings at least 3 full tiles apart.

• Avoid the use of respawning blocks until bombs have been collected. If a block respawns over Samus while she is morphed, she will most likely be permanently stuck there if she doesn't have bombs. The block prevents Samus from demorphing and moving, and so without bombs, there's no way to break that block. Whoops!
  

• Double-check all square slopes in your ceilings and floors. Badly placed square slopes can very easily cause a permastuck. Square slopes work by pushing Samus above or below it, depending how it is flipped vertically; an incorrectly flipped square slope will pull Samus into the solid blocks above or below, causing immediate immense frustration. Horizontal flipping doesn't affect how square slopes behave. In this picture below, I vertically flipped a square slope on the ceiling and floor, then showed how they both affect Samus ingame:
  

• Some enemies can mistakenly place Samus inside of solid blocks. Enemies that Samus can directly affect Samus's positioning also have the risk of leaving the player permanently stuck inside of solid blocks. Yapping maw (enemy $E7BF) can pull Samus inescapably into solid blocks if they're positioned too far into the foreground. Platforms (enemy $D83F), shutters (enemies $D53F/$D5BF), and the spiked platforms (enemies $DFFF/$E03F) will pass through solid blocks and bring Samus along with them if their movement coordinates aren't set correctly. The grapplable ripper (enemy $D3FF) near the Wrecked Ship entrance is able to place Samus inside of the nearby wall under specific conditions.

  Elevators move Samus through solid blocks in a controlled way, as does the walking Chozo statue that carries you to the gravity suit. Samus's ship also moves Samus's on-screen position around under various conditions. Here's a picture of the yapping maw, shutters and platforms doing things that they should not be doing:

  

• Don't let Samus fall into quicksand without the gravity suit. By default, standing in quicksand without the gravity suit equipped immediately makes it impossible to jump out of it.

  This can actually be fixed by changing two bytes: at PC address 2348C, replace 02 with 00, and then at 234BD, replace 01 with 00. You will now be able to escape quicksand without the gravity suit. In the original Super Metroid, it's insanely difficult to reach quicksand areas without the gravity suit equipped. Changing these two bytes gives you the option of using Maridia's quicksand areas early in the game.

• Don't create water-filled pits that players can't escape from. It is easy to accidentally make water unnecessarily difficult for Samus to exit, even if it isn't totally inescapable. Don't know if you've made a body of water too difficult to exit? Chances are, if you can't always jump out of it on the first or second try, then it's probably too annoyingly difficult to exit, and so the liquid level needs to be adjusted. To illustrate how easily this can happen, I added a single extra solid tile to this familiar place in red brick Brinstar. Without high-jump boots, gravity suit, or space jump, it becomes impossible to get out:
  

• Be careful with respawning blocks that require speed booster, super missiles, or power bombs to destroy. If these blocks respawn (or Samus goes through a door and brings non-respawning blocks back), this could cause problems if there isn't enough room to run at full speed, or some way to refill missiles, super missiles, and power bombs. If you decide to use speed booster blocks, make sure that the player can easily break them from either side; don't assume that they will know how to shortcharge, or perform difficult shinesparks. These permastucks are especially bad, because it usually takes the player awhile to realize that they've encountered a game-breaking design error.
• Door cap PLMs and gate PLMs should also be handled with care. Keep the above paragraph's info in mind for the red, green, yellow and gray door cap PLMs as well, even though they aren't generally set to respawn.

  Blue, red, green, and yellow gates are mostly the same. Remember that the player has the option of closing the gates again after opening and passing through them, so plan your level design around this possibility by adding a respawning enemy or something nearby on both sides of the gate.

• The varia and gravity suits could potentially place Samus inside of solid blocks. After collecting the varia and gravity suits, Samus is moved to the center of the current screen, and her pose is changed so that she's standing upright and facing the camera/viewer. If the varia and gravity suit items are not placed near the center of the screen, and instead, there are solid blocks clustered everywhere around the center of the screen, then collecting a suit could possibly cause a permastuck once the suit moves Samus to that center position. This is easily fixed in one of four ways: 1) test repeatedly and tweak the room until the permastuck is gone, 2) keep the suit items in their original single-screen-sized rooms and only make aesthetic adjustments if needed, 3) remove the cutscenes that happen when you collect a suit, which would allow you to place the suits as freely as any other item, or 4) change where the suits move Samus in the room.
• Avoid the possibility of encountering Botwoon or Norfair Ridley without charge beam. In the original Super Metroid, Botwoon/Norfair Ridley become permastucks if Samus runs out of missiles and super missiles during the fight without having the charge beam in her inventory. Other bosses don't really become permastucks, but they can be much more annoying to kill if charged shots aren't an option. Bosses can be modified to take damage from normal uncharged shots, but I don't have that info yet.
• Grappling blocks can semi-bury Samus in solid blocks if they're not placed correctly. Grappling beam is a pretty flawed feature, and there are many things wrong with it that will start becoming apparent if you place grapple blocks or grapplable enemies in tight places, or anywhere that isn't VERY spacious. Becoming permastuck with grapple isn't easy to do, but getting slightly buried in solid blocks is. You should also never place a grapple block directly in front of Samus; if she is able to grapple onto a block or an enemy while standing totally still, then you'll experience a weird positional bug that goes away when you release grapple:
  

  If a grapplable enemy is also able to move around while it is being grappled, then you must be extremely careful, because Samus WILL pass through solid blocks if the enemy's movement brings her close enough to any walls, floors or ceilings. Seriously, always leave a lot of extra space around grapple blocks and grapplable enemies, and test all of them very very thoroughly.

• Don't let Samus touch a red scroll without changing it to blue or green first. The camera won't follow Samus into the red screen, so if this happens unintentionally, the player can very easily get lost off-screen somewhere with no way to see how to get themselves back out.
• Ceiling slopes directly above a door cap PLM will cause problems. Samus will either be able to clip through the door cap, or more likely end up permastuck immediately, because bombs won't be able to open the door:
  

• The red question mark block PLM / knight enemy will crash the game. These appear if you add a new PLM or enemy to the room using the "Enemies / PLM" sliders in SMILE RF's main window. They are blank placeholders that must be changed into something else. If you try to test the room while either of these placeholders are visible, the room will fail to load and give you nothing but a black screen until you change the question mark PLM / knight enemy into something functional. SMILE RF can set a default PLM/enemy to load so that this room crash will no longer happen; this is done by clicking the "Use As Default" checkbox underneath the preview picture of the selected PLM/enemy entry in the list.
• The enemy editor's "Extended Tilemap Format" checkbox will cause most enemies to crash the game. There are only a few enemies that require this checkbox to be checked, such as space pirates. Always assume it that should NOT be checked for the current enemy that you're editing.
• Enemies $D0FF, $D13F, and $D17F could cause a permastuck if any gray doors rely on killing them to unlock. It's possible for them to fly too far off-screen and stop in a place that makes them impossible for any of Samus's weapons to kill, while also putting Samus outside of their attack range.
• Enemy $E97F can potentially cause a permastuck if any gray doors rely on killing them to unlock. If enemy $E97F's vulnerabilities are changed to allow it to be frozen by ice beam, a bug in their AI that makes them fly far off in a random direction if they're frozen and then allowed to unfreeze.
• Ceiling sidehoppers could cause a permastuck if any gray doors rely on killing them to unlock. They could fall upwards and out of Samus's reach if the room's ceilings are too high. When using a ceiling or a floor sidehopper, make sure you know exactly how far left/right they are able to travel throughout the room; give them loose bounds so the player can't lead them into weird spots or get them wedged into tight places that they weren't meant to be in.
• Actually, it's pretty easy for enemies and PLMs to crash the game in general. If your room stops loading (black screen when you try to enter it through a door), or freezes when you walk near a certain spot, it's most likely an enemy or PLM that needs to be fixed. For PLMs, a crash will usually be caused by an incorrect "Main PLM Variable" value. For enemies, it could be several things: there's the "Extended Tilemap Format" checkbox of course, but also the other Enemy Data checkboxes near it, and the "Main AI Pointer" text fields. A bad Shot AI pointer will make an enemy crash the game if you shoot it, for example.
• Shinesparks can pass through H-Copy and V-Copy tiles if they are placed too close to the door cap. Specifically, door transitions can accidentally place Samus on the other side of them if she shinesparks through the door, so keep rows of V-copy tiles at least one tile away from door caps.

There are other ways to get permastuck that I'm probably not remembering right now, but I think I've mostly explained the ways that could easily happen on accident. Many permastucks are so difficult and obscure that it's not worth mentioning them here.

27.

My finished design for room 7E9A0. I tried to mimic the design style of the original game so that these extra rooms would feel like they've always existed in Super Metroid.

Only graphics visible:

Slopes, scrolls, BTS, and PLMs visible:

Only solid blocks (marked red), slopes, and BTS visible:

The total black-out view in the picture above is not a view option in SMILE RF by default, but it can be accessed using the debug menu's "Unlock Layers" button and then hiding both layers 1 and 2. It can also be done without the debug menu by changing every single color in the tileset to black and clicking the Save Palette button (make sure you export the tileset's palette first). I find the black-out view to be extremely helpful when I'm looking for tiling and sloping errors.

Here are the hex bytes for this room that you can copy/paste-write at PC address 273300 with HxD:

01 00 12 E9 19 11 85 03 14 8D 14 89 D5 18 45 0F 89 D5 1E DD 52 C9 36 05 14 8D 0E 1D 10 81 CF 1A C2 5C 02 19 0E 1D 45 FF 00 00 0E 45 19 0F CC 68 C5 7C C5 98 CB 4E C4 B0 00 1D C3 3A C3 36 C3 B8 01 10 85 C3 42 00 14 44 89 18 C5 54 C3 50 C7 5C CB 06 C7 32 C9 7C C3 38 C3 A0 D3 1C C7 9A C5 A6 05 10 81 40 94 0C C4 E8 21 FF 00 CF 7C 03 0D 89 0D 8D D7 1C CB A2 05 10 81 60 94 2C D4 E8 59 FF 00 C2 60 02 9C 2C DC F8 57 60 06 0E 11 14 81 40 9C 0C F8 32 60 03 0D 81 0D 85 F8 23 BE 01 11 85 4F 70 80 01 5F 80 F8 25 98 03 14 85 0E 15 F8 23 60 03 0F 81 0E 85 47 FF 80 00 0E C2 96 00 BD C2 60 05 BA 12 BB 12 BC 12 D7 F4 00 0F C2 F6 43 11 85 83 DA 01 D5 7E C7 7A C3 C0 00 11 C2 8A C3 64 02 0E 81 0F 43 81 14 0A 85 BE 80 0E 11 DA 12 DB 82 DC 12 C3 A0 C5 6A 04 2A 01 2C 01 2F C2 04 C9 5C C3 60 C5 C2 C3 70 01 0E 15 C5 92 C3 7C C3 46 C3 7A 00 5E C2 A8 8A 7E 01 00 85 C7 38 01 BE 80 C7 42 C3 78 01 DA 82 C2 6A 07 82 0C 85 0A 81 0B 81 0C C2 80 8E 0E 01 C2 FE C3 CC 01 14 85 C5 28 C9 3A 02 0E 15 BD C2 A8 CF 30 C5 60 F0 44 D8 00 CA A8 F0 D7 46 00 47 0F 89 F0 31 3C 01 91 14 01 01 14 8D 4F 18 89 01 0D 8D 47 9B E0 00 16 CE 1A D1 70 D3 8C C3 A0 01 0E 0D 83 7E 01 C2 5C 02 19 17 1D 4D 31 01 03 34 05 37 05 47 FF 00 0B 37 09 38 09 34 09 31 01 32 01 34 0D C3 0A 02 17 19 18 84 D5 01 C5 FE 02 1F 81 14 43 0D 0E 44 01 0F 05 0E 05 0E 09 14 09 43 11 05 C3 14 85 3C 02 01 14 8D C7 5C 00 32 C6 04 C5 0A 00 39 C8 60 C5 64 04 34 09 34 0D 37 C2 34 C3 0A 05 31 01 17 19 14 19 8D 16 05 C2 A6 01 89 1F 86 1F 05 C5 14 83 9A 03 03 10 81 19 85 C5 5C C5 02 C9 62 03 34 05 38 01 C9 C4 02 FF 00 39 C8 72 00 39 C4 8A CB C6 87 24 07 C3 DA 87 F2 06 83 7A 01 02 37 01 19 C2 60 03 34 0D 34 09 C7 BC 85 4C 07 88 46 07 CA 64 01 37 09 C3 BE C7 CC C5 E8 C2 C6 84 8D 01 85 28 07 C7 9E C5 7A 04 19 85 38 01 34 C4 60 02 39 05 39 89 2F 07 84 AD 07 8B 42 07 8D 9A 07 C4 6A C2 38 C7 50 03 19 81 11 85 83 E2 07 C3 FA C7 9A C5 DE C3 D0 00 32 C6 60 C3 92 05 17 11 18 11 17 15 CB 4E C5 64 8B 38 07 89 0E 08 C3 F4 C3 C2 00 19 84 81 07 C5 5E CB 9A C5 E0 01 34 0D C5 C0 C3 34 C5 8A CF AE C3 C8 87 6C 08 CD 14 85 74 08 C3 A0 C5 CC CD 9A C3 C6 C3 72 83 E0 07 C3 78 C7 60 CF 4C DB 0E 83 A6 08 C3 A0 85 4C 07 CD 86 C3 1C C3 B8 00 10 84 D5 04 83 D4 08 C3 C0 97 5C 04 D5 74 C3 DC C5 C0 92 C2 08 C6 F8 C5 60 02 39 01 17 84 55 04 F8 27 60 07 30 01 2F 01 2A 01 2B 01 83 5E 03 83 42 08 D9 F6 C3 C0 C7 BE 85 1A 02 F8 23 C2 08 00 81 01 81 02 81 03 81 04 94 6B 09 CD 60 C2 80 86 DD 08 C3 6A 8F 24 09 D5 D0 08 20 11 21 11 22 81 23 81 24 F8 24 60 00 31 86 87 0A C3 6A DB 8C 93 F2 01 83 98 08 9B D0 09 C5 60 C3 BE 85 E2 08 F8 2D 60 87 1E 0A D7 F4 85 3E 08 01 17 01 85 56 04 9D C2 0A D1 3C 83 3A 07 DD 60 83 68 09 06 14 85 14 01 11 05 1F 84 83 08 F8 2B BE 85 0A 08 DB C0 87 26 0A C5 02 C9 BE F0 23 4E 0B C3 3C 83 38 07 DB C0 85 FC 09 86 C6 06 00 19 C7 BE C3 76 F8 21 C8 C3 3C 83 F8 07 00 19 F8 20 60 83 7A 01 85 34 09 03 37 0D 37 01 83 9C 08 C9 C8 43 38 01 CB CC C9 DA 85 14 08 83 FE 08 D7 C0 C3 E2 C7 20 87 18 0A 89 A8 07 87 A4 07 8D 98 07 89 0A 08 85 74 08 83 88 0A 01 19 85 8F 24 09 C5 98 C3 5E C3 C0 C3 E0 C4 58 84 FB 07 00 39 8C 37 07 C2 0E C2 D6 85 B6 0A 01 2A 05 87 58 0D 8D 76 0D 01 19 85 8C 5E 08 C4 5A 89 88 07 C7 E0 85 A6 08 01 34 05 C3 D4 C7 30 87 92 0D 85 16 0B 03 0C 15 17 15 89 BE 08 C7 FE 87 E2 08 89 0C 08 C9 5C C5 C0 85 FA 03 85 B2 07 C2 76 02 51 31 51 C2 04 C4 64 C3 88 C3 CE 83 76 0B 83 1E 01 85 02 0A 85 6C 08 C3 BE 85 88 0A 01 14 85 C3 78 C7 F6 C8 48 C6 02 87 2A 0A 04 0E 11 18 11 16 84 E3 07 83 4E 07 01 16 81 83 0C 09 89 94 07 83 3E 08 C5 4A 8B 0C 08 87 20 0D D3 C2 C5 C0 C7 82 85 20 05 83 42 08 87 7A 0A C3 98 C5 64 C5 CA 87 06 0C 89 6C 08 C5 BE 85 B8 04 01 17 15 8B 52 0E 87 54 08 87 04 0C 89 22 0D 01 37 5D 44 FF 50 88 DD 04 C7 64 02 31 01 17 84 71 07 02 14 05 0E C2 CE 01 2A 05 8D AE 04 C4 8C 00 81 83 C4 04 8B 9E 07 83 0A 09 8D 0E 05 09 19 85 1D C4 1C 54 1C 50 1D 50 CB 78 C3 3C C3 02 89 D2 07 00 0C 88 E9 04 CD 06 89 5C 04 CF 80 C7 C0 00 43 43 04 42 02 00 43 00 CD D8 F8 27 0C D5 A0 CB C0 00 63 43 94 62 02 90 63 90 F8 37 60 00 43 43 94 42 01 90 43 CC 40 E4 BC 00 00 D2 29 00 00 93 C3 0C 02 92 93 93 34 00 C2 1D 00 92 C4 1A 00 92 C7 0D C9 3A C4 19 C3 3E C2 1C C6 27 C5 1E C5 25 01 02 41 30 00 CB 3E CF 0E 02 00 02 FF E4 2D 00 01 02 FE E4 2B 00 03 12 00 02 FD E4 47 00 03 12 00 00 52 3B 00 02 14 07 54 CB 7A 00 13 CF 8B CE 3D C2 21 01 13 52 C7 35 C7 2E 00 52 C2 38 00 52 C2 49 D0 3E E4 23 00 C2 3D E4 F3 00 8D 44 13 8D FA 12 9D AC 12 F8 26 32 DF 31 88 E7 12 DA 5C C7 95 C9 81 F8 30 6E 01 00 92 C7 E9 01 12 13 9A FF 13 F8 20 84 E4 80 00 9A 9F 14 D7 1B F8 43 D5 01 94 95 F8 30 8F 84 EF 12 F0 7D 4C 12 F0 69 41 15 F8 63 8C F0 55 9F 14 9B 87 16 86 FE 13 01 FF FE 87 B3 13 8B BC 17 C3 8F D1 3C 87 2A 14 CA 57 D7 61 CE D0 CE 89 C5 EE D3 9D 02 03 02 01 D0 BB 89 2A 14 C7 D0 C9 12 00 42 C9 C0 38 00 F0 2B 68 14 F8 23 50 2B 00 23 01 25 00 47 3F 01 00 3E C4 04 C3 06 03 D6 02 D7 02 51 3F 01 F8 3F 20 C5 5E C5 62 C7 70 F8 47 20 C5 5A 00 3D CA 5C CF 6C F8 3B 20 C5 F6 C7 BC C7 6C C3 6E F8 45 20 C9 FE C7 FA 05 3D 01 B4 02 B5 02 CD 22 F8 3F 20 C9 62 C3 EA 02 D4 02 D5 F8 46 20 C5 FE 03 B6 02 B7 02 87 78 1B CB E0 F8 47 20 8D 14 1B CB 5A F8 3F 20 C9 F8 C7 C4 CD 16 F8 3F 20 C3 F8 C5 FA C5 C4 8D 6C 1B C5 F8 F8 3B 20 C5 F8 91 DE 1B CD F8 F8 39 20 8B 20 1C 8F 66 1B 8D 1C 1E F8 35 20 89 34 1C 8B EA 1C 8D D2 1B F8 3B 20 85 92 1C C9 60 91 9E 1C F8 3F 20 CD 08 8F 1C 1E F8 43 20 8D 22 1F 8B 48 1D F8 4B 20 F3 FF 0C 1B F3 FF 0C 1F F3 F5 0C 1D 00 00

IMPORTANT: while making the room, I needed to change a few small things that aren't part of the level data, so you must also apply these edits if you're using my room design to follow this guide:

Open level_entries.txt and change 2737DC into 273B00, near the very bottom. This expands the maximum amount of level data allowed for room 7E9A0 from 1244 to 2048.

Right-click on PLM $03 and choose entry $EF83 in the PLM Selector (missile expansion hidden in scenery) instead of $EEDB (normal missile expansion).

Right-click on PLM $04 and choose entry $E8F7 in the PLM Selector (super missile expansion hidden in scenery) instead of $EEDF (normal missile expansion).

Optional: change the Up Scroll value from 70 to 99. Doing this makes the grapple blocks easier for the player to see, and only affects cells #2 and #3, which are ascent rooms, so seeing more of what's above Samus is nice.

28.

Enemy setup. Because there are so many different enemies in the game, I won't be explaining all of them here. Doing that would take up most of this already enormous guide. The enemy and bosses page has that information and more.

Also, check the basic instructions for most enemies given to you in the "Enemy Info" section of SMILE's enemy editor. If the Enemy Info area says "[NO TEXT FILE FOUND]", then this almost always means that the enemy will work just fine with its "Special" value set to $2000, and its "Graphics", "Tilemaps", "Speed" and "Speed 2" values all set to $0000.

Enemies are a big deal, and placing them correctly can be harder than it seems. Some require only choosing the enemy and placing it somewhere in the room to function. Others are more complex, needing multiple enemies ("pieces"), and edited values that adjust certain behaviors (mostly "Speed" and "Speed 2") before they'll work. If your enemy choices and enemy placements are not great, then it won't matter how well-designed the rest of your hack is. Enemies should feel like they belong exactly where they are.

Right now, the Enemy Set and Enemy GFX pointers (847A and 8A01) are what room 792B3 uses, so if we move an enemy or change it into something different in room 7E9A0, the same exact thing will also happen in room 792B3. Two repoints will fix this. Unhide room 7E9A0's enemies.

"ENEMY SET" POINTER

Points to a set of 16-byte strings in bank $A1. The number of enemies in the room is how many of these 16-byte strings will be found at this pointer, until ending with a required instance of "FF FF". The data in these 16-byte strings contains all of the settings for that particular enemy that have been made through the enemy editor's Enemy Selector and Enemy Data areas.

"ENEMY GFX" POINTER

Points to a string of data that's 6-18 bytes long in bank $B4, which make up the contents of the Room Enemies list (enemy editor, #28). Each enemy in the Room Enemies list is 4 bytes (2 bytes for the enemy ID entry, and 2 bytes for the palette entry next to it), with a required instance of "FF FF" at the end. You will need to repoint the Enemy GFX if you want to add more entries to the list than what the room has by default. Maximum of four list entries.

We need to find some free space in banks $A1 and $B4. For Enemy Set, I'll be using 10EBE0, and for Enemy GFX, it'll be 1A74C0. In an unedited Super Metroid ROM, there is nothing but "FF" bytes at both of those addresses, which is more than enough free space to work with. This gives us Enemy Set = EBE0 and Enemy GFX = F4C0 as our new pointers.

In SMILE RF, change 847A into EBE0 and 8A01 into F4C0, uncheck the "Overwrite Data" checkbox, then click the "Save Pointers" button, which will cause all of the enemies in the room to disappear. With that done, room 7E9A0 can now have its own enemies. Using SMILE RF's "Enemies / PLMs" scroller to add in blank new enemies will work (the same way we added in those first two PLMs earlier), but for the sake of learning more, let's add these enemies with HxD.

Copy/paste-write these bytes at these two pointer addresses and save the ROM:

10EBE0: FF E7 C0 01 80 00 00 00 00 A0 00 00 09 00 00 00 FF E7 50 01 C0 00 00 00 00 A0 00 00 05 00 00 00 D3 F1 B8 00 C3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00 D3 F1 09 01 D3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00 D3 F1 48 02 D3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF DC 53 01 C8 02 03 00 01 68 00 00 01 00 00 00 FF DC 63 01 C8 02 03 00 00 68 00 00 02 00 00 00 7F D4 74 02 BD 01 00 00 00 28 00 00 18 00 01 00 FF FF

1A74C0: FF E7 01 00 D3 F1 02 00 FF DC 03 00 7F D4 07 00 FF FF

Now you can refresh room 7E9A0 in SMILE and see all of its enemies! That's all of the actual work you have to do on enemies in this guide. The rest of this enemy section is purely informational.

Strings of enemy data look about the same as door data and PLM data strings, so this should all be nice and simple once we examine that data more thoroughly.

Enemy Set (10EBE0):

Enemy Set has a lot of data, so we'll look at it in two ways. Each enemy in the room uses 16 bytes of this data, so if we break it up into 16-byte rows and number them, it starts to look a little more like something. This is data for 8 enemies, but a room can have up to 32:

Enemy Index $00: FF E7 C0 01 80 00 00 00 00 A0 00 00 09 00 00 00
Enemy Index $01: FF E7 50 01 C0 00 00 00 00 A0 00 00 05 00 00 00
Enemy Index $02: D3 F1 B8 00 C3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00
Enemy Index $03: D3 F1 09 01 D3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00
Enemy Index $04: D3 F1 48 02 D3 00 00 00 00 61 00 00 00 00 00 00
Enemy Index $05: FF DC 53 01 C8 02 03 00 01 68 00 00 01 00 00 00
Enemy Index $06: FF DC 63 01 C8 02 03 00 00 68 00 00 02 00 00 00
Enemy Index $07: 7F D4 74 02 BD 01 00 00 00 28 00 00 18 00 01 00
End data string: FF FF ##?

The "FF FF" at the very end is always required after the final enemy index, which for room 7E9A0, is $07. If any gray door caps in the room require a certain number of enemies to be killed by Samus before they can be opened, then that number goes where the "##?" is, otherwise no number is used there at all.

An easy way to always know where the current Enemy Set data ends is to count straight down from the offset until you see the ending bytes (in the example above, you'd count straight down from 10EBE0 until you saw the FF FF). Enemy types are usually grouped together in the Enemy Set data (again, in the example above, notice how all three instances of enemy $F1D3, or "D3 F1" are right next to each other).

In SMILE, placing your cursor on an enemy will display a yellow "Enemy Index $__" pop-up that tells you that particular enemy's index number, which as you can see in the 16-byte hex byte columns above, is that enemy's order in the Enemy Set pointer's data string. Here are all of room 7E9A0's enemy indexes, as they appear in SMILE:

Certain enemies (wrecked ship ghosts, bosses) need to be the first enemy in the room to work, which is enemy index $00. Indexes for multi-piece/possessor enemies must be next to each other. Most of the values in these 16-byte enemy strings are edited in SMILE's enemy editor, through the "Enemy Data" section that's underneath the enemy's preview picture:

Since the above screenshot has a picture of enemy $07's values, let's take a look at its 16-byte data string and label them. Notice how the Special, Speed, and other values are the same between the above screenshot and enemy $07's values below:

Enemy Index $07:

7F D4  <-- Enemy Selector entry D47F (Ripper)
74 02  <-- X position in room
BD 01  <-- Y position in room
00 00  <-- "Tilemaps" value
00 28  <-- "Special" value
00 00  <-- "Graphics" value
18 00  <-- "Speed" value
01 00  <-- "Speed 2" value

These Enemy Data values are the only ones that are unique to the individual enemy. Changing any of the values under the "Enemy Header AI", "Main AI Pointers", or "Enemy Graphics" sections on the right half of the enemy editor would affect every Ripper in the entire game.

Enemy GFX (1A74C0):

The data strings for Enemy GFX are much simpler than Enemy Set, because they make up the contents of the "Room Enemies" list and nothing more, which is located on the bottom-right of the enemy editor window. The example below is the longest that the data string for a room's Enemy GFX pointer can get, because four different enemy types is the most that any room can have. Two exceptions to this are elevators ($B70B) and escape steam ($E1FF), which are allowed to exist in a room without being added to the Room Enemies list. Certain enemies (metroids, bosses) must be at the top of the Room Enemies list to work.

FF E7  <-- Enemy E7FF (Kago)
01 00  <-- Palette 0001

D3 F1  <-- Enemy F1D3 (Zebbo)
02 00  <-- Palette 0002

FF DC  <-- Enemy DCFF (Zoomer)
03 00  <-- Palette 0003

7F D4  <-- Enemy D47F (Ripper)
07 00  <-- Palette 0007

FF FF  <-- Required end of string

Here's where the same data can be seen and edited in SMILE's enemy editor. Should be pretty easy to recognize:

Room Enemies 'Palette' value: enemies should only ever have a "Palette" number of 0001, 0002, 0003, or 0007 in the Room Enemies list. Double-click on a palette number if you want to edit it. Entries can be dragged & dropped if the order needs to be changed. Enemies may share palette numbers, which will apply an enemy's palette to any other enemies in the list above it that are using the same number, and only for rooms that use this Enemy GFX pointer. The original Super Metroid uses this cool trick on a few enemies, such as the orange fish in room 7D104, and the red/blue cactii in rooms 7ACB3 and 7D9FE.

OPTIONAL: let's use the same trick for our room. The two Zoomers (enemies $05 and $06) in cell #2 are set to respawn from a little tunnel, which makes them different from any other Zoomers used in Super Metroid. Making these Zoomers use different colors will further set them apart, and almost make them seem like a different type of enemy. Right-click on one of the Zoomers and open up the enemy editor. In the Room Enemies list, double-click the 0003 next to $DCFF and change it to 0007, then click the Save button. Done. This gives us Zoomers that now use Ripper's colors for room 7E9A0 only. Here's a picture of that, plus some other examples:

The palette number itself being shared between the enemies doesn't matter as much. The "Zoomer with Ripper palette" example would also work if both enemies were using palette number 0003, and the "Zoomer with Zebbo palette" example would work if both enemies used palette 0002.

If you swapped the Zoomer and Ripper's places on the Room Enemies list by dragging & dropping one of them, you would get the opposite effect, which is room 7E9A0's Rippers using Zoomer's colors:

Palette 0007 allows enemies to be drawn behind water that's being darkened by value 14 in FX Transparency menu #2.

MULTIPLE-PIECE ENEMIES, POSSESSOR ENEMIES

Not all multi-piece enemies are possessors, but all possessors are multi-piece enemies. Possessors usually require at least two pieces (enemy indexes) to function completely, and some of them will forcibly use a neighboring enemy index (usually the next entry, or multiple entries following it) as its other piece, which could cause the game to crash if the index it uses isn't the right enemy type. Incorrect Enemy Data values for possessors are also able to easily crash the game.

List of possessor types, possessor enemies, and multi-piece enemies:

Multi-piece enemies don't require all of their pieces to be used. Holtz, Geruta and Squeept only use their second piece to animate their flame graphics separately from their main body animations, which means that excluding their second piece will only turn off the flame. This could actually be used alongside a Room Enemies shared Palette value to make variants that don't look so much like they're from a fire area (i.e., a blue Squeept that jumps out of water instead of lava would look fine without its flame piece). Multi-piece enemies aren't actually possessors, because their pieces are only layered enemies with different Enemy Data values (usually Speed and Tilemaps).

ENEMY HEADERS

Each enemy header uses 64 bytes in bank $A0. As with the room headers in bank $8F, these enemy headers are just a big string of pointers that each handle different parts of an enemy's overall AI.

Let's look at Zoomer's header as an example, located at 105CFF. Remember that this is the Zoomer's main code, so if any of the values below are edited, every Zoomer in the game will be affected (along with any other enemy types that share the same pointers).

Here are the raw bytes for Zoomer's header, copied from the ROM: 00 06 B0 E5 0F 00 05 00 08 00 08 00 A3 00 23 00 00 00 69 E6 01 00 01 00 C2 E6 0A 80 4C 80 41 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 23 80 2D 80 00 00 00 80 AE 05 24 F2 48 EC DB E1

And here are the bytes for Zoomer's header, arranged vertically and labeled:

00 06     <-- GFX Size
B0 E5     <-- Enemy Palette pointer
0F 00     <-- Energy
05 00     <-- Damage
08 00     <-- Width
08 00     <-- Height
A3        <-- AI Bank
00        <-- Hurt Flash duration
23 00     <-- Hurt Sound
00 00     <-- Boss Value
69 E6     <-- Initiation AI
01 00     <-- Possessors
01 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #1: $0016,X]
C2 E6     <-- Main AI
0A 80     <-- Grapple AI
4C 80     <-- Hurt AI
41 80     <-- Frozen AI
00 00     <-- X-Ray AI
00 00     <-- Death Animation
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #2: $0024,X]
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #3: $0026,X]
00 00     <-- Power Bomb AI
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #4: $002A,X]
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #5: $002C,X]
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #6: $002E,X]
23 80     <-- Touch AI
2D 80     <-- Shot AI
00 00     <-- UNUSED [Extra AI #7: $0034,X]
00 80 AE  <-- Enemy Graphics pointer
05        <-- Layer Priority
24 F2     <-- Drops pointer
48 EC     <-- Enemy Weaknesses pointer
DB E1     <-- Enemy Name pointer

These values can all be edited in SMILE RF, and are labeled as such.

The enemy editor has more info about what each pointer does. There's also PJBoy's enemy header values list.

ENEMY PROJECTILES

Enemy projectiles are mostly separate from the enemies that use them. The projectiles aren't actually enemies themselves, but they can sometimes behave sort of like an enemy, and they usually get their graphics and colors from their respective enemy's tilemap. Thanks to Kejardon, Cardweaver, and Crashtour99 for gathering this info.

Just like door data, enemy indexes, PLMs and a lot of other things, enemy projectile headers are just a simple array with a fixed length. For projectiles, the string is always 14 bytes long, and all of the enemy projectile headers are located in bank $86. You probably won't need to edit enemy projectiles unless your hack is really extensive, and you can't really repoint or add more projectiles without some assembly knowledge.

List of enemy projectiles:

D02E: Kago's bugs (enemy $E7FF)
A17B: Space pirate's eye lasers
A189: Claws that fighting space pirates throw at Samus
CF26: Kihunter acid, going right (enemies $EABF, $EB3F, $EBBF)
CF18: Kihunter acid, going left (enemies $EABF, $EB3F, $EBBF)
9E90: Walking dragon's fireballs (enemy $E9BF)
B5CB: Lava dragon's fireballs (enemy $D4BF)
8BC2: Skree's debris #1 (enemy $DB7F)
8BD0: Skree's debris #2 (enemy $DB7F)
8BDE: Skree's debris #3 (enemy $DB7F)
8BEC: Skree's debris #4 (enemy $DB7F)
8BFA: Metalee's debris #1 (enemy $D67F)
8C08: Metalee's debris #2 (enemy $D67F)
8C16: Metalee's debris #3 (enemy $D67F)
8C24: Metalee's debris #4 (enemy $D67F)
DAFE: Cactus' needles, projectile runs once for each of the five needles (enemy $CFFF)
DFBC: Eyed version of Name & Fune's fireball (enemy $E73F)
DFCA: Eyeless version of Name & Fune's fireball (enemy $E6FF)
E0E0: Lava clumps thrown by lavaman (enemy $E83F)
D298: Puu's debris when it explodes (enemy $E8BF)
D2D0: Wrecked ship robot's ring lasers, travelling up right (enemy $E8FF)
D2B4: Wrecked ship robot's ring lasers, travelling left (enemy $E8FF)
D2A6: Wrecked ship robot's ring lasers, travelling up left (enemy $E8FF)
D2C2: Wrecked ship robot's ring lasers, travelling down right (enemy $E8FF)
D2DE: Wrecked ship robot's ring lasers, travelling down left (enemy $E8FF)
F498: Wrecked ship's falling green sparks (enemy $EA3F)
BD5A: Flying rocky debris in Norfair (enemy $D1FF)
9DB0: Rocks that mini Kraid spits (enemy $E0FF)
9DBE: Mini Kraid's belly spikes, facing left (enemy $E0FF)
9DCC: Mini Kraid's belly spikes, facing right (enemy $E0FF)
A985: Bomb Torizo's explosive hand swipe (enemy $EEFF)
AEA8: Bomb Torizo's crescent projectile (enemy $EEFF)
AD5E: Orbs that Bomb Torizo spits (enemy $EEFF)
DE6C: Spore spawners? (enemy $DF3F)
DE88: Spore spawners? (enemy $DF3F)
DE7A: Spore Spawn's spores (enemy $DF3F)
9C6F: Rocks when Kraid rises (enemy $E2BF)
9C61: Rocks when Kraid rises again (enemy $E2BF)
9C45: Rocks that Kraid spits (enemy $E2BF)
9C53: Rocks that fall when Kraid's ceiling crumbles (enemy $E2BF)
(Kraid's flying claws and belly spike platforms aren't enemy projectiles.)
8F8F: Glowing orbs that Crocomire spits (enemy $DDBF)
8F9D: Blocks crumbling underneath Crocomire (enemy $DDBF)
90C1: Crocomire's spike wall when it crumbles (enemy $DDBF)
9C37: Phantoon's starting fireballs (enemy $E4BF)
9C29: All of Phantoon's other fireballs (enemy $E4BF)
EBA0: Botwoon's wall? (enemy $F293)
EC48: Botwoon's green spit (enemy $F293)
8E5E: Draygon's wall turret projectiles (enemy $DE3F)
8E50: Draygon gunk (enemy $DE3F)
B428: Golden Torizo's eye beam (enemy $EF7F)
AFE5: Golden Torizo preparing to attack; equipment check? (enemy $EF7F)
AFF3: Golden Torizo preparing to attack; equipment check? (enemy $EF7F)
AD7A: Orbs that Golden Torizo spits  (enemy $EF7F)
AEB6: Golden Torizo's crescent projectile; doesn't run if Samus's ammo is too low (enemy $EF7F)
B31A: Super missile that Golden Torizo throws at Samus (enemy $EF7F)
B1C0: Hatchlings that Golden Torizo uses when it's almost dead (enemy $EF7F)
9642: Ridley's fireball (enemy $E17F)
965E: Something for Ridley (enemy $E17F)
9688: Something for Ridley (enemy $E17F)
9696: Something for Ridley (enemy $E17F)
C17E: Something for Mother Brain; spawning turrets? (enemy $EC3F)
C18C: Mother Brain's turret bullets (enemy $EC3F)
CEFC: Mother Brain's glass shattering (enemy $EC3F)
CF0A: Mother Brain's glass shards falling (enemy $EC3F)
CB91: Mother Brain's mother brain's saliva (enemy $EC3F)
CB2F: Mother Brain's purple breath, larger puff (enemy $EC3F)
CB3D: Mother Brain's purple breath, smaller puff (enemy $EC3F)
CB4B: Mother Brain's blue ring lasers (enemy $EC3F)
A17B: Mother Brain's space pirate eye laser (enemy $EC3F)
CB59: Mother Brain's bomb as it spawns from her mouth (enemy $EC3F)
9650: Mother Brain's bomb as it bounces on ground (enemy $EC3F)
966C: Mother Brain's bomb as it explodes (enemy $EC3F)
967A: Mother Brain's bomb as it explodes again (enemy $EC3F)
CB67: Mother Brain's orange chain explosion beam starting (enemy $EC3F)
CB75: Mother Brain's orange chain explosion beam running (enemy $EC3F)
CB83: Animated graphics in front of Mother Brain's eye while rainbow beam attack charges (enemy $EC3F)
CBAD: Mother Brain's rainbow beam firing, runs while beam is active (enemy $EC3F)
B743: Eye door projectiles (PLMs $DB48 and $DB56)
D904: Created by the glass Maridia tube exploding (PLM $D70C, enemy $F0BF)
D912: Created by the glass Maridia tube exploding (PLM $D70C, enemy $F0BF)
D920: Created by the glass Maridia tube exploding (PLM $D70C, enemy $F0BF)
F345: Enemy death graphics (different types of explosions, particles, etc.)
F337: Unknown/varies. Spawning larger quantities of energy/ammo drops?
E509: Unknown/varies. Used by boulder enemies, Kraid, Crocomire, Ridley, Mother Brain.
EC95: Unknown/varies. Runs when rooms with acid are loaded.

For our example, let's look at the projectile data for "DAFE: Cactus' needles", which we view by converting $86:DAFE (LoROM) into 35AFE (PC), and going to offset 35AFE with HxD. The 14 bytes we see at that spot ("Block: 35AFE-35B0B") are "92 D9 DB D9 2E D9 02 02 05 00 00 00 FC 84", which are arranged vertically below:

92 D9  <-- Initialization code
DB D9  <-- First AI pointer
2E D9  <-- Graphic AI pointer
02     <-- Hit box X radius
02     <-- Hit box Y radius
05 00  <-- Contact flags + damage
00 00  <-- Contact graphic AI pointer
FC 84  <-- Projectile graphic AI pointer

If you change the contact flags + damage value to 8050 instead of 0050, and the projectile graphic AI pointer to D064 instead of 84FC for the cactus' needles (or copy/paste-write the bytes "92 D9 DB D9 2E D9 02 02 05 80 00 00 64 D0" at offset 35AFE), Samus will then be able to shoot the cactus needles and destroy them for energy/ammo pick-ups. This can be done to most of the enemy projectiles in the game.

"ENEMY PALETTE" POINTER

Always uses 32 bytes, which must be in the same bank as the enemy's "AI Bank". Editable in SMILE's enemy editor, easy to repoint. These are the enemy type's default colors, so changing them will affect every instance of that enemy type in the game, as well as any other enemies that use its colors by sharing the same Palette number in the Room Enemies list.

"ENEMY WEAKNESSES" POINTER

Always uses 22 bytes, which must be in bank $B4. Editable in SMILE's enemy editor, easy to repoint. Damage multiplier can use a value between 0-F. $0 = no damage. $1 = default (1x) damage to enemy. $4 = double (2x) damage to enemy, etc. Before editing any of these weakness values with SMILE, make certain that none of the other enemies share the same weakness pointer, and if they do, either make sure you're okay with multiple enemies sharing the pointer data you're about to edit, or give the enemy a new Enemy Weakness pointer. Does not require "FF FF" at the end of the string.

"ENEMY DROPS" POINTER

Always uses 6 bytes, which must be in bank $B4. Editable in SMILE's enemy editor, easy to repoint. From left to right: small energy, large energy, missile, nothing, super missile, power bomb. The sum of all six bytes should be exactly FF. Does not require "FF FF" at the end of the string.

UNUSED DATA -- ENEMY GFX SET NAMES

8 bytes in bank $B4. Enemy GFX names are unused, and can be overwritten with different stuff. To see enemy GFX names, just go to the data in a room's Enemy GFX pointer, and look at the 8 bytes immediately before the offset (e.g., room 792B3's enemy GFX is 1A00A1 by default, which means that its enemy GFX name bytes are located at 1A0099-1A00A0).

UNUSED DATA -- BETA ENEMY NAMES

14 bytes in bank $B4. Enemy beta names are unused, and can be overwritten. Enemy beta names are all located at offset 1A5D86, and each enemy's name pointer simply points to its respective name here (e.g., Atomic's name pointer is DD97, meaning its name is located at $B4:DD97).

GENERAL ENEMY INFORMATION

Graphic limitations: enemy graphics for a room are a limitation you'll run into sooner or later, which can happen if you use multiple large or complex enemies with many animations. For example, space pirates use many graphics for all of their animations, so fitting three other different enemy types in a room with space pirates can be a little difficult, because now you're limited to smaller enemies with fewer animation frames. If an enemy type is having graphical problems, and you're sure you've set up the Enemy GFX pointer / Room Enemies list correctly, try removing an entry from the Room Enemies list and see if that fixes it. If an enemy type is not on the Room Enemies list, its graphics will not load properly.

Audio limitations: a few enemies require certain background songs to be playing for their sounds to work correctly (metroids, Maridia snails, bosses, and a few others). This is because the sound itself is tied to the instruments being used in the song. Thankfully, it only takes editing a few bytes at most to make them use a different sound, which is a great work-around for this limitation. See hex editing > sound effects.

Off-screen limitations: the "Move Off-Screen" checkbox shouldn't be used on too many enemies for a single room. The complexity of the enemy's AI affects how many of them can be set to move off-screen before it becomes too much for the game to process smoothly. Be careful after about four or five off-screen enemies; by then, it might become easy to experience lag if too many other enemies are able to appear on-screen at once.

On-screen limitations: too many enemies visible on the screen at the same time will cause the game to start lagging, even if none of the room's enemies have their "Move Off-Screen" checkbox checked. The swarm of tiny enemies that guard Bomb Torizo's room early in the game is a good example of the approximate maximum size that a cluster of enemies should be. For larger or more complex enemies, the number will need to be smaller.

Wandering enemies: misplaced slopes can cause crawling enemies to drop from walls and ceilings. For any room that uses crawling enemies, make certain that the enemies are able to crawl completely around the room without falling or getting stuck in an awkward loop somewhere. For ANY enemy that's able to move around freely or deviate slightly from moving in a completely fixed pattern, you should test how far from its original position it's able to go, and try to consider all of the ways that the player could possibly interact with the enemy.

For enemies like Waver ($D63F) and Multiviola ($D1BF), which fly around all over the place, you can test them out by checking their "Move Off-Screen" checkbox, then using the fast-forward function in your emulator for about 15 seconds or more. By that time, the enemies will have either gotten wedged in somewhere, or they will be stuck in a loop. You want them to get stuck in a loop, because it means that they'll never stop moving until Samus kills them. The size and length of time that it takes for them to complete the loop will vary, so test and re-test until they end up looping in a way that you like.

Enemy-specific limitations & quirks:

• Shutter enemies can briefly screen-wrap at the top of the screen and appear at the bottom for a few frames, so it's best to limit them to hallways.
• Changing physics will affect the Etecoons' ability to demonstrate walljumps.
• The dead & dried Tourian enemies must have their 'enemies to clear room' value set to 00, which is at the very end of the Enemy Set data string, after the FF FF.
• Shaktool's scroll color changes might need to be removed if you're editing the enemy's positioning or room shape.
• Mocktroids will crash the game if set to respawn.
• Space pirates have a large vertical frozen hitbox.
• Wall-climbing space pirates will climb up and down through the air if something solid isn't there to stop them.
• Walking dragons don't recognize slopes, and fall slowly if allowed to walk off of ledges.
• Some respawning enemies will count towards the 'enemies to clear room' amount needed to unlock gray doors.
• Enemy placement doesn't always mean that that's where the enemy will appear in the room. Sometimes the enemy's initialization AI will determine the enemy's position instead, and therefore must be changed with a hex editor. This mainly applies to bosses.
• If Samus gets force-crouched between frozen enemies and the ceiling, it's possible to get locked in-place until the enemy unfreezes. This is kind of unavoidable for wandering enemies, but for fixed-movement enemies like ripper, keeping three tiles between them and any ceilings will fix the problem. Also, if a flying enemy such as Gamet is perfectly level with the platform that Samus is standing on and then frozen, standing on the frozen Gamet can sink Samus 1px down into the platform.
• Mocktroid & metroid's draining touch AI only works in bank $A3. "Shot reflected" also only works in bank $A3.
• Enemies that require the "Invisible" checkbox checked: not necessarily required, but usually used by respawning flies like Zeb/Zebbo (enemies $F193 and $F1D3), and by some multi-piece enemies.
• Enemies that require the "Non-Responsive" checkbox to be checked: usually used by extra enemies that are meant to be used by possessors.
• Enemies that require the "Extended Tilemap Format" checkbox to be checked: all space pirates, Oum ($D37F), Shutters ($D4FF-$D5FF), Bang ($DB3F), and bosses.
• Enemies that require the "Disable Movement / Animations" checkbox to be checked: Bang ($DB3F), and probably also some boss parts.
• Enemies that must be at the top of the Room Enemies list: most bosses, metroids, Wrecked Ship ghosts.
• Enemies that should NOT be added to the Room Enemies list: elevators, escape steam, Zebetites, Kihunter's wings, Evir's projectile, Kzan duplicate, probably some others.
• Enemies that require being the first enemy in the room (Enemy Index $00): Wrecked Ship ghosts, probably bosses and some others.
• Enemies with sound effects that rely on certain songs to be playing: Wrecked Ship ghosts, metroids, Yards ($DBBF), Name/Fune ($E6FF/$E73F), Etecoons ($E5BF), the broken Maridia glass tube, Mother Brain's case, most bosses

If you want a room to have no enemies at all, change its Enemy Set and Enemy GFX pointers both to 8000.

COPYING ENEMY HEADERS ("ENEMY CLONING")

Copied enemy headers are explained much more thoroughly in an older guide for SMILE 2.5 that includes pictures. In the context of this guide, it's easy to explain exactly how enemy header copying works:

To clone an enemy type, all you need to do is copy/paste-write its 64-byte header to some free space in bank $A0, and then make copies of its .GIF and .TXT files for SMILE RF. The filenames of these copied .GIF and .TXT files should be the last 4 digits of the LoROM address in bank $A0 that the enemy clone's header is located, as with all other enemies (e.g., if you pasted a copied enemy header at 1077E0, you'd name the copied files F7E0.GIF and F7E0.TXT). You can also overwrite an existing enemy header, which doesn't require copying the .GIF and .TXT files for that enemy, although you will still see the overwritten enemy's GIF/TXT files in SMILE unless you update them).

There are a few limitations to what you can do, because copying an enemy's header is not the same thing as copying an enemy's entire AI code (copying an enemy's entire AI is possible, but much harder to do). These limitations are: all sounds except hurt sounds, animation speeds, actual AI edits, and special colors that aren't part of an enemy's default palette.

29.

Layer 3 effects ("FX"), door-specific effects, and palette blends. The "FX / Layer 3" data that's located in bank $83 and editable with SMILE's FX editor only uses 16 bytes. Most of Super Metroid's rooms have their own FX pointer, but a lot of rooms also share them. Repointing a room's FX is as easy as you'd expect: find 16 bytes of free space somewhere in bank $83, convert that offset to a LoROM address, and use the last 4 digits as your new FX pointer. I'm gonna use AF00.

Paste these bytes at offset 1AF00 and save the ROM: 00 00 20 01 60 00 F2 FF 01 04 02 18 82 00 00 00

These bytes are the effects for cell #1, which you can now test if you want. As usual, here are those same bytes, arranged vertically and labeled/explained:

00 00  <-- Door select
20 01  <-- Liquid surface start
60 00  <-- Liquid surface new
F2 FF  <-- Liquid surface speed
01     <-- Liquid surface delay
04     <-- FX type
02     <-- FX bit A
18     <-- FX bit B
82     <-- FX bit C
00     <-- Palette FX bitflags
00     <-- Tile animation bitflags
00     <-- Palette blend

That mostly explains how to apply effects to a room. The "palette FX bitflags" and "tile animation bitflags" do different things for each area (this is why the palette effects are simply called "Unknown" in SMILE RF), and most of them are unused. Here is a list of the FX values by Kejardon.

DOOR-SPECIFIC FX

Cell #1's layer 3 effects work fine, but what about cells #2 and #3? Both of those rooms currently fill up with acid, just like cell #1 does, which we obviously don't want. Cell #1 should be the only part that fills up with acid. This is easily fixed by using another 16-byte FX string, which will only be used when Samus enters room 7E9A0 through a certain door! This means that all three cells can have their own unique effects, which we'll be doing next. Door-specific effects are why the lava and acid in rooms 7AFA3 and 7B4E5 will only rise when Samus enters through the left door.

The first thing you want to do is determine what each cell's effects will be, if possible. If multiple cells are going to use the same effects, it might be easier to decide on a default FX for the room. Cell #1 slowly fills up with acid, so we won't use that as the default. Cells #2 and #3 don't really need to have any special effects, because the cavey Crateria rooms connected to them don't have any effects of their own that would need to be matched for consistency, so it would be easy to use a default FX that covers both of them. For the sake of understanding how to do it more thoroughly, let's give them each their own effects. Cell #2 will use fog, and cell #3 will use falling spores. Spores will be the default FX for room 7E9A0.

Go back to 1AF00 with HxD. Copy/paste-write these bytes at that offset, then save the ROM: AC AD 20 01 60 00 F2 FF 01 04 02 18 83 00 00 00 E4 AD FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 0C 02 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 08 02 18 00 00 00 00

That's data for three different FX setups, which are of course each 16 bytes long. Here are those same bytes, arranged vertically:

AC AD 20 01 60 00 F2 FF 01 04 02 18 83 00 00 00  <-- cell #1 FX

E4 AD FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 0C 02 18 00 00 00 00  <-- cell #2 FX

00 00 FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 08 02 18 00 00 00 00  <-- cell #3 FX (room 7E9A0's default FX values)

The door select value's only purpose is to enable door-specific FX. For rooms without door-specific FX, the door select value should always be 0000. The main difference between each FX string is its use of the door select value (underlined). Something else to remember about door-specific FX, is the fact that it's the door that Samus enters that will set the FX, NOT the door that Samus emerges into the room from. This means that door $01 in room 793AA will set the rising acid for cell #1, NOT door $02 in room 7E9A0. For cell #2, it's door $03 in room 7948C, and for cell #3, it would be door $02 in room 795FF.

Reminder: press Ctrl+D on any door to see that room's available doors, along with each door's location in bank $83. This is the easiest way to find a "door select" value to use for triggering door-specific FX. Room 793AA's door $01 = $ADAC. Room 7948C's door $03 = $ADE4. Room 795FF's door $02 = $AE08. Because spores are the default FX and therefore go at the bottom, door $AE08 doesn't need to be used.

For door-specific FX, the default FX should always be at the bottom, and always have a door select value of 0000, with all of the door-specific FX alternates directly above it in any order, and the room's "FX / Layer 3" pointer pointing to the very top 16-byte FX string. For this room, the top string is at 1AF00. You can do this with as many doors that lead into the room as you want. It also works with doors that don't actually take you to a different room.

You can now also edit the different FX strings using SMILE. Select one of them from the "Door FX Select" drop-down menu at the very top of SMILE's FX editor, and its values will appear in the FX editor.

Because it's so easy to do, let's add one more quick door-specific FX as a finishing touch. In HxD, copy/paste-write these bytes at address 1AEB0 and save the ROM: 88 AD D0 00 80 00 EA FF FF 04 02 1E 42 00 02 48 00 00 D0 00 FF FF 00 00 00 04 02 1E 42 00 02 48

After you've done that, go back into SMILE and change room 793AA's FX pointer from 8100 to AEB0, make certain that the "Overwrite Data" checkbox is unchecked, and then click the "Save Pointers" button. Now room 793AA's acid will rise if Samus enters it through the right door, which can only happen after leaving cell #1. This will create what feels like a small escape sequence after the power bomb expansion in cell #1 has been collected, because the rising acid effect will seem to follow Samus back into room 793AA as she's exiting.

PALETTE BLENDS

In SMILE's palette editor window, entering 04AA02 as the "Address" value, and 7F as the "#" value will show you all of the available palette blend colors at once, which you could edit right now if you wanted to. A palette blend consists of four colors (transparency + three colors), which are used to color the layer 3 FX graphics, such as water, lava, fog, etc. Most palette blends are completely unused, which are seen as repeated black-gray-gray color patterns. These unused palette blend colors are easy to change and use. This picture should make understanding palette blends much easier. Here is the full blend palette:

Remember that because palette blends use four colors, the next three colors after your palette blend value will also be seen (e.g., if you're using palette blend 48, then you'd be looking at colors $48, $4A, $4C and $4E ingame. This is why it's best to keep your palette blend colors together in groups or three or four, although it's not required.

If the palette blend value is set to 00, then four colors from the tileset's palette will be used instead.

OPTIONAL: how to edit an existing palette blend. In the original Super Metroid, all of the water throughout Crateria uses palette blend 48 to make it appear blue. If you wanted to edit blend 48, all you'd have to do to is adjust the red/green/blue sliders for colors $4A, 4C, and optionally $4E, then click the "Save ROM" button. Just like that, all of the 'default' blue water throughout all of Super Metroid is a different color. To change the color of Norfair's lava, edit colors $04, $06 and optionally $08, and if you wanted to affect Maridia's water, you could edit colors $E4-$F4. The third optional color can be used to give the entire room a slight color tint, but is usually left black.

Because each color uses two bytes, it's necessary to count by two for each color that's on the grid. Using an odd value like 03 will mess the colors up, and trying to view an odd address with SMILE's palette editor will cause a jumble of neon colors to display, instead of what you see in the picture above. Only view/use a value from that picture as a palette blend number.

Here are all of the different palette blend numbers used throughout the original Super Metroid: 00, 02, 22, 42, 48, 62, E2, E8, and EE. There's also this document by PJBoy, which lists all of Super Metroid's rooms, along with the palette blend number that's used in the 16-byte FX string for each room. SMILE RF will also generate a list of pointers for every room in your hack if you click the "Export Room Details" button, located in the ROM Stuff tab.

OPTIONAL: how to use unused palette blend colors. This is as easy as just picking a color on the palette blend table, editing it, and then using that value at the end of a room's 16-byte FX string.

You don't actually have to use four colors for each new blend; you can get away with using just three colors for most of them, because liquid/fog/spore graphics are drawn to only use two colors + transparency anyway. Palette blend indexes also don't have to be separated by three or four colors, meaning that you could use 48, 4A, 4C, 4E, etc., as palette blend values for a room if you wanted to, although most of them won't look good, because the colors aren't shaded in the right order to work properly with the layer 3 graphics.

OPTIONAL BUG FIX -- WATER/ACID TRANSPARENCY LINE

Copy/paste-write these bytes at these offsets in HxD and save the ROM (thanks Black Falcon). Doing this allows all palette blends to work completely for rooms that have water and acid in them, without the ugly line of transparency that normally appears (lava doesn't require this fix):

51080 (water): 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38

50840 (acid): 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38 4E 38

OPTIONAL IMPROVEMENT -- ACID GRAPHICS THAT WORK WITH PALETTE BLENDS

This patch by squishy_ichigo modifies acid's graphics so that they use the four palette blend colors like all of the other layer 3 FX graphics do, instead of being stuck sharing their colors with power bomb doors.

SCREEN SHAKES

Screen shakes are an effect used throughout the game, but they aren't part of the room's FX data (firing super missiles can cause screen shakes, for example). I documented most of their locations here, but they aren't labeled yet.

MISCELLANEOUS FX INFORMATION

• BUG: Samus's animations can become slowed down by exiting a watery room (or being in deep-enough water to apply water physics to Samus) and entering another room that isn't submerged. This will happen if the room you enter is using an FX type that isn't water. Using "No FX" or "BG Glow" can also fix the issue.
• If you run into the problem of liquids appearing/disappearing every few seconds over the whole room, unchecking the "Small Tide" and "Large Tide" checkboxes will fix it.

30.

Map editing.

You used the map editor earlier in this guide on step #10 to move room 7E9A0 to a different X/Y location than room 792B3. This time, we're gonna use the map editor place the new map tiles that will show up on both the mini-map and pause map when Samus explores room 7E9A0's three cells.

Using the map editor is pretty straightforward. It works almost exactly the same as the level editor. Right-click on a tile to copy it, then left-click to place the copied tile. Remember that part 1: map editor labels and explains all of the map editor's functions. Using the arrow keys to flip map tiles after you've placed them is much faster than using the "H-Flip" and "V-Flip" checkboxes.

The "Full Map" checkbox hides/unhides any map tiles that are marked with a tiny red dot. The tiny red dot means that the map tile is hidden from map stations. To add the red dot to an existing map tile: right click on the map tile you want hidden, check the "Hidden" checkbox, then left-click on the same map tile that you just right-clicked.

Choose palette 3 from the tiny drop-down menu (map editor, #6), which will make the map graphic table (part 1, map editor #14) blue to match the map. Right-click on tiles from the graphic table to copy, and of course left-click to place them on the map.

Here's what my map looks like now. Notice that I removed the item dot from room 793AA, since the power bomb expansion in that room was moved to the end of cell #1 in room 7E9A0 instead:

重要 - SCYZER'S MAP FIX

通常、Super Metroidのマップを編集することは完全にはうまくいきません。なぜなら、ゲームは最終的に異なるマップを念頭に置いてプログラムされていないからです。 Scyzerは、スーパーメトロイドの地図を保存およびロードするためのコードを書き直し、すべての地域地図を自由に編集できるようにしました。 地図をやり直す予定がある場合、この修正を適用する必要があります。そうしないと、編集内容が正しく更新されません。 この修正はいつでも適用できます。
Scyzerのマップ修正は "KejMap"と呼ばれる古いSMILEバージョンからの組み込みパッチを廃止し、すでにKejMapが適用されているROMに適用することができます。

[Download Scyzer's map fix]

IPSまたはASMのどちらのパッチでも適用できますが、問題ありません。 See IPS/ASM patching.

MAP ICONS

地図のアイコンは、サムスが探索した後にピンク色のパレットに切り替わる地図のタイルとは異なります。マップアイコンは、特定の条件が満たされた後に表示される独立したグラフィックです（通常、サムスはマップ上のどこに行っているのかを示します）。地図アイコンのデータはすべて82ドルの銀行にあります。
マップアイコンのデータ文字列には、2バイト、4バイト、6バイトの3種類があります。これがそれぞれの動作です。
2バイト長：バンク$ 82のアドレスへのポインタ。例： "1480B - 53 C8"は、オフセット14853のクラテリアの保存ステーションアイコンのX / Y位置を示します（53 C8を反転するとC8 53になり、$ 82：C853となり、オフセット14853になります）。 2バイトのポインタは、地図アイコンを追加する場合にのみ編集する必要があります。
長さ4バイト（XX XX YY YY）：すべての地図アイコンの水平方向/垂直方向の位置（エリア名グラフィックアイコンを除く）。
XX XX =左端からピクセル単位で数えた水平位置。
YY YY =一番上から始まる垂直方向の位置（ピクセル単位）。
長さ6バイト（XX XX YY YY ZZ ZZ）：区域名グラフィック・アイコンの水平/垂直方向の位置+区域名グラフィック・アイコンの値。
XX XX =左端からピクセル単位で数えた水平位置。
YY YY =一番上から始まる垂直方向の位置（ピクセル単位）。
ZZ ZZ =区域名グラフィック・アイコン値

各エリアのマップアイコンの位置はすべてここにあります、そしてそれらをどのように編集するか:

CRATERIA:
1474D - 59 C7 [pointer: Crateria area name icons]
147CB - 3B C8 [pointer: Crateria boss icon, unused]
147DB - 00 00 [pointer: Crateria missile refill icon, unused]
147EB - 00 00 [pointer: Crateria energy refill icon, unused]
147FB - 4D C8 [pointer: Crateria map station icon]
1480B - 53 C8 [pointer: Crateria save station icons]
1483B - FE FF FE FF [Crateria boss icon, unused]
1484D - B8 00 40 00 [Crateria map station icon]
14853 - D8 00 28 00 [Crateria save station icon #1, room 791F8]
14857 - 90 00 38 00 [Crateria save station icon #2, room 793D5]
14759 - 30 00 70 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon #1]
1475F - B8 00 B8 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon #2]
14765 - 10 01 68 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon #3]
14771 - C8 01 80 00 5D 00 ["MARIDIA" area name icon]
1476B - 78 01 20 00 5C 00 ["WRECKED SHIP" area name icon]

BRINSTAR:
1474F - 79 C7 [pointer: Brinstar area name icons]
147CD - 9D C8 [pointer: Brinstar boss icon]
147DD - A3 C8 [pointer: Brinstar missile refill icon]
147ED - A9 C8 [pointer: Brinstar energy refill icon]
147FD - B7 C8 [pointer: Brinstar map station icon]
1480D - BD C8 [pointer: Brinstar save station icons]
1489D - BC 01 9C 00 [Brinstar boss icon]
148A3 - 28 00 40 00 [Brinstar missile refill icon]
148A9 - 48 00 68 00 [Brinstar energy refill icon #1]
148AD - 00 01 98 00 [Brinstar energy refill icon #2]
148B1 - A8 01 98 00 [Brinstar energy refill icon #3]
148B7 - 28 00 28 00 [Brinstar map station icon]
148BD - 78 00 28 00 [Brinstar save station icon #1, room 7A184]
148C1 - 40 00 30 00 [Brinstar save station icon #2, room 7A201]
148C5 - 28 00 60 00 [Brinstar save station icon #3, room 7A22A]
148C9 - 88 01 98 00 [Brinstar save station icon #4, room 7A70B]
148CD - 30 01 48 00 [Brinstar save station icon #5, room 7A734]
14779 - 48 00 08 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon #1]
1477F - D0 00 40 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon #2]
14785 - 28 01 20 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon #3]
1478B - 40 01 90 00 5D 00 ["MARIDIA" area name icon]
14791 - 48 01 C0 00 5B 00 ["NORFAIR" area name icon]

NORFAIR:
14751 - 99 C7 [pointer: Norfair area name icons]
147CF - 0B C9 [pointer: Norfair boss icon]
147DF - 00 00 [pointer: Norfair missile refill icon, unused]
147EF - 13 C9 [pointer: Norfair energy refill icon]
147FF - 1D C9 [pointer: Norfair map station icon]
1480F - 23 C9 [pointer: Norfair save station icons]
1490B - B8 00 90 00 [Norfair boss icon]
14913 - A0 00 50 00 [Norfair energy refill icon #1]
14917 - A8 00 80 00 [Norfair energy refill icon #2]
1491D - 48 00 28 00 [Norfair map station icon]
14923 - 60 00 60 00 [Norfair save station icon #1, room 7AAB5]
14927 - A8 00 20 00 [Norfair save station icon #2, room 7B0DD]
1492B - 58 00 30 00 [Norfair save station icon #3, room 7B167]
1492F - 80 00 48 00 [Norfair save station icon #4, room 7B192]
14933 - A0 00 58 00 [Norfair save station icon #5, room 7B1BB]
14937 - 20 01 68 00 [Norfair save station icon #6, room 7B741]
14799 - 50 00 08 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon]

WRECKED SHIP:
14753 - A1 C7 [pointer: Wrecked Ship area name icons]
147D1 - 81 C9 [pointer: Wrecked Ship boss icon]
147E1 - 00 00 [pointer: Wrecked Ship missile refill icon, unused]
147F1 - 00 00 [pointer: Wrecked Ship energy refill icon, unused]
14801 - 8B C9 [pointer: Wrecked Ship map station icon]
14811 - 91 C9 [pointer: Wrecked Ship save station icon]
14981 - 98 00 A0 00 [Wrecked Ship boss icon]
1498B - 68 00 A0 00 [Wrecked Ship map station icon]
14991 - 88 00 78 00 [Wrecked Ship save station icon #1, room 7CE8A]
147A1 - 40 00 80 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon #1]
147A7 - C0 00 80 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon #2]

MARIDIA:
14755 - AF C7 [pointer: Maridia area name icons]
147D3 - DB C9 [pointer: Maridia boss icon]
147E3 - E1 C9 [pointer: Maridia missile refill icon]
147F3 - E7 C9 [pointer: Maridia energy refill icon]
14803 - ED C9 [pointer: Maridia map station icon]
14813 - F3 C9 [pointer: Maridia save station icons]
149DB - 3C 01 54 00 [Maridia boss icon]
149E1 - 30 01 48 00 [Maridia missile refill icon]
149E7 - 50 01 38 00 [Maridia energy refill icon]
149ED - 88 00 90 00 [Maridia map station icon]
149F3 - 60 00 A0 00 [Maridia save station icon #1, room 7CED2]
149F7 - 18 01 28 00 [Maridia save station icon #2, room 7D3DF]
149FB - 98 00 60 00 [Maridia save station icon #3, room 7D765]
149FF - 48 01 38 00 [Maridia save station icon #4, room 7D81A]
147AF - 08 01 08 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon]
147B5 - 30 00 A0 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon #1]
147BB - 78 00 A0 00 5A 00 ["BRINSTAR" area name icon #2]

TOURIAN:
14757 - C3 C7 [pointer: Tourian area name icon]
147D5 - 00 00 [pointer: Tourian boss icon, unused]
147E5 - 00 00 [pointer: Tourian missile refill icon, unused]
147F5 - 49 CA [pointer: Tourian energy refill icon]
14805 - 4F CA [pointer: Tourian map station icon, unused]
14815 - 51 CA [pointer: Tourian save station icons]
14A49 - 58 00 88 00 [Tourian energy refill icon]
14A4F - FF FF [Tourian map station icon location, unused]
14A51 - 80 00 90 00 [Tourian save station icon #1, room 7DE23]
14A55 - A8 00 68 00 [Tourian save station icon #2, room 7DF1B]
147C3 - 98 00 48 00 59 00 ["CRATERIA" area name icon]

CERES:
14759 - 30 00 [pointer: Ceres area name icons, unused]
147D7 - 9B CA [pointer: Ceres boss icon]
147E7 - 00 00 [pointer: Ceres missile refill icon, unused]
147F7 - 00 00 [pointer: Ceres energy refill icon, unused]
14807 - 00 00 [pointer: Ceres map station icon, unused]
14817 - 00 00 [pointer: Ceres save station icons, unused]
14A9B - A0 00 88 00 [Ceres boss icon]

DEBUG:
1475B - 70 00 [pointer: Debug area name icons, unused]
147D9 - 00 00 [pointer: Debug boss icon, unused]
147E9 - 00 00 [pointer: Debug missile refill icons, unused]
147F9 - 00 00 [pointer: Debug energy refill icons, unused]
14809 - 00 00 [pointer: Debug map station icons, unused]
14819 - 00 00 [pointer: Debug save station icons, unused]

HOW TO MOVE MAP ICONS

マップアイコンのXおよびY位置の値を上下に移動して移動します。 例：「148A9 - 48 00 68 00 [brinstar energy refill icon＃1]」 48 00はX位置、68 00はY位置です。 値は16進バイトとして反転されるため、Brinstarの最初のエネルギー補給アイコンは、画面の一番左端から0048ピクセル、一番上から0068ピクセルの位置に配置されます。 各マップタイルのサイズは8 x 8ピクセルです。そのため、マップアイコンの位置がずれないようにするには、マップアイコンを8ピクセル単位で移動することをお勧めします。

HOW TO DELETE MAP ICONS

4バイトまたは6バイトをFFに置き換えてから、他のアイコンのデータをシフトして、どのFFバイトでも中断されない切れ目のないストリングを維持します（たとえば、結果がXX XX YY YY FF FF FF XX XX YYの場合）。 アイコンを削除した後のYY FF FFの場合は、下線を引いたバイトを4つ左にシフトする必要があるので、XX XX YY XX XX YY Y FF FF FF FF FF

HOW TO ADD EXTRA MAP ICONS

各マップアイコンはX / Y位置に4バイトを使用します。したがって、Crateriaには2つの保存ステーションマップアイコン、つまり8バイト、および最後に2つの必要なFF FFバイトがあるためです。 Crateriaに3つの新しい保存ステーションアイコンを追加したい場合は、8バイトをコピーし、それらのバイトはそのオフセットではもう必要ないのでFFで埋めてから、バンク$ 82のどこかに22バイトの空きスペースを見つけます そこに8バイトを書き込み、次に貼り付けた22バイトのオフセットを指すようにアドレス1480Bの2バイトを変更します。

MAP ICON TYPES

上の地図アイコン位置データの6つの異なるポインタのために、6つの異なる地図アイコンタイプがあることを伝えることができたかもしれません：ステーションアイコン、エネルギー補充ステーションアイコン、ミサイル補充ステーションアイコン、地図ステーションアイコン、ボスアイコン 、およびエリア名のグラフィックアイコン。 あなたがサムスの船のアイコン、サムスのヘルメット、そして死んだボスのための赤い "[X]"（他のものとそれらのX / Y位置を共有する）とサムスの現在の位置のためのアニメーションの白い十字線を数えるなら10種類。 これらの異なる種類のすべてがあるにもかかわらず、それらのグラフィックを除いてアイコン自体の間にそれほど違いはありません、そしてそれらはそれぞれその特定のマップアイコンタイプが何回現れるかを決定する独自のポインタを持っています 各エリア さまざまなアイコンタイプのそれぞれのデータは、PLMおよびEnemy Setデータ文字列と同じように、常にFF FFで終わる必要があります。

One last thing about area maps: サムスが探索しても、地図全体をスクロールしても見ることができないというスクロールの問題がある場合は、マップエディタを使用して地図全体の周囲に目に見えない境界線を描画してみます。 境界線は、端から数タイル離れている必要があります。

31.

Room states / events.

Room states: alternate pointer sets that are only used after an event is triggered.

Events: triggered by Samus in various ways through gameplay. With some custom coding, event triggers can become highly specific, such collecting a certain item, opening a certain door, killing a certain enemy, walking to a certain spot, etc. Events are just small chunks of code in bank $8F that activate room states.

You might have noticed that if you select "E612 = Events 1" from the neon green drop-down menu, it will make room 7E9A0's level data look absolutely destroyed. This is because the Events1 room state is loading an alternate set of pointers for room 7E9A0, which are pointing to stuff that room 792B3 still uses. To fix this issue, all you have to do is make certain that all of E612=Events1's pointer values are the same as E5E6=Standard1's pointer values. You can do all of that in SMILE, or you can just copy/paste-write these bytes at offset 7E9CC with your hex editor and save the ROM: 00 B3 CE 00 00 00 00 AF E0 EB C0 F4 C0 C0 20 EA 00 00 00 00 80 EA 00 00 D3 91 - after you do that, refresh the room in SMILE, and both states will now have all of the same pointer values. Because their pointers are identical, any edits you make while viewing either state will affect the other.

You will also need to update the pointer to room 7E9A0's Events1 pointers. Go to offset 7E9AE and change DF 92 into CC E9. Offset 7E9CC is where Events1's pointers for room 7E9A0 begin, starting with the level data pointer.

Adding extra states to a room requires moving the room header to another spot in bank $8F, because each new state adds 31 bytes to the room header. By default, all of Super Metroid's room headers are packed together in bank $8F, with no free space between them. Removing states from a room is much easier, because all you're doing is shortening the length of the header. If you're adding new states to a room, don't forget to update mdb.txt after you move the header. The default state (E5E6=Standard1) must go last in the room header so that checks for alternate states are done first (similar to why with door-specific FX1, the default FX string must go at the end).

There's no reason to demonstrate room states by creating a different one for this room, because it's nothing but editing pointers anyway, which we've already done in painful detail. Understanding the room header format almost fully explains how to also use room states.

List of "Events 1" event values:

0000 = Zebes is awake
0001 = Giant metroid has finished eating sidehopper
0002 = Mother Brain's glass case is broken
0003 = Zebetite 1 destroyed
0004 = Zebetite 2 destroyed
0005 = Zebetite 3 destroyed
0006 = Phantoon statue is grey
0007 = Ridley statue is grey
0008 = Draygon statue is grey
0009 = Kraid statue is grey
000A = Path to Tourian is open
000B = Maridia tube is broken
000C = Lower Norfair Chozo has lowered the acid
000D = Shaktool has cleared its path
000E = Zebes timebomb set (escape imediately!)
000F = Dachora and Etecoons saved
0010 = 1st metroid hall cleared
0011 = 1st metroid shaft cleared
0012 = 2nd metroid hall cleared
0013 = 2nd metroid shaft cleared
0014 = none/unused
0015 = Outran the Speed Booster lava-quake.
0016-00FF = none/unused

Custom events: someday I'll mess around with events enough to be able to include some information here about customizing them. There can be MANY events (~640) that can become as specific as you want them to. JAM's event patches allow you to use all 640 events and more (Metroid Construction > Patches).

32.

When to call a room finished?

Before you consider a room totally finished, you should double-check everything about it as thoroughly as possible.

• Look over the data at each of the pointers in SMILE's Room MDB tab. Check for overwrites or missing "FF FF" / "00 00" stopper bytes for data strings that use them. Be especially aware of any shared pointers with other rooms! Use SMILE'S Index and MDB Tools (located in the "ROM Stuff" tab) to search directly for accidentally shared indexes, and generate helpful .TXT lists.
• Go through every combination of doors possible that are inside of, and connected to the room. Make certain that all door ASM pointer data is working exactly as it should.
• Look at all of the room's scroll PLMs and their H-Copy/V-Copy BTS numbers. All scroll PLM data strings must end with a single "80" byte. If Samus needs to touch a scroll PLM while within a certain range of something, make absolutely certain that there is no way for the player avoid touching the scroll PLM or its H/V-copy BTS. If you're unsure of the H/V-copy BTS count, use the level editor's "Ctrl + left click + drag" hotkey.
• Know where every enemy in the room is capable of moving, and if possible, how the player could possibly manipulate the enemy. Know where every enemy in the room actually is! Make certain that there aren't out-of-bounds enemies that you can't see; click "Tools > Off-Screen Enemies to Screen" if you're unsure, and any out-of-bounds enemies will be moved to the top-left of first screen in the room. Check every enemy's "Enemy Data" values, and also look for enemies set to "Move Off-Screen" that shouldn't be.
• Delete any unused enemies and PLMs from the room. Dragging them into the foreground will work if you are lazy (just make sure none of the enemies have "Move Off-Screen" checked), but deleting them will free up valuable space in bank $8F, and you also won't have to worry about the player seeing them (or hearing them) in the foreground, which is just sloppy work. Red arrow PLMs are useless, and can all be deleted and replaced with H-Copy/V-Copy BTS.
• Having a few common-use pointers can make things easier. Examples of common-use pointers would be 8000 for Enemy Set and Enemy GFX, which you can use for all rooms (and alternate room states) with no enemies in them. Sharing pointers can quickly become confusing and result in accidental overwrites, so it's a trade-off for the bytes that you avoid wasting. If you make a room that only has one enemy type in it, you could look for another room with the same enemy type in it, and use that room's pointer instead.
• If the room uses room states, test them carefully and double-check each alternate pointer, along with its data.
• Check the room's BTS. Look for ways to reduce level data usage without negatively affecting the room's aesthetics, if possible. Things to look for are unwanted X/Y flips, incorrect invisible air/solid tiles, incorrect BTS numbers, square slopes that have been accidentally X-flipped.
• Get rid of needless foreground details in places that it is impossible for the player to see during gameplay. An example of this is room 792B3 by default; notice how the very top and bottom rows of tiles are blacked out in the level editor. Also, foregrounds should be totally solid, even if their graphics don't look solid, so that out-of-bounds permastucks are less likely to happen. For areas where there are large portions of visible foreground, give the foreground more variation than just one or two tiles repeating.
• The Up Scroller can usually be set to something a bit higher than 70, which will reduce how much of the foreground is unnecessarily displayed, giving more screen space to things that are actually happening around Samus. 99 is a good value to use for rooms with very plain foregrounds, and 80 is a good value for rooms with more detailed foregrounds; higher values aren't really recommended unless the room is purely an ascent room.
• Once you're reasonably sure you'll never need to edit the room's level data again, you can finally adjust its ending point in level_entries.txt so that the level data maximum only has a few bytes to spare, leaving enough room only for fixing tiling errors if you find any, or making very small adjustments. Save the room one more time, and then maybe make a back-up copy of your ROM.

And with that, you've reached the end of the room creation tutorial! You should now have great control over Super Metroid's rooms. Everything else in this guide is reference material for non-room stuff that doesn't require following any steps.

 ∧  PART 3: OTHER STUFF  ∨ 

SAVE STATIONS

Save stations use 14 bytes in bank $80. SMILE RF's PLM editor is able to edit them (select $B76F in the PLM selector, then click the "Edit Save Station Data" button; more info below). By default, areas can have many save stations without needing to repoint anything (as many as you can see in SMILE RF's save station index drop-down list). Here are the locations of the first eight save points for each area, and then how to edit them:

44C5 - F8 91 6A 89 00 00 00 04 00 04 40 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #1]
44D3 - D5 93 9A 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Crateria save station #2]
44E1 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #3, unused]
44EF - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #4, unused]
44FD - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #5, unused]
450B - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #6, unused]
4519 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #7, unused]
4527 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Crateria save station #8, unused]

45CF - 84 A1 F6 8D 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Brinstar save station #1]
45DD - 01 A2 12 8D 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Brinstar save station #2]
45EB - 2A A2 52 8F 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Brinstar save station #3]
45F9 - 0B A7 86 91 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Brinstar save station #4]
4607 - 34 A7 D2 90 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Brinstar save station #5]
4615 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Brinstar save station #6, unused]
4623 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Brinstar save station #7, unused]
4631 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Brinstar save station #8, unused]

46D9 - B5 AA 56 94 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #1]
46E7 - DD B0 9A 95 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Norfair save station #2]
46F5 - 67 B1 DA 97 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #3]
4703 - 92 B1 BA 93 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #4]
4711 - BB B1 02 97 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Norfair save station #5]
471F - 41 B7 0E 9A 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #6]
472D - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #7, unused]
473B - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Norfair save station #8, unused]

481B - 8A CE 40 A2 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #1]
4829 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #2, unused]
4837 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #3, unused]
4845 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #4, unused]
4B53 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #5, unused]
4B61 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #6, unused]
486F - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #7, unused]
487D - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Wrecked Ship save station #8, unused]

4917 - D2 CE 54 A3 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #1]
4925 - DF D3 88 A5 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #2]
4933 - 65 D7 44 A7 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Maridia save station #3]
4941 - 1A D8 EC A7 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #4]
494F - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #5, unused]
495D - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #6, unused]
496B - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #7, unused]
4979 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Maridia save station #8, unused]

4A2F - 23 DE BC AA 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF [Tourian save station #1]
4A3D - 1B DF 9C A9 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #2]
4A4B - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #3, unused]
4A59 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #4, unused]
4A67 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #5, unused]
4A75 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #6, unused]
4A83 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #7, unused]
4A91 - 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 04 B0 00 00 00 [Tourian save station #8, unused]

4B2B - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 48 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #1, unused]
4B39 - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #2, unused]
4B47 - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #3, unused]
4B55 - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #4, unused]
4B63 - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #5, unused]
4B71 - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #6, unused]
4B7F - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #7, unused]
4B8D - 45 DF 58 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 [Ceres save station #8, unused]

4C19 - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #1, unused]
4C27 - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #2, unused]
4C35 - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #3, unused]
4C43 - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #4, unused]
4C51 - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #5, unused]
4C5F - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #6, unused]
4C6D - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #7, unused]
4C7B - 2C E8 C4 AB 00 00 00 00 00 00 B0 00 00 00 [Debug save station #8, unused]

Here is the data string for Crateria save station #2: D5 93 9A 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 00 E0 FF - and here are Crateria save station #2's bytes, arranged vertically and labeled/explained:

D5 93  <-- Room ID
9A 89  <-- Door ID
00 00  <-- Door BTS (unused)
00 00  <-- Save X position
00 00  <-- Save Y position
98 00  <-- Samus screen X
E0 FF  <-- Samus screen Y

SMILE RF's save station editor: This editor is accessed through the PLM editor's "Edit Save Station Data" button, which is only visible when the save station PLM is selected. It allows you to edit a save station's 14 bytes without a hex editor. The "Find Door DDB" button will detect a door ID from a neighboring room that connects to the room that the save station PLM is located in and automatically place that door ID into the "Door DDB" text field. The "Use Current Save Station PLM Location" button will change the four "Screen X/Y" and "Samus X/Y" text fields directly above it to reflect the save station PLM's current location in the room.

If you wanted to add three new save points to Crateria, all you'd need to do is: 1) Enter some working data at the offsets for Crateria save stations #3, #4 and #5. 2) Add three new save station PLMs. 3) Add three new save station new map icons.

ELEVATORS

A working elevator is made up of two doors + one elevator enemy, and both rooms that are connected by an elevator must have them. Let's look at all of the data for the two elevators that take Samus to and from the blue Morph Ball item room:

Room 797B5's elevator data:

Elevator door #1:

Door $01 ($8B9E; offset 18B9E) - 9F 9E F0 02 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00

9F 9E = Room ID
F0    = Bitflag
02    = Direction
00    = Door cap X
00    = Door cap Y
05    = Screen X
00    = Screen Y
00 00 = Distance to spawn
00 00 = Door ASM pointer

Elevator door #2:

Door $02 ($88FC; offset 188FC) - 00 00

Elevator enemy:

Enemy $00 (offset 108B61) - 3F D7 80 00 A2 00 00 00 00 2C 00 00 00 00 40 01

3F D7 = $D73F (elevator)
80 00 = X position
A2 00 = Y position
00 00 = "Tilemaps"
00 2C = "Special"
00 00 = "Graphics"
00 00 = "Speed"
40 01 = "Speed 2"

Room 79E9F's elevator data:

Elevator door #1:

Door $02 ($8EB6; offset 18E6B) - B5 97 E0 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

B5 97 = Room ID
E0    = Bitflag
03    = Direction
00    = Door cap X
00    = Door cap Y
05    = Screen X
00    = Screen Y
00 00 = Distance to spawn
00 00 = Door ASM pointer

Elevator door #2:

Door $03 ($88FC; offset 188FC) - 00 00

Elevator enemy:

Enemy $02 (offset 1093CC) - 3F D7 80 05 C2 02 00 00 00 2C 00 00 01 00 18 00

3F D7 = $D73F (elevator)
80 05 = X position
C2 02 = Y position
00 00 = "Tilemaps"
00 2C = "Special"
00 00 = "Graphics"
01 00 = "Speed"
18 00 = "Speed 2"

Elevator door #1: basically a normal door, except that it must use a bitflag of 80 or C0 (80 for elevators leading into the same area, C0 for elevators leading into a different area). The "distance to spawn" is usually set to 0000, but it's not actually used. The door data array explains the exact purpose of all 12 door data bytes.

Elevator door #2: doesn't need a 12-byte door data string, because its purpose isn't to transition Samus into another room. If 0000 is used as the room ID value, the door BTS acts like a solid block instead, and also the game will stop reading this door's data at that point instead of continuing on to read the bitflag, direction, door cap X/Y, etc. Bytes 03-14 for elevator door #2 should never be edited in SMILE, or else you will overwrite other stuff. Because $83:8FCC is nothing but "00 00", it is used by elevator door #2 for every elevator in the game. Never use 0000 as the room ID value for a door BTS without placing an elevator enemy underneath it, or Samus will become unable to move after going through a door.

Elevator enemy: pretty straightforward.

"Speed" should only be 0000 for elevators going down, and 0001 for elevators going up.

"Speed 2" should be about 0#40 for elevators going down (# = Screen Y + 0140; e.g, if a downward elevator is on screen Y 05, you'd use Speed 2 = 0640), and about 0018 for elevators going up. 0#40 = distance from top of screen to place Samus after going through an upward elevator door, 0018 = distance from top of screen to place Samus after going through a downward elevator door. Section 28's enemy index data array explains the exact purpose of all 16 bytes used for each enemy at the room's Enemy Set pointer.

ROOM MUSIC SELECTION

This section does NOT explain how to create custom music. That requires advanced assembly, musical knowledge and audio editing skill. This is simply a list of songs that you can use as the background music for a room, and then some information on door and event-triggered song changes.

Song list: first byte is the "song set" value, and the second byte is the "play index" value, which can both be seen and edited at the bottom of SMILE RF's Room MDB tab:

## = any value can be used

03 05 = Song: Title screen
03 06 = Song: Title screen (after pressing a button)
36 05 = Song: Intro story
2D 06 = Song: Ceres
06 05 = Song: Empty Crateria (with rain and thunder)
06 06 = Song: Empty Crateria (rain and thunder only)
06 07 = Song: Empty Crateria (no rain or thunder)
0C 05 = Song: Crateria
09 05 = Song: Space pirates
24 06 = Song: Bomb Torizo awakening
## 03 = Song: Elevator rooms
## 04 = Song: Hallway before golden boss statues
09 06 = Song: Golden boss statue room
0F 05 = Song: Green Brinstar
12 05 = Song: Red Brinstar
15 05 = Song: Upper Norfair
18 05 = Song: Lower Norfair
30 05 = Song: Wrecked Ship (boss = alive)
30 06 = Song: Wrecked Ship (boss = dead)
1B 05 = Song: Eastern Maridia
1B 06 = Song: Western Maridia
1E 05 = Song: Tourian
2A 05 = Song: Miniboss fight
27 06 = Song: Pre-boss tension (+ roaring sounds)
45 06 = Song: Pre-boss tension (+ metroid sounds)
27 05 = Song: Boss fight (+ roaring sounds)
45 05 = Song: Boss fight (+ metroid sounds)
24 05 = Song: Boss fight (Draygon and Ridley)
21 05 = Song: Mother Brain fight
24 07 = Song: Escape music
3C 05 = Song: Credits music, doesn't loop

00 00 = No change
## 00 = No music
00 05 = No change / song one
00 06 = No change / song two

3F 05 = Audio clip: "The last metroid is in captivity"
42 05 = Audio clip: "The galaxy is at peace"
2D 05 = Music clip: flying to Ceres and Zebes
## 01 = Music clip: Samus appears (loading a saved game)
## 02 = Music clip: Item fanfare (collecting an item)
33 05 = Audio clip: Zebes exploding
39 05 = Audio clip: Samus dying

00 00 and 00 05 ("no change") are used often to keep from reloading the whole instrument set every time Samus transitions through a door, which causes a short delay, so it's wasteful to reload the instruments if a different song isn't meant to start playing. If you realize while testing your hack that the wrong music (or no music) has been loaded, it's probably because a room somewhere is using 00 00 or 00 05 when it should have loaded a song instead. 00 00 defaults to the title screen theme, which is why you hear it in most rooms that you QuickMet into.

HOW TO LOAD SONGS USING A DOOR'S ASM POINTER

This is mainly for rooms with multiple cells, like 7E9A0. You could have a different song play for each cell by just making the doors that lead into the cells load a new song, and then make certain that the three rooms that are connected to each cell aren't using 00 00 or 00 05.

To make doors load a song, you only have to find some free space in bank $8F to paste-write these bytes: A9 00 00 22 C1 8F 80 A9 XX FF 22 C1 8F 80 A9 YY 00 22 C1 8F 80 60 (XX = song set, YY = play index) - after that, point to those bytes with a door's ASM pointer.

That's three things that the door's ASM pointer has been used to edit in this guide (the first two were scroll colors and scroller values), and the potential becomes almost limitless once you learn how to program ASM. Here's an example piece of door ASM data you can also paste-write somewhere in bank $8F that changes all three types (up/down scrollers, scroll colors, and song choice): 08 E2 20 A9 70 8D AD 07 A9 A0 8D AF 07 A9 01 8F 20 CD 7E A9 02 8F 21 CD 7E 28 A9 00 00 22 C1 8F 80 A9 1E FF 22 C1 8F 80 A9 05 00 22 C1 8F 80 60

Here are those same bytes, arranged vertically and labeled. The red values are the only values that you should edit:

08 E2 20     <-- Begin ASM
A9 70        <-- Load "up scroller" value
8D AD 07     <-- Store up scroller value to room header
A9 A0        <-- Load "down scroller" value
8D AF 07     <-- Store down scroller value to room header

A9 01        <-- Load blue scroll
8F 20 CD 7E  <-- Store blue scroll to screen 00
A9 02        <-- Load green scroll
8F 21 CD 7E  <-- Store green scroll to screen 01

28           <-- End scroll color change ASM

A9 00 00     <-- Stop current song
22 C1 8F 80  <-- Play song-stop value
A9 1E FF     <-- Load new "song set" value
22 C1 8F 80  <-- Play "song set"
A9 05 00     <-- Load new "play index" value
22 C1 8F 80  <-- Play "play index"

60           <-- End ASM

The sections of code that change the up/down scrollers and music will always stay the same length, but the section that changes scroll colors can vary in length, depending how many scroll colors need to be changed at once by the door, which has already been explained in section 17.

INGAME SONG CHANGES

Throughout the game, there are moments where the background music changes to another song without the use of door data or room headers. To do this anywhere you want at any time would most likely require some assembly programming knowledge, but in the meantime, here is a list of existing ingame song changes that you only need to hex-edit the song set and play index values for:

List of music change events in Super Metroid:

59B6D  - 03 [song set]    <-- Title screen
59B80  - 05 [play index]  <-- Title screen
59A95  - 06 [play index]  <-- Title screen (after skipping intro)
5A5A0  - 3F [song set]    <-- "The last metroid is in captivity"
5A60C  - 05 [play index]  <-- "The last metroid is in captivity"
5A622  - 42 [song set]    <-- "The galaxy is at peace"
5A629  - 05 [play index]  <-- "The galaxy is at peace"
5A714  - 09 [song set]    <-- Intro story
5A70C  - 00 [play index]  <-- Intro story
5B221  - 00 [play index]  <-- Intro story music stopping before Ceres
5BDD3  - 2D [song set]    <-- Flying toward Ceres
5BDDA  - 05 [play index]  <-- Flying toward Ceres
13244E - 05 [play index]  <-- Ceres & Norfair Ridley fights
1340B4 - 07 [play index]  <-- Escape music after Ceres Ridley flies away
1345EB - 03 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after Norfair Ridley dies
100BD  - 07 [play index]  <-- Landing on rainy Zebes
1546E1 - 96 [song set]    <-- Bomb Torizo awakening
153952 - 98 [song set]    <-- Bomb Torizo fight
153098 - 05 [play index]  <-- Bomb Torizo fight
154AE3 - 05 [play index]  <-- Golden Torizo fight
153255 - 9A [song set]    <-- Elevator music after Bomb/Golden Torizos die
13C8B0 - 05 [play index]  <-- Kraid fight
13C81C - 03 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after Kraid dies
46259  - 03 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after collecting the Varia suit
1210AB - 06 [play index]  <-- Tense music after Crocomire dies
1217DE - 05 [play index]  <-- Crocomire destroying spike wall
121B9F - 06 [play index]  <-- Tense music after Crocomire's skeleton dies
13D543 - 05 [play index]  <-- Phantoon fight
13DB92 - 05 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after Phantoon dies
199B1B - 03 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after Botwoon dies
129254 - 03 [play index]  <-- Elevator music after Draygon dies
14F03D - 05 [play index]  <-- Giant metroid attacking sidehopper
14F29B - 07 [play index]  <-- Giant metroid releasing Samus
14880E - 06 [play index]  <-- Silence before Mother Brain fight
14885A - 21 [song set]    <-- Mother Brain fight
148E18 - 05 [play index]  <-- Mother Brain fight
14CC66 - 48 [song set]    <-- Hyper beam acquired
14CC6D - 05 [play index]  <-- Hyper beam acquired
14B1FF - 24 [song set]    <-- Escape music after Mother Brain dies
5D6C6  - 33 [song set]    <-- Planet Zebes exploding
5D6BE  - 00 [play index]  <-- Planet Zebes exploding
5DBAD  - 3C [song set]    <-- Credits
5DBB4  - 05 [play index]  <-- Credits

How to play elevator music after Spore Spawn dies:
12E8B4 - Replace 0A BB A0 with 5A F9 A5 -- points to free space at 12F95A
12F95A - Replace free space with 22 0A BB A0 A9 03 00 22 C1 8F 80 6B -- play index = 03

Most ingame song changes don't have a song set value, because they only tend to use the play index to switch to an alternate version of the same song. By default, this limits most of the song selections to maybe a couple of variations. To be able to play any song you want at any of the addresses above would require small assembly hacks, similar to what was used to add an elevator music change after Spore Spawn's death.

Be careful if you decide to alter song choices. It's pretty easy to crash the game, and even possibly do stuff to your emulator's sound. I don't know about any other emulators besides Snes9X 1.43, which can sometimes end up with muted/crashed audio, a grayed-out "Playback Rate" menu, and trying to use QuickMet will result in a black screen. If this happens to your Snes9X, you can fix it by loading a save state (or a different ROM), which should un-gray the playback rate options, allowing you to re-select 32Khz.

SOUND EFFECTS

SMILE isn't capable of switching most sound effects, but doing it with a hex editor is easy enough that it doesn't matter. There are four main groups of sound effects: Samus projectile sounds, hurt enemy sounds, active enemy sounds, and general ingame sounds. There are also three different sound effect libraries, and two actual sound effect types (independent and song-dependent).

Samus projectile sounds: sound effects for all of Samus's beams and missiles. Samus's projectiles use library 1 sounds, which can't be changed because they don't have a library JSL like most sounds.

Hurt enemy sounds: SMILE RF can edit these, because this data is part of each enemy's Main Header AI array (called "Sound"). Most hurt enemy sounds use library 2.

Active enemy sounds: sounds that play while certain enemies move around or use their attacks. Most active enemy sounds use library 2.

General ingame sounds: all other sounds that are used throughout the game.

Sound libraries 1, 2 and 3: the three different sound effect libraries function mostly the same, with the main differences between them being their priority over each other. Library 1 seems to have priority over library 2, and library 2 seems to have priority over library 3. Within each library, there are five JSLs, which also seem to have a different order of priority that hasn't been fully tested and documented yet. Lower sound priority means that the sound effect is more easily able to be cut off by other sounds; this cut-off is what can cause space jumping and speed boost running to occasionally become silent until Samus lands or stops running.

Song-dependent sounds: some sound effects don't load their sound data from its own space in the ROM, but will instead create a new sound effect by manipulating one of the background song's instruments. Metroids are an obvious example. Using metroids in a room that isn't playing the title screen theme, Maridia's music, or Tourian's music will mess their sound effects up, usually creating beeping tones or strange rumbling noises that sound glitchy. Most bosses use song-dependent sounds. Independent sounds can be used no matter which background song is playing, because they load actual audio data instead of instructions that repurpose a specific song instrument.

The sound effects section of the hex edits page lists most of the known sound effect locations, along with how to edit them.

COLOR PALETTES

Each color in any palette uses two bytes of data in the ROM.

This picture shows the default palettes for all of the main tilesets, and then a numbered grid of all 256 ($FF) color indexes + palette lines. All tilesets use colors $00-7F:

Grid #1 (palette lines 0-7, colors 00-7F):

These explanations are not hard rules that must always be followed (except hot pink), but they do illustrate how the original developers chose to group and use the SNES's limited amount of colors, which is a good format to follow because it's consistent among all tilesets. The large black & gray numbers along the right side of the two grids are the palette line numbers for each of the 16-color rows next to them. Palette line 0 = colors 00-0F, and so on.

CRE = Common Room Elements (palette lines 0-3, colors 00-3F)

SCE = Scenery (palette lines 4-7, colors 40-7F)

REMINDER ABOUT CRE AND SCE TABLES: everything above the pink line in this picture is the CRE tile table, and everything underneath the pink line is the SCE tile table. This applies to all tilesets. Although palette lines 0-3 are intended to be used by CRE graphics, there's no actual difference at all between palette lines 0-3 and 4-7. There's no such thing as a CRE palette, however, there are certain colors that should remain consistent throughout all or most tileset palettes (i.e., doors caps, HUD icons), which might sometimes be referred to as the CRE palette.

More info on specific color uses:

Grid #2 (palette lines 8-F, colors 80-FF):

Palette lines 8-F can't be displayed and edited all at once like lines 0-7 can, because lines 8-F are almost constantly changed during gameplay, and are used for coloring everything else in the game except for all of the tileset's default palettes. That means that it's almost impossible to group and illustrate all of the exact uses for colors 80-FF in a single image that isn't just way too huge and unreasonably complex. Thankfully, each palette line's purpose is pretty straightforward.

Take Samus's suits, for example. Only one palette line is ever used by her suit at any given time during gameplay, which is palette line C. When Samus's colors change to bright blue while using the speed booster, this is because of special code in the game that overwrites colors C0-CF with different colors, then overwrites them again to change them back to what they originally were once Samus has stopped running. To create the effect of Samus's colors transitioning to blue instead of just changing colors instantly in a blink, the game rapidly rewrites all of palette line C's colors four times in less than a second. If you'll look at the "Samus Palettes" section of SMILE RF's palette editor window, you'll see that all of the colors for the Power, Varia and Gravity suits can be edited, along with all of the conditions that can temporarily alter Samus's colors (beam charging, heated Norfair rooms, speed booster, etc.) All of these Samus Palette edits will write to palette line C as needed during gameplay.

If you're familiar with the 6-digit hexadecimal color codes for red-green-blue (RRGGBB) that web pages, graphic editors and a lot of other things use, you can convert those color codes to the closest SNES version of that color by entering the hex color code into the "Hex" text field, located in SMILE RF's tileset editor underneath the tileset's palette. Clicking on a color to select it, then typing a new color code into "Hex" field will automatically convert your color code if needed, and then change the selected color (i.e, type 00FF00 for bright green, which gets converted to 00F800 and changes the R/G/B sliders to 00/1F/00).

Tileset palettes: already explained above. Maximum size of a tileset palette is 259 ($103) bytes. Most tileset palettes will need to be repointed if you plan to recolor a bunch of stuff (watch the "Palette Compressed Size" number that appears in the tileset editor's window title whenever you click the Save Palette button). Each color uses two bytes of ROM data (as do all other colors in the game).

Duplicate tilesets: you've probably already noticed how most tilesets have an exact duplicate that uses different colors and nothing else. The only purpose of these duplicate tilesets by the original creators of Super Metroid was to do just that, which is ineffecient, but it also means that you can easily repoint these duplicate tilesets, effectively giving you a completely new tileset to work with!

Samus's palettes: all of Samus's colors can be changed in SMILE RF's palette editor (offsets are still documented on the palette locations page).

Enemy & boss palettes: right-click on an enemy to bring up the enemy editor, then click on the second of the four small rectangular buttons (near the "Save DNA" and "Load DNA" buttons) to view the enemy palette editor. Default enemy palettes are always 16 colors (32 bytes), and can be edited right in SMILE RF's enemy editor without needing to be repointed. An enemy's palette must be located in the same bank as the enemy's AI (see "AI Bank" value). Boss palettes will likely require editing many palette lines (see palette locations).

Palette blends: already explained above. Palette blends use 4 colors (8 bytes), and overwrite colors 18, 19, 1A and 1B in the tileset if the room's FX palette blend value is 02+.

Colors for everything else: see palette locations for information on all of the other palettes that appear throughout the game.

If you plan to edit all or most of the game's colors for your hack, expect to be at it for awhile. Besides the time spent editing the colors themselves, you will probably need to test and re-edit them over and over until you get everything looking just right.

TILE TABLE EDITING FOR TILESETS

A tileset tile table is made up of four 8x8 graphics that are dragged and dropped from the tile sheet. These tile tables are used to assemble the blocks that you then use to build rooms with in SMILE RF's level editor.

Tileset table editing shouldn't be overlooked. Good use of the tile table allows you to add much more detail in how your rooms are desingned and structured. It can turn a few 8x8 graphics into many 16x16 tiles that Samus can then interact with. Again, here is a picture of the CRE tile table, and the SCE tile table. Everything above the pink line is CRE, and everything underneath it is SCE. The CRE tile table (along with CRE's .GFX sheet) is shared among all tilesets, so editing one CRE tile will affect that CRE tile in every room that it's used in throughout the whole game, (hence "Common Room Elements"). SCE tile tables and their .GFX sheets are different for each area.

Here is how to edit an existing tile table:

Because the tile I edited was a CRE tile (circled red), the top and bottom parts of every yellow door cap PLM in the game will now be gray, because I picked a different palette number for it by changing the palette line that it uses from 0 to 5 in the little yellow box (underlined red). THIS IS WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE VERY CAREFUL WHEN YOU EDIT AN EXISTING TILE TABLE. If you see a tile that doesn't look like it's used for anything, and then you change it into something different with the tile table editor, you might find those edited tiles in places they weren't meant to be later on because they were used. Some tiles were only used in a couple of spots in the original Super Metroid, and so it's easy to overlook/forget them.

Next, here is how a new tile table can be created:

In case the above picture didn't make it clear, you can copy a tile with the copy button, find a white XXXX that you want to overwrite, paste your copied tile over it with the paste button, edit your pasted tile as desired, and then click the save button. You can also just drag all four graphics from the tile sheet and not bother with copying/pasting. In this example, I created a new variation of the eroded gray brick. First, I copied one of the gray bricks, pasted it over the white XXXX tile directly above it, then I dragged a different quarter of each gray brick from the tile sheet (follow the pink arrows) onto the newly pasted brick, then saved it. This results in a third unique brick, made up of two parts of the existing graphics. You could make a fourth gray brick the same way by copying the other one, then dragging a different set of corners from the tile sheet.

Don't overwrite any of the XXXX tiles in the CRE table unless you're using Scyzer's Multi-CRE patch. All of the SCE's XXXX tiles can be overwritten, but only after you've repointed the SCE tile table. Each new tile added to the tile table uses 8 bytes of data.

CRE/SCE Table Compressed Size: these numbers appear for a few seconds in the tileset editor's window title after you click the Save button. If your SCE Table Compressed Size is getting close to full, and you don't want to repoint the tile table, you can 'delete' existing tile tables by copy/pasting a white XXXX tile over it, which will reduce the SCE Table Compressed Size number. Make certain that the tiles you delete aren't in use by any rooms. The maximum size of a repointed SCE tile table is a compressed size of 8192 bytes.

Layer priority & flipping: clicking on one of the tile table quarters will apply and unapply a red square to it. Red square = tile draws behind the sprite layer. No red square = tile draws in front of the sprite layer. The sprite layer includes Samus and enemies. The eight rectangular buttons that border the tile table quarters and run between the pale yellow palette number buttons can be used to X or Y-flip each 8x8 tile, which marks that button with a black arrow:

Differenciating black from transparency: turning SMILE's display brightness up will cause the color black to display as dark gray, while transparency will always appear solid black, no matter how high SMILE's brightness is turned up. With brightness up, it's easy to see any misplaced dark pixels or rough edges (especially with layer 2 hidden). Turning the brightness up can help with finding subtle tiling errors, because specks of unwanted transparency will be clearly visible as black dots.

Default transparency tile: the CRE tile sheet contains the 8x8 graphic that is used throughout the game for transparent air tiles, which is located directly under the Chozo statue's hand (circled red). At the very end of the CRE tile table, you'll see the default 16x16 transparent level editor tile that's made up of four 8x8 transparent tiles (circled blue):

REPOINTING TILESETS (PALETTE, TILE TABLE, TILE SHEET)

Repointing tilesets works almost the same way as repointing anything else does, except there are a couple of text files that you might have to also edit. You're also not restricted to a specific bank like you are with most pointers, because tileset data can go anywhere in the ROM. Along the left side of SMILE RF's tileset editor window, you'll see five gray boxes with PC addresses in them, called "CRE Table", "CRE Tiles", "SCE Table", "SCE Tiles", and "Palette."

If you switch back and forth between tilesets $00 and $01 (Crateria and red Crateria), you'll see that the only pointer that is different between the two tilesets is the Palette address. This means that if you edit the tile table or tile sheet for either Crateria or red Crateria, the changes will affect both tilesets as long as they share those pointers. Let's repoint red Crateria's palette, tile table, and tile sheet so that it can be totally edited separately. The original Super Metroid does not use red Crateria for anything at all, although it looks like it was once intended to be used during the escape from Zebes.

Repointing tileset palettes: repointing palettes is sometimes necessary if you're editing colors, because their compressed length can vary, depending on how many consecutive colors are used. Tileset palettes with a lot of gray/unused colors will have less palette data than palettes with more color variety. If you change a string of gray/unused colors into different colors, this adds more bytes to the palette data (see "Palette Compressed Size" after you click the Save button), which means you will usually be very limited in how many 'new' colors you can add to a palette. The maximum size of a tileset's palette is 259 bytes ($103 if you're counting in hex).

Red Crateria's palette data is located at offset 212E5D (LoROM $C2:AE5D), and the pointer to that palette data is at offset 7E6B1. First, export red Crateria's palette by clicking the Export button in SMILE's tileset editor. After that, find some free space in the ROM with your hex editor; I'm going to use the free space at offset 1C0000 (LoROM $B8:8000). Go to offset 7E6B1 and change 5D AE C2 into 00 80 B8, then save the ROM. Now, back in SMILE, if you refresh the room and look at red Crateria's tileset, the PC address inside of the gray "Palette" box will change from 212E5D to 1C0000, and the colors will look messed up. Import the red Crateria palette that you exported earlier, and then click the Save button, which fixes the messed up colors, and also means that you've repointed the palette!

Although the palette has been repointed successfully, the Palette Compressed Size number still needs to be adjusted so SMILE RF can accurately tell us how much tileset palette space is available. Open tileset_entries.txt, which is located in SMILE RF\Files\Data\ to see a list of PC addresses. This works exactly the same way that level_entries.txt does. All of the addresses in this file are used to make SMILE RF keep track of data usage, and all of the addresses must be arranged in ascending order (that means each address entry listed must be higher than the one above it). This is required for SMILE RF to accurately tell you how much data you're using, and much data you have left, which prevents you from accidentally overwriting something else.

Because the free space I chose is at 1C0000, and thus is the lowest offset in the list, it goes at the very top. That by itself still won't give us an accurate Palette Compressed Size number, because there's nothing that stops the data from being read between 1C0000 and 1C8000, so it's assuming that there is $8000 (32768 in decimal) bytes of space devoted to this palette. The most data that a tileset palette could ever use is 259 bytes, so this makes it very easy to adjust palette size limits with certainty. In your hex editor, starting from address 1C0000, select 259 ($103) bytes of data so that it says "Block: 1C0000-1C0102" and "Length: 103" at the bottom. What you're looking for is the offset where the 259-byte selection ends and adding +1 to that, which in this case is 1C0103. There's your stopper offset.

This is what the top of your tileset_entries.txt file should now look like:

1C0000  <--
1C0103  <--
1C8000
1CA09D
1CA634

Save your modified tileset_entries.txt, and then check the Palette Compressed Size in SMILE RF again. It should now say ### / 259. Perfect. Now you can freely freely edit all of red Crateria's colors.

OPTIONAL: clear out red Crateria old palette data that still remains at offset 212E5D. Tileset $02's palette data begins at 212F43, so if we highlight all of the bytes starting and ending at offsets 212E5D-212F42, this gives us a selection that's 230 ($E6) bytes long. This is all of red Crateria's old palette data, which can be replaced with free space because the palette is now located at offset 1C0000. Normal Crateria's tileset palette still has a Palette Compressed Size limit of ### / 225 because its palette pointer was not changed.

Next, we're going to do the same thing with red Crateria's tile table and tile sheet. The process is mostly the same as with tileset palettes, except there are much larger chunks of data to consider, which can make finding enough free space difficult unless you expand the ROM.

Repointing SCE tile tables: repointing a tileset's SCE tile table allows you to use all of the white XXXX tiles in that tile table, if you want to. As with tileset palettes, because we know exactly how large a tile table can possibly be, we can be certain about its placement in the tileset_entries.txt file. The maximum size of a tileset's tile table is 6144 bytes ($1800 if you're counting in hex).

Red Crateria's SCE tile table data is located at offset 20B6F6 (LoROM: $C1:B6F6), and the pointer to that tile table data is at offset 7E6AB. In SMILE's tileset editor, click "Tile Table > Export SCE Tile Table" to create a .TTB file in the same folder that your currently opened ROM is in.

ROM EXPANSION: we could find some existing free space in the ROM and place the tile tables there, but let's create some new free space by expanding the ROM instead. In SMILE RF, if you click "ROM > Expand ROM", offsets 300000-307FFF will immediately be available for use. Simple as that! The Expand ROM option adds one extra bank of free space to the very end of the ROM each time it is clicked (one bank = $8000 bytes). In an unedited Super Metroid ROM, the final offset is 2FFFFF (LoROM: $DF:FFFF). Although Super Metroid ends at bank $DF by default, A SNES LoROM is able to have up to $FF banks - this means that Super Metroid can be expanded up to 32 times! The first time you expand the ROM, bank $E0 is added. Expanding it again will add in bank $E1, then bank $E2, $E3, etc., all the way up to bank $FF. The offsets for bank $E0 are 300000-307FFF.

300000 will be the new offset for red Crateria's SCE tile table. Because the largest that a SCE tile table can possibly be is $1800 bytes, we need to make a selection starting from offset 300000 and going downwards until $1800 bytes are selected (in HxD, the bottom should say "Block: 300000-3017FF" and "Length: 1800") - as with tileset palettes, once we've highlighted the maximum byte amount, we add +1 to get our stopper offset, which is 301800.

Open tileset_entries.txt and add these two offsets to the very bottom, then save the file:

300000
301800

In HxD, go to offset 7E6AB and change F6 B6 C1 into 00 80 E0, then save the ROM.

All that's left to do now is copy red Crateria's tile table data over to offset 300000. In SMILE, if you refresh red Crateria, the gray "SCE Table" box should now say 300000. The tile table will appear majorly glitched up, which is fixed by clicking "Tile Table > Import SCE Tile Table" and selecting the .TTB file that you exported earlier. Red Crateria's SCE tile table has been fully repointed! The "SCE Table Compressed Size" number should now be #### / 6144.

Unlike the tileset palette, we DON'T want to replace red Crateria's old tile table data with free space, because normal Crateria (tileset $00) still uses it. What we did was give red Crateria its own tile table by making an exact copy of normal Crateria's tile table, and then we pasted it at 300000. Normal Crateria still has a SCE Table Compressed Size limit of #### / 2050 because its SCE Table pointer was not changed. If you wanted normal Crateria's tile table to have 6144 bytes of available space as well, you would need to repoint it like you just did with red Crateria's tile table (in which case you could replace Crateria's old tile table data with free space).

Repointing SCE tile sheets: repointing a tileset's SCE tile sheet isn't necessary unless you're planning to edit the actual tileset graphics themselves in some way, but let's repoint it anyway. This can be done almost exactly the same way as repointing the SCE tile table was. The maximum size of a tileset's SCE tile sheet is 18432 bytes ($4800 if you're counting in hex).

Red Crateria's SCE tile sheet is located at 1D4629 (LoROM: $BA:C629), and the pointer to that tile sheet data is at offset 7A6AE. In SMILE's tile editor, click "GFX > Export SCE Graphics" to create a .GFX file in the same folder that your currently opened ROM is in.

In HxD, go to offset 7E6AE and change 29 C6 BA into 00 98 E0, then save the ROM. In SMILE, click "GFX > Import SCE Graphics" and select the .GFX file that you exported earlier, then refresh the tileset. The gray "SCE Tiles" box should now say 301800. All that's left is to update tileset_entries.txt by adding the stopper address. In HxD, go to offset 301800 and highlight the next $4800 bytes ("Block: 301800-305FFF" and "Length: 4800"), then add +1 to the address at the end of the selection, which gives us 306000. Add 306000 to the very bottom of level_entries.txt and save the file. The "SCE Tiles Compressed Size" number only appears in the tileset editor's window title for a few seconds after you've imported a .GFX file, so if you missed it, you can just import the .GFX file again to see it. It should now say ##### / 18432.

The SCE tileset has been completely repointed! If you add all three of them together, a SCE tileset's palette, tile table, and tile sheet can use a maximum of $6100 bytes in total (24832 if you're counting in decimal).

Repointing the CRE tile table: repointing the CRE tile table will allow you to use all 41 of the white XXXX tiles in it, but NOT the line of eight blank black tiles that sit directly on top of the gray door cap tiles. CRE pointers work a bit differently, but the concept of repointing them is exactly the same. The maximum size of the CRE tile table is 2048 bytes ($800 if you're counting in hex).

The CRE's tile table pointer is located at offset 1683D. The data at this pointer location is "B9 85 48 A9 9D A0" - which is really just the LoROM address $B9:A09D (PC: 1CA09D). Ignore the 85 48 49. If you'll look in tileset_entries.txt near the top, you'll see 1CA09D and 1CA634. 1CA09D is where the CRE's tile table data is located, and 1CA634 is where it ends. With "Block: 1CA09D-1CA633 / Length: 597" highlighted in HxD, copy those bytes to your clipboard, then replace all of them with free space. Next, find $800 bytes of free space somewhere to paste-write these copied CRE tile table bytes; I'm going paste them at offset 1C0100. After that, go to offset 16830 and replace the bytes B9, 9D A0 with B8, 00 81 and save the ROM.

Lastly, open tileset_entries.txt and delete 1CA09D, and then underneath 1C0100, add 1C0900 and save the file. Done! The gray "CRE Table" box should say 1C0100, and if you click the tileset editor's Save button, the "CRE Table Compressed Size" numbers should now say #### / 2048.

Repointing the CRE tile sheet: repointing the CRE tile sheet most likely won't be something you need to do unless you're doing a lot of thorough graphic editing. The two rows of white X tiles along the bottom of the CRE tile sheet can NOT be edited, even after repointing! The maximum size of the CRE graphic sheet is 12288 bytes ($3000 if you're counting in hex).

The CRE's tile sheet pointers are located at offset 16415, and at 16797. The data at both of these pointer locations is "B9 85 48 A9 00 80" - which point to $B9:8000 (PC: 1C8000). Ignore the 85 48 A9. Highlight bytes 1C8000-1CA09C, copy them to your clipboard, replace them with free space, then paste-write them at offset 1C0900. Go to offsets 16415 and 16797, replace B9, 00 80 with B8, 00 89 at both of those spots and save the ROM. Open tileset_entries.txt again, replace 1C8000 with 1C3900 and save the file. Done.

Adding extra CRE tilesets (multi-CRE): multiCRE is a patch by Scyzer that allows different CRE tables and sheets to be loaded by using the room header's "Unused" pointer. MultiCRE requires some basic assembly knowledge to use, so I won't be explaining that in this guide. The patch can be downloaded here.

IMPORTANT: QuickMet will appear glitched after you've repointed either of the CRE. This is because QuickMet's generated test ROM, QuickMet.SMC, still uses the old CRE pointers. This is easily fixed. If you've repointed CRE, open the "QuickMet.bin" file that's loctated in the SMILE RF\Files\TestRoom\ folder with a hex editor, and change the data at offsets 3C (CRE tile sheet) and 53 (CRE tile table) to match the data that is at 16415/16797 (CRE tile sheet) and 1683D (CRE tile table) in your ROM.

List of tileset pointers and tileset data locations:

Tileset $00 (normal Crateria)
Pointer: 7E6A2    Data: 20B6F6  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6A5    Data: 1D4629  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6A8    Data: 212D7C  <-- Palette

Tileset $01 (red Crateria)
Pointer: 7E6AB    Data: 20B6F6  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6AE    Data: 1D4629  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6B1    Data: 212E5D  <-- Palette

Tileset $02 (old Crateria #1)
Pointer: 7E6B4    Data: 20BEEE  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6B7    Data: 1D7911  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6BA    Data: 212F43  <-- Palette

Tileset $03 (old Crateria #2)
Pointer: 7E6BD    Data: 20BEEE  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6C0    Data: 1D7911  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6C3    Data: 213015  <-- Palette

Tileset $04 (Wrecked Ship #1)
Pointer: 7E6C6    Data: 20C5CF  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6C9    Data: 1DAE9E  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6CC    Data: 2130E7  <-- Palette

Tileset $05 (Wrecked Ship #2)
Pointer: 7E6CF    Data: 20C5CF  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6D2    Data: 1DAE9E  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6D5    Data: 2131A6  <-- Palette

Tileset $06 (green Brinstar)
Pointer: 7E6D8    Data: 20CFA6  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6DB    Data: 1DE6B0  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6DE    Data: 213264  <-- Palette

Tileset $07 (red Brinstar)
Pointer: 7E6E1    Data: 20D8DC  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6E4    Data: 1E25AA  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6E7    Data: 21335F  <-- Palette

Tileset $08 (black Brinstar)
Pointer: 7E6EA    Data: 20D8DC  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6ED    Data: 1E25AA  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6F0    Data: 213447  <-- Palette

Tileset $09 (Norfair #1)
Pointer: 7E6F3    Data: 20E361  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6F6    Data: 1EC3F9  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E6F9    Data: 2135E4  <-- Palette

Tileset $0A (Norfair #2)
Pointer: 7E6FC    Data: 20E361  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E6FF    Data: 1EC3F9  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E702    Data: 2136BB  <-- Palette

Tileset $0B (Maridia #1)
Pointer: 7E705    Data: 20F4B1  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E708    Data: 1F3130  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E70B    Data: 21383C  <-- Palette

Tileset $0C (Maridia #2)
Pointer: 7E70E    Data: 21055F  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E711    Data: 1F678D  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E714    Data: 21392E  <-- Palette

Tileset $0D (Tourian #1)
Pointer: 7E717    Data: 211B01  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E71A    Data: 1FD414  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E71D    Data: 213AED  <-- Palette

Tileset $0E (Tourian #2)
Pointer: 7E720    Data: 211B01  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E723    Data: 1FD414  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E726    Data: 213BC1  <-- Palette

Tileset $0F (Ceres #1, arrival)
Pointer: 7E729    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E72C    Data: 203004  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E72F    Data: 214104  <-- Palette

Tileset $10 (Ceres #2, escape)
Pointer: 7E732    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E735    Data: 203004  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E738    Data: 2141E3  <-- Palette

Tileset $11 (mode 7 Ceres)
Pointer: 7E73B    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E73E    Data: 20622A  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E741    Data: 214104  <-- Palette

Tileset $12 (mode 7 Ceres)
Pointer: 7E744    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E747    Data: 20622A  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E74A    Data: 2141E3  <-- Palette

Tileset $13 (mode 7 Ridley)
Pointer: 7E74D    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E750    Data: 208DA9  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E753    Data: 214104  <-- Palette

Tileset $14 (mode 7 Ridley)
Pointer: 7E756    Data: 21275E  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E759    Data: 208DA9  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E75C    Data: 2141E3  <-- Palette

Tileset $15 (save rooms #1)
Pointer: 7E75F    Data: 21227B  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E762    Data: 20060B  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E765    Data: 213C9C  <-- Palette

Tileset $16 (save rooms #2)
Pointer: 7E768    Data: 21227B  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E76B    Data: 20060B  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E76E    Data: 213D7B  <-- Palette

Tileset $17 (save rooms #3)
Pointer: 7E771    Data: 21227B  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E774    Data: 20060B  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E777    Data: 213E58  <-- Palette

Tileset $18 (save rooms #4)
Pointer: 7E77A    Data: 21227B  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E77D    Data: 20060B  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E780    Data: 213F3D  <-- Palette

Tileset $19 (save rooms #5)
Pointer: 7E783    Data: 21227B  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E786    Data: 20060B  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E789    Data: 214021  <-- Palette

Tileset $1A (Kraid's room)
Pointer: 7E78C    Data: 20E189  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E78F    Data: 1E5FF0  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E792    Data: 213510  <-- Palette

Tileset $1B (Crocomire's room)
Pointer: 7E795    Data: 20F3AF  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E798    Data: 1EFE2A  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E79B    Data: 213798  <-- Palette

Tileset $1C (Draygon's room)
Pointer: 7E79E    Data: 1F9DEA  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 7E7A1    Data: 1F9DEA  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 7E7A4    Data: 213A2C  <-- Palette

CRE
Pointer: 1683D    Data: 1CA09D  <-- Tile table
Pointer: 16415    Data: 1C8000  <-- Graphics
Pointer: 16797    Data: 1C8000  <-- Graphics

ABOUT COMPRESSION: all of the tilest sizes that I listed above are uncompressed numbers. It's possible for compressed numbers become just slightly larger, but this would never happen under normal circumstances, unless you were generating random data completely without patterns, which wouldn't look like anything coherent or playable anyway. To determine the maximum possible compressed amount of data that a tileset can use, just add +2 for every $100 bytes, and then +1 to that number as an ending byte (i.e., the CRE tile table can be up to $800 bytes uncompressed, which is $810 bytes compressed; that works out as $800 + $0F + $01).

TILE SHEET EDITING FOR TILESETS ("GFX EDITING")

Even if you're not a pixel artist, there are edits you can make to the graphic sheet that SMILE RF cannot do, such as rotate tiles 90 degrees, mix tilesets together, and re-assign colors. Tile Layer Pro is the program I use because I don't do much graphic editing, and it's really simple to understand and use (although primitive and very lacking in features), but there are other options such as YY-CHR, which is newer and has more features. Tile Layer Pro (TLP) is what I'll be using in the picture examples below. First, here is a quick walkthrough of the graphic editing process:

1.) In SMILE's tileset editor, export a tile sheet that you would like to edit by clicking "GFX > Export SCE Graphics" (I'll be using Crateria for my example as usual), and then export its palette as well by clicking the Export button.

2.) Open the exported tile sheet .GFX file in Tile Layer Pro. When you open the .GFX file, four editing windows will appear within the gray TLP program window, called Palette Editor, Tile Editor and Tile Arranger, and then the main file window. The largest of the four windows, the main file window, has the contents of the tile sheet that you just exported from SMILE, which right now will probably look like green and black jibberish.

3.) Click "View > Format > SNES", and the jibberish will suddenly not look like jibberish anymore, but the colors are still messed up.

4.) Click "Palette > Load" and open the .TPL palette file that you exported with SMILE, which fixes the colors. In the Palette Editor window, click the small up and down arrow buttons next to the 16 colors to cycle through palette lines 0-7.

REMINDER: if TLP can't load the palette because it's the wrong file type (or if the palette file that you exported from SMILE doesn't seem to be in the folder that it should be in), go back into SMILE and make sure "Preferences > Palette Format > TLP" is checked, and then export the palette again to get the correct file type. The palette format you need is .TPL, not .FPL or .PAL.

5.) In the main file window, click on any tile, and it will appear as a close-up in Tile Editor window for editing. Your mouse cursor will turn into a large " + " to let you know that clicking will edit the pixels.

6.) In the Palette Editor window, click on a color, and you will be able to draw in the Tile Editor window using that color. The R/G/B sliders can be used to change the palette color itself if you want. The palette colors are arranged the same way that they are in SMILE, so the first color in each palette line will always be transparent.

About TLP's color values: in SMILE, the RGB sliders go from 0-1F, but in TLP, they go from 0-255, which means that if you create a palette in TLP and import it into SMILE, the colors might be slightly altered from what they were, because SNES palettes will be rounded to the nearest compatible color value. If you want to keep palettes accurate between the two programs, in TLP, you only have to adjust colors in multiples of 8 (e.g., 02 for a color in SMILE = 16 in TLP).

7.) The Tile Arranger window can be used to preview what you're editing by dragging tiles onto it from the main file window. I don't bother with it because it's annoying to use.

8.) After making your desired edits, click "File > Save" in TLP, which will of course save the .GFX file. If you changed any of the colors and want to bring those over to SMILE, click "Palette > Save".

9.) In SMILE, click "GFX > Import SCE Graphics" and select the tile sheet .GFX file that you just edited with TLP. After selecting the file, the tileset editor's window title will tell you the SCE Graphics Compressed Size as usual. If you look at the tile sheet on the right, your edits will now be visible; to make them visible in the level editor and everywhere else, refresh the tileset by clicking one of the tileset editor's Save buttons. Done.

That's all you need to do to start giving Super Metroid custom graphics. Most of the work is in actually drawing or editing the graphics themselves, which I can't teach here, because that would mean basically teaching pixel art, which there are a lot of good tutorials out there for. There are some really effective ways to edit graphics that don't require any artistic ability, which I'll briefly go over now:

Rotating tiles 90 degrees: SMILE is able to flip tiles up/down and left/right, but it cannot rotate them. To rotate tiles, you must make a copy of the 8x8 graphics in the tile sheet in TLP, rotate those, and then assemble them as new tile table in SMILE. As a simple example, I'm going to make a 90-degree version of a grassy floor tile. The four 'P' tiles are unused tile sheet graphics that can be overwritten:

Unfortunately, because it requires making a copy of a graphic in the tile sheet before it can be rotated, there are limitations on how many graphics in a tileset you can rotate, unless you start replacing existing graphics.

Mixing tilesets together: tileset mixing is great for making familiar graphics feel new again. A tileset mix can be something simple, like carrying a few tiles over from one tileset to another, or they can become complex fusions that seem like totally new areas. In the picture example below, I'm going to carry the brick from tilesets $02 and $03 over to Crateria:

As you can see, I have outer Crateria's tile sheet open on the left, and inner Crateria's tile sheet open on the right. Both tile sheets have outer Crateria's palette loaded, with palette line 5 visible. From there, all I had to do was drag & drop the bricks over to outer Crateria. You can also hopefully see how much further this can go than just my little example above, especially once you know how to re-assign colors.

Re-assigning colors: in the above example with moving the brick from inner Crateria to outer Crateria, I didn't have to make any kind of actual graphical edits, besides just dragging & dropping the tiles over. As you'll quickly find out if you get deeper into tileset mixing, most tilesets are not very compatible with palettes from different tilesets. Some graphics will look fine, but most will not look good for any of the palette lines because the graphics were drawn and colored differently between each tileset. This can be fixed, but it takes a bit of work.

In this example, I'm going to make the unused outer Crateria tiles (outlined in red) match the metallic gray blocks and pipes:

These graphics use colors $04-07, but we want it to use colors $01-03 and $0E (white) instead. If you're doing it by hand in TLP, then you must 'trace' over the original pixels using a different color. This is how you re-assign individual colors for a 8x8 tile within the same palette line. This process can become very time-consuming if you're doing it with many graphics.

TIP: if you're having difficulty seeing which color to replace with a different color, you can temporarily change the color being replaced into a new color in TLP's Palette Editor window so that it's easier to see. In the picture below, I'm replacing color $07 (dark gray) with color $03 (slightly lighter gray), so I temporarily changed color $07 into bright neon green. Now all I have to do is replace each neon green pixel with a gray pixel for each of the tiles that I'm re-assigning colors for (outlined in red):

Using a bright stand-in color is also VERY useful when the color you're needing to replace is only one shade lighter or darker than the color you're currently using. Also, notice how transparency is shown as blue instead of black, and that no other colors in the palette line are even close to blue, making the transparent background for each tile much easier to see.

If you're recoloring a graphic completely (which is what you will be doing most of the time when re-assigning colors), then it's important to know that you absolutely must match the number of shades for the graphic that you're recoloring! If you don't, then you will end up in a situation where there are two colors left to replace, but you only have one color left to use. Not good, and a possibly huge, frustrating waste of time that could have been prevented by just counting a few colors. Sometimes you can get away with using one less shade, but this is usually because there is a color that was only used by a few pixels, so its absence isn't as noticeable.

YY-CHR has a feature that can instantly swap color assignments called "Replace Color". Keep in mind that if you re-assign a graphic's colors, it will look different for other palette lines as well. You will need to duplicate a graphic before altering its color assignments if you want to still be able to use the graphic with its original colors (i.e., the unused outer Crateria tiles that I colored gray above were originally brown to match the tiles that are used around the entrance of the Wrecked Ship, so if you still wanted brown versions, you would need to find twelve 8x8 tiles to drag & drop a copy of them over, so both brown and gray versions exist in the tile sheet at the same time).

Editing other graphics: once you've gotten comfortable with editing tile sheets, it's not hard to change other graphics. If you know a graphic's location in the ROM, you can simply use TLP's goto function and jump right to them, just as you would with data in a hex editor. In TLP, open your ROM, click "Edit > Go to...", make sure the round "Hex" and "Absolute" buttons are selected, enter one of the offsets below, and then click the "Go!" button. You'll be taken to where the graphics are, which should now be visible at the top of the main file window.

After the .GFX file is open, you only need to load the correct .TPL file, make your edits, and then save the ROM. To get the correct .TPL file, enter the Palette offsets below into the "Address" and "#" text fields in SMILE RF's palette editor, then click the Export button to have a .TPL file created of only the colors that are currently visible under the Palette Chooser (which will be the only colors needed to correctly view the graphics that you're editing).

List of graphic and palette locations:

"Tileset" = Graphics or palette are part of their respective tile sheet or tileset palette.
"FX blend" = Palette is determined by the room's FX palette blend value.
"Export" = Compressed graphics that SMILE's tileset editor can export/import ("Special GFX" section).
"Mode 7" = Requires FaTILEty or some other program to edit because TLP doesn't support mode 7.
"GameBoy mode" = Select "View > Format > GameBoy" instead of SNES format.


Graphics: 38564     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, Crateria ocean
Graphics: 39964     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, red Brinstar's carnivorous plants
Graphics: 38B64     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, unused lava
Graphics: 38E64     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, Wrecked Ship conveyors
Graphics: 38EE4     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, Wrecked Ship green backgrounds
Graphics: 39164     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, Maridia sandfalls
Graphics: 396E4     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, Maridia sandfalls, ceiling part
Graphics: 39C04     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, CRE spikes moving
Graphics: 39364     Palette: 155765-0F  <-- Animated tiles, golden Phantoon statue's eye glow
Graphics: 394E3     Palette: 155745-0F  <-- Animated tiles, golden Ridley statue's eye glow
Graphics: 395A4     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, golden Draygon statue's eye glow
Graphics: 39724     Palette: Tileset    <-- Animated tiles, golden Kraid statue's eye glow

Graphics: 397E4     Palette: Tileset    <-- Golden boss statue faces after eyes have exploded
Graphics: 3C564     Palette: 155785-0F  <-- Greenish base of golden boss statues
Graphics: 3AD64     Palette: Tileset    <-- Golden Phantoon/Ridley statues
Graphics: Tileset   Palette: Tileset    <-- Golden Kraid/Draygon statues

Graphics: 70000     Palette: 765E0-0F   <-- File selection and game over screen
Graphics: 74000     Palette: 76480-0F   <-- Planet Zebes (file select menu background)
Graphics: 73400     Palette: A410-5F    <-- Hexagon area maps when loading a save file
Graphics: 1B0000    Palette: 1B7040-0F  <-- Pause screens #1
Graphics: 1B2000    Palette: 1B7020-0F  <-- Pause screens #2
Graphics: 1B4000    Palette: 765E0-0F   <-- Pause screens #3 (file selection screens, map icons)
Graphics: D5600     Palette: D01A0-0F   <-- Common sprites (explosions, enemy drops, etc.)
Graphics: 48000     Palette: Tileset    <-- Non-CRE item graphics

Graphics: D0200     Palette: DC687-00   <-- Grappling beam's blue beam [GameBoy mode]
Graphics: D1A00     Palette: 669A9-0F   <-- Grappling beam's arm cannon
Graphics: DEA00     Palette: 6DB6B-0F   <-- Samus's graphics
Graphics: F7200     Palette: 843E1-4F   <-- Samus's beams
Graphics: D8000     Palette: DA120-8F   <-- Samus's death animation
Graphics: A4800     Palette: 66689-0F   <-- Samus's ship taking off after escape
                             D01A0-0F

Graphics: 3A564     Palette: FX blend   <-- Layer 3 FX (lava, acid, spores, rain) [GameBoy mode]
Graphics: D3200     Palette: FX blend   <-- Layer 3 FX (water, fog), HUD [GameBoy mode]
                             Tileset

Graphics: 73E00     Palette: 765E0-0F   <-- Unused map icons


You can export the .GFX files below from the "Special GFX" section of SMILE's tileset editor:

Graphics: Export    Palette: 661E9-FF   <-- Title screen #1 (blue Ceres room) [mode 7]
Graphics: Export    Palette: 662E9-2F   <-- Title screen #2 ("Super Metroid" logo)
Graphics: Export    Palette: 661E9-FF   <-- Title screen #3 (metroid larva) [mode 7]
Graphics: Export    Palette: 663E9-0F   <-- Text #1 [GameBoy mode]
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66CE9-2F   <-- Text #2
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66CE9-2F   <-- Japanese text [GameBoy mode]
Graphics: Export    Palette: 669A9-0F   <-- Ending #1 (Samus with suit)
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66989-0F   <-- Ending #2 (Samus without suit)
Graphics: Export    Palette: 669A9-0F   <-- Ending #3 (Samus shooting camera)
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66DCB-0F   <-- Ending #4 (Zebes exploding)
Graphics: Export    Palette: 76480-0F   <-- Ending #5 (Zebes zoom-out) [mode 7]
Graphics: Export    Palette: 664C9-0F   <-- Story intro #1
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66429-0F   <-- Story intro #2
                             66449-0F

Graphics: Export    Palette: 66689-0F   <-- Samus's ship and Ceres [mode 7]
                             667A9-08

Graphics: Export    Palette: 76480-0F   <-- Planet Zebes and "PLANET ZEBES" text
Graphics: Export    Palette: 66429-0F   <-- Ceres, outer space, and "SPACE COLONY" text
                             66769-0F

Graphics: Export    Palette: 66FE9-0F   <-- Ending (large "S" logo)
                             671E9-0F


Samus's graphics: DE000, D8000
Palettes can be exported from "Samus Palettes" in the palette editor. Death palette: DA120-0F
Samus's beams: D7200
Beam palettes can be exported from SMILE's palette editor.
Enemy/boss graphics: 158000 and 1B8000
SMILE's enemy editor can export enemy palettes. Palette locations has the rest.
Look at the "Enemy Graphics Pointer" if you need to find the location of a specific enemy's graphics.

Graphics tend to be separated into 16x16-tile 'pages', which perfectly fit TLP's default main file window size. Each 16x16 page is $2000 bytes, each row of 16 tiles is $200 bytes, and each individual tile is $20 bytes. Opening your .SMC ROM in TLP allows you to see uncompressed graphics. All other data will look like jibberish. The reason you can't see tilesets and a lot of other graphics by simply scrolling through the ROM with TLP is because they are compressed. Even knowing where they are located in the ROM, they won't look like anything editable until they've been decompressed and exported as .GFX files by SMILE.

TLP HEADER FIX AND .BIN SUPPORT: there is a flaw with TLP that omits the top row of tiles because it always assumes that the file being opened will have a header, which has been fixed, and also a hack that allows .BIN files to be opened and edited. The TLP.exe file that you can download from here already has both of these fixes applied to it.

OPENED FILE WARNING: don't leave your ROM open in TLP for long periods of time, unless you're willing to risk accidentally saving the ROM with TLP and undoing all edits that you've made with SMILE or a hex editor since the last time the ROM was saved with TLP! Disasterous.

APPLYING AND CREATING IPS/ASM PATCHES

For IPS, download Lunar IPS (optional). For ASM, there's xkas 0.06, which you don't need to download because it is already included with SMILE RF ("Xkas.exe"). There are other IPS patchers and assemblers out there, but these are the two that I've always used.

Applying .IPS patches: in SMILE RF's main window, click "ROM > IPS / ASM Patch > Apply IPS Patch" and select the IPS file that you want patched onto the ROM that SMILE currently has open. After you choose the file, it will look like nothing happened, but the IPS file has actually been patched. Done. Before you do this, make certain that the patch and ROM are both headered or unheadered. Also remember to always make a back-up of your ROM before you apply any kind of patch to it.

OPTIONAL: instead of using SMILE RF, you can download and run Lunar IPS, then click the "Apply IPS Patch" button, which will open a file selection window. In the first file selection window ("Select IPS File to Use"), choose the IPS patch. In the second file selection window ("Select File to Patch"), choose the SMC file to apply that IPS patch to.

Creating .IPS patches: in SMILE RF's main window, click "ROM > IPS / ASM Patch > Create IPS Patch", and you'll be given a file selection window ("Choose *unchanged* ROM.") that usually requires an unedited, unheadered Super Metroid ROM (the filename of ROM doesn't matter). Done. A pop-up will appear ("IPS saved!") that lets you know where the new IPS file is located. This small IPS file can then be applied to any unheadered Super Metroid ROM. This is mainly how people distribute their hacks and patches.

OPTIONAL: creating an IPS patch in Lunar IPS works almost exactly the same way as applying one. For the first file selection window ("Select ORIGINAL UNMODIFIED File to Use"), you must choose what is essentially an untouched copy Super_Metroid_(JU)[!].SMC (the checksum should be white in Snes9x, not yellow). For the second file selection window ("Select NEW MODIFIED File to Use"), choose any edited copy of Super Metroid that you want. There will be a third file selection window ("Select IPS File to Save As"), requiring you to enter a filename for the new IPS patch that is about to be created. Enter a name, and you're done. There creates a .IPS file in the same folder as the edited ROM that you chose in the second file selection window, which others can apply to their Super Metroid ROMs or hacks.

Any edit to the ROM can be turned into a patch. You could create a patch that recolors two pixels and absolutely nothing else, if you wanted to. Patch creation works by comparing every single byte between both ROMs and outputting a single .IPS file that ONLY contains the byte changes that you've made to the ROM with SMILE, a hex editor, a tile editor, or any other tool. The IPS file itself is not a ROM, and it cannot really do anything unless you're using Lunar IPS or some other IPS patcher. For ROM hacking, IPS's main purpose is overwriting specific parts of a file, although .ASM files are generally preferred among hackers if the patch being created involves custom programming, so that the assembly code can be edited or fixed directly before it's compiled.

Applying .ASM patches: in SMILE RF's main window, click "ROM > IPS / ASM Patch > Apply ASM Patch" - if you haven't set a default assembler, then you will be given a file selection window that says "Choose your assembler." Choose the xkas.exe file. After you've done that, all you will need to do to apply an ASM patch is choose the .ASM file, just as you would with IPS patches. Done. The ASM patch is applied instantly and unceremoniously, as with IPS patches.

OPTIONAL: in the xkas folder, have a .SMC and .ASM file with the exact filenames (e.g., supermetroid.SMC and supermetroid.ASM), then drag+drop the ASM file over the "xkas.exe" file. Done. There is no need to do anything else, because xkas will run and compile automatically after you place an ASM file over it.

Creating .ASM patches: .ASM files are exactly the same as .TXT files. The only difference is their .TXT/.ASM file extensions, which can easily be changed by renaming the file. If you're copying/pasting assembly code to a new file, type ".asm" after any filename that you give it, and it will be a saved as valid ASM file.

Headered vs. Unheadered: almost all Super Metroid patches that exist are unheadered, so if you don't know whether a patch is headered or not, assume that it's unheadered. If a patch breaks your ROM, and you think it's because of a headered/unheadered mix-up, the fix is easy: use SMILE to give the ROM a header, then apply the patch. If it works after doing that, then the patch was headered. If the patch still doesn't work, it's possible that you've applied other patches before it that wrote new code to the same offsets, which would create a conflict and easily cause crashes. ASM patches are unheadered only.

File compare: this can be a life-saving feature for finding and fixing bugs. File compare also lets you see exactly which offsets/bytes that IPS patches have written new code to, which can be extremely helpful if the creator of an IPS patch hasn't provided (or created) an ASM version of that patch. If you use file compare and generate a large text file, just remember that even a few level edits could produce a text file that's hundreds of bytes large, and that most of the byte addresses are going to be grouped together, so short edits to isolated parts of the ROM won't be too difficult to find.

ASM code commenting: you'll often see small comments often added into the code once you start looking at ASM code. This is done using semicolons, and they are the ONLY character that can be used for commenting inside of ASM files. Everything after a semicolon is ignored by the assembler, until the start of the next line of code.

ASM data overwrites: always make certain that the LoROM address following all "$org" instances in all ASM files does not already have data at that location. If there is already data there, you must choose a new offset with free space within the same bank. To check, simply go to the $org offset(s) with a hex editor and make sure there are lot of FF bytes at that spot before applying the ASM file.

When new ASM patches are written, the creators will usually just place their new code at a commonly known free space address, leaving it your responsibility to adjust it to a new address if another patch has already written code at that address. All it takes is accidentally overwriting ONE byte with another wrong byte to make the game start crashing in weird ways, which becomes harder to find and fix over time if the crash isn't apparent right away.

BASIC ASM AND BEYOND

This won't be a very long section because I don't know too much about ASM (assembly) myself just yet. There is documentation below that should help you step into it if you really want to write complex new code for Super Metroid. ASM is what Super Metroid itself is written/programmed in. Technically, almost every edit you've made to the game until now has been an ASM edit, even if you don't know actual ASM programming.

Something you learned repeatedly if you followed part 2 of this guide was repointing, moving data, and then replacing the old data with free space, which I've attempted to illustrate below:

A step up from that might be branching code that only runs when certain conditions are met. The warning beep that turns on when Samus's energy runs low is an example of conditional checking to run code. Any time Samus's amount of energy is modified (hurt by enemies, collecting energy, etc.), the current energy value is checked against different energy values that determine if the low-energy warning beep should be switched on or off. Here's what a basic branching sub-routine might look like:

There is also hijacking, which hackers often need to do in order to make their new code run properly. It is very similar in concept to repointing, except that finding a good hijack point is sometimes the first stumper for people trying to run new code, because a hijack point is the 'entrance point' for it. Unless you know everything about the routine you're hijacking part of, there's a chance the code that you hijacked will run in ways you didn't expect, resulting in strange errors or crashes.

A basic hijack might be used to expand the functionality of some existing code (in the repointing picture above, imagine that the three pink "Pointer" boxes say "Hijack point" instead). A good example of a hijack I once did was forcing save stations to check for more poses. By default, save stations will only wait for Samus to be standing still while facing left or right before asking you if you want to save the game, which is two different poses. To allow more than two poses to be checked, I hijacked the code that ordinarily only checks for two poses by changing it into a what is basically pointer to new code that checks for the two poses, plus as many extra poses as I wanted.

By making changes with a hex editor, you rewrote tiny sections of assembly. If you learn ASM programming, you will probably move away from using hex editors often, and start preferring to write your code in a text file. Regardless of how you edit the game, the final result always ends up as machine code that can be viewed and edited with a hex editor. "LDA #$0001" and "A9 01 00" mean exactly the same thing.

Here is an example piece of ASM code by Scyzer:

  JSR $8D64
  PHP : STZ $16
--  LDA $16 : TAX : SEP #$20 : LDA $7F6402,X : BEQ ++
    ASL #5 : STA $10
    LDA $7F6403,X : ASL A : CLC : ADC $7F6403,X : TAY : REP #$20
    LDA ColorTable,Y : STA $00
    LDA ColorTable+1,Y : STA $01
  LDY #$0000 : LDX $10
-	LDA [$00],Y : STA $7EC300,X
  INX #2 : INY #2 : CPY #$0020 : BCC -
    INC $16 : INC $16 : BRA --
++  PLP : RTS

Now, here's that exact same piece of ASM by Scyzer, seen as hex bytes, but with the same number of line separations added in so you can see the similarities to the written code above:

20 64 8D
08 64 16
A5 16 AA E2 20 BF 02 64 7F F0 38
0A 0A 0A 0A 0A 85 10
BF 03 64 7F 0A 18 7F 03 64 7F A8 C2 20
B9 00 00 85 00
B9 01 00 85 01
A0 00 00 A6 10
B7 00 9F 00 C3 7E
E8 E8 C8 C8 C0 20 00 90 F1
E6 16 E6 16 80 BD
28 60

Without the line separations and color, you're left with what would normally look like a bunch of random bytes: 20 64 8D 08 64 16 A5 16 AA E2 20 BF 02 64 7F F0 38 0A 0A 0A 0A 0A 85 10 BF 03 64 7F 0A 18 7F 03 64 7F A8 C2 20 B9 00 00 85 00 B9 01 00 85 01 A0 00 00 A6 10 B7 00 9F 00 C3 7E E8 E8 C8 C8 C0 20 00 90 F1 E6 16 E6 16 80 BD 28 60 - that's mostly all there is to viewing and editing ASM as code and as hex bytes. Actually understanding ASM is the hard part. All data comes down to raw bytes, even the graphics and audio. If you were crazy enough, you could open a blank file in a hex editor and type a fully functioning SNES game into existence from scratch.

Every single hex byte, from 00 all the way up to FF, corresponds with what's called an ASM instruction. These instructions are used to compose routines and sub-routines. This is why if you've looked through hex data a lot, you might have noticed trends in when certain bytes appear. Certain instructions are needed for certain tasks.

At the very end of the ASM example above, it says RTS, which is byte 60. The instruction for 60 is "Return To Subroutine", which is used for ending a routine. There is also byte 6B, "Return To Subroutine Long", which is needed for routines that end in a different than the bank that they started in.

I gathered some ASM documents and put them in a .zip file, which you can download here. Also Google "Programming the 65816" by David Eyes and Ron Lichty and download that .PDF file if you're serious about this stuff.

You've reached the end of this guide! That's all! It's over! Finalium! ▲

RESOURCES (MIRRORED)  ▲  ∨ 

More useful Super Metroid documents:

• Enemies and bosses by begrimed
• Hex edits by begrimed + many others
• Palette locations by begrimed, squishy_ichigo, DSO
• RAM map by Kejardon, Black Falcon, Scyzer
• Random routines by Kejardon, Scyzer
• Bank $8F disassembly by PJBoy + many others
• Title screen by RaccoonSam
• Game over screen by begrimed, Digital_Mantra
• Credits by squishy_ichigo, RealRed
• Intro & ending tilemaps by RaccoonSam, ProjectXVIII
• Tile and FX animations by DChronos
• Samus's animations by Crashtour99
• Message boxes by DChronos
• Equipment screen by DChronos
• Audio hacking (incomplete) by DSO
• Basic hex editing by begrimed
• Find new hex edits by begrimed
• Super Metroid ASM lessons by Scyzer

Guides for SMILE 2.5:

• SMILE 2.5 guide by personitis
• Enemy cloning by begrimed
• Room expansion by begrimed
• Adding more doors to a room by begrimed
• Changing FX1 with doors by begrimed
• Adding enemies and PLMs by begrimed
• Room scrolls by begrimed

Super Metroid disassemblies:

Disassemblies are chunks of game code that have been re-arranged in a way that's easier to read and understand than raw hex bytes are. Comments are also usually added to 'narrate' the code as it runs through its whole routine. Most disassemblies cannot be compiled by xkas (even if it seems like they can) because they are strictly informational. Geiger's debugger and ASMDev are able to view ROM code as ASM instructions.

• Bank disassemblies by PJBoy
• Samus's physics by Crashtour99
• Speed Booster echoes by Scyzer
• Beam running code by Kejardon
• Grappling beam by Kejardon
• PLMs by Kejardon, Crashtour99
• PLM $B76F (save station) by Crashtour99
• PLM $B8AC by Mon732
• PLM $EEEB by squishy_ichigo
• Samus shooting enemies by Qactis
• Main enemy routine by Kejardon
• Enemy death animation by PJBoy
• Samus's ship by Black Falcon
• Space pirates by Crashtour99
• Zeb / Zebbo by Crashtour99
• Geemer by Kejardon
• Koma by Kejardon
• Waver by Kejardon
• Metroid by PJBoy
• Chozo statue by PJBoy, Scyzer
• Mini Crocomire by herald83
• Kraid by PJBoy
• Ridley by Kejardon
• Botwoon by Crashtour99
• HUD by Crashtour99
• Layer FX by Black Falcon
• X-ray blocks by Kejardon
• Message boxes by Kejardon
• New save button inputs by PJBoy
• Equipment screen by Kejardon
• Room states by personitis and Kejardon
• Title sequence by Crashtour99

Super Metroid hacking tools:

• SMILE 2.5 by Jathys
• SMILE JX 2.83 by JAM
• Older SMILE versions by Jathys
• jSM by OsteHovel
• Projectiler 0.86 by Black Falcon
• Super Metroid Editor 2.07-alpha1 by smibes1994
• Super Metroid FX Editor 0.01 by smibes1994
• Super Metroid FX Viewer 0.07 by smibes1994
• mdb.txt generator by Fe
• SABS (Samus Aran Beauty Salon) by Jathys
• SMAll (Super Metroid Allocator) by DFPercush

ROM hacking tools:

• Tile Layer Pro by SnowBro
• YY-CHR by Yy
• FaTILEty by Bruno Costa
• Lunar IPS by FuSoYa
• Lunar Address by FuSoYa
• xkas 0.06 by byuu
• Snes9x Debugger 1.43.ep9r8 by Geiger
• Snes9x Debugger 1.51.ep10r1 by Geiger
• ASMdev 0.99 by Disnesquick

FAQ ("FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS")  ▲  ∧  ∨ 

Most of these questions were taken from the Metroid Construction forum.

ITEM              NORMAL     CHOZO BALL     HIDDEN     DEFAULT VALUES
Bombs             26131      26516          269F5      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Charge Beam       2615F      26551          26A36      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Ice Beam          2618D      2658C          26A77      00 03 00 00 00 03 00 00
Hi-Jump Boots     261BB      265C7          26AB8      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Speed Booster     261E9      26602          26AF9      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Wave Beam         26217      26646          26B3A      00 02 00 00 00 02 00 00
Spazer            26245      26681          26B7B      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Spring Ball       26273      266BC          26BBC      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Varia Suit        262A5      266F7          26BFD      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Gravity Suit      262DA      26739          26C45      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
X-Ray Scope       2630F      2677B          26C8D      01 01 00 00 03 03 00 00
Plasma Beam       2633C      267B5          26CCD      00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00
Grappling Beam    2636A      267F0          26D0E      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Space Jump        26397      2682A          26D4E      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Screw Attack      263C5      26865          26D8F      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Morphing Ball     263F3      268A0          26DD0      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Reserve Tank      26421      268DB          26E11      00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

.SMC =スーパーファミコンのROMファイル
.SFC = .SMCと同じです。あまり知られていない/サポートされていない
.IPS =ハッキングに使用されるパッチ適用形式（ "International Patching System"）
.ASM =アセンブリファイル、IPSよりも柔軟
.GFX =さまざまなプログラムが編集できる非圧縮グラフィック
.TPL = Tile Layer Proパレット。通常GFXを正しく表示するために必要です。
.PAL = TPLよりも汎用的なパレットフォーマット
.FPL = FaTILEtyのパレットフォーマット
.HEX = 16進バイトの保存済み選択
.BIN =生のバイナリデータ。 ASMファイルはコンパイル時に適用できます。
.TTB =タイルテーブルフォーマット。SMILEでのみ使用されます。
.CLP = SMILE RFでのみ使用されるレベルデータクリップボードフォーマット
.RFTT = SMILE RFモード7タイルテーブルフォーマット
.BRR =オーディオをROMに挿入するために使用されるビットレート削減
.SRM =保存を維持するためにエミュレータによって使用されるRAMファイルの保存
.ZST = ZSNES保存ファイル（追加の状態：.ZS1、.ZS2、.ZS3など）
.000 = Snes9X保存ファイル（追加状態：.001、.002、.003など）
.VAL = SMILE RFは、デフォルトのBTSタイプなどの設定を記憶するためにこれらを使用します。
.BAK =安全に削除できる自動作成されたバックアップファイル
.INI =プログラム設定（例：SMILE RFのエディタウィンドウ位置）

GLOSSARY  ▲  ∧  ∨ 

Words and stuff that we use and stuff. Not listed in any particular order.

改訂履歴  ▲  ∧ 

2017年10月　日本語版の仮公開と翻訳作業を開始しました。

2018年03月　翻訳とともに少し分かりやすくしてみました。

2018年10月　少々問題がありそうな箇所等を削除しました。

2019年03月　最新版への切り替えなど対応を開始しました。

スペシャルサンクス ▲

Scyzer, Jathys, Kejardon, PJBoy, Black Falcon, Crashtour99, DSO, JAM, FullOfFail, DChronos, GF_Kennon, Cardweaver, squishy_ichigo, Flamestar666, BlackTelomeres, Digital_Mantra, Drewseph, RealRed, RaccoonSam, personitis, itsblah, Quietus,

それと、これを眺めている皆様です。

順次追加できればと思います。

改造で分からないこととかありませんか？おまかせください ▲

分からないことがあったらこちらでスレッドを立てて改造チームに聞いてみましょう！！

IRCチャットなんかもあります #metconst  #CloudIRC